chapter 16 practice questions

An example of a secondary acquired immunodeficiency is

AIDS.

SCID is defined by a lack of functional B and T cells which eliminates protection by humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Which of the following is true?

All of the above describe cases of SCID.

Contact dermatitis involves

All of the choices are correct.

Transfusion of the wrong blood type can cause

All of the choices are correct. gtype

The serum of a person with blood type A and Rh- will have the ability to make which of the following antibodies?

Anti-B and anti-Rh

Which event occurs with the sensitizing dose of allergen?

Binding of IgE by the Fc region to mast cells and basophils

What will be the immediate action of an allergen when it enters the body for a second time?

Binding of allergen to adjacent IgE binding sites on mast cells and basophils

John, a Peace Corps worker in the country of Mali in Africa, was in a car accident while traveling through a rural area. He was treated at a tiny rural hospital, and due to his loss of blood, he required a transfusion. John has B- blood type and has never received a transfusion before. Which statement is correct regarding this scenario?

He can safely receive O- blood even though he makes anti-A antibodies.

What can be a consequence of a genetic deficiency in B-cell survival and maturity?

Hypogammaglobulinemia

In the theory for allergic desensitization, which immunoglobulin blocks the allergen from binding with IgE?

IgG

Human blood types involve all of the following except

MHC genes.

A person who produces anti-A and anti-B serum antibodies will have blood type ______.

O

Many men make antibodies to sperm, resulting in destruction of sperm to the point of sterility. What would be the likely origin of this autoimmune disease?

Since sperm are not made until after puberty, the immune system cannot scan the antigens on the sperm for immune tolerance. After sperm are made and the immune system sees them, they are recognized as foreign.

Severe combined immunodeficiencies (SCIDs) are due to

a genetic defect in the development of both T cells and B cells.

Myasthenia gravis disease arises from the production of autoantibodies against

acetylcholine receptors on skeletal muscle.

Once a mother has been sensitized to the Rh factor,

all other Rh+ fetuses are at risk.

Autoimmunity is typically due to

autoantibodies and T cells.

Tissue transplanted from one body site on a patient to a different body site on that patient is called a(n) ______.

autograft

An antihistamine will

bind to histamine receptors on target organs.

DiGeorge syndrome is the result of

congenital absence or immaturity of the thymus gland.

Allergic patients receiving small, controlled injections of specific allergens are undergoing ______.

desensitization

t/f: A person who is Rh- will have anti-Rh antibodies in his/her serum from early infancy.

false

t/f: Allergic rhinitis is also known as asthma.

false

t/f: Eczema is an autoimmune disorder.

false

t/f: The leukocyte histamine-release test (LHRT) measures the amount of histamine released from the patient's mast cells and eosinophils when exposed to a specific allergen.

false

t/f: The tuberculin reaction develops within 30 minutes of the skin test in people with prior sensitization due to tuberculosis infection.

false

The potential for hemolytic disease of the newborn occurs when

fetal Rh+ cells enter an Rh- mother.

All of the following represent potential therapy for patients with SCID except

graft versus host.

High levels of tryptase in the blood is indicative of

high levels of degranulating mast cells suggesting an allergic reaction.

Any heightened immune response resulting in tissue damage is called a(n) ______.

hypersensitivity

Histamine causes all of the following except

increased sensitivity to pain.

Corticosteroids will

inhibit the activity of lymphocytes.

A female who is Rh-

is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn.

A person with O type blood

lacks A and B antigens.

All of the following are autoimmune diseases except

metastatic cancer

Infection with enteroviruses, such as rotavirus and cytomegalovirus, has been implicated in the onset of type I diabetes. This area of research involves the study of ______.

molecular mimicry

In multiple sclerosis, autoantibodies attack

myelin sheath cells of the nervous system.

Epinephrine

reverses constriction of airways.

The initial encounter with an allergen is called the _____ dose.

sensitizing

Serum sickness and the Arthus reaction are both type III hypersensitivities, but they differ in that

serum sickness is a systemic reaction to an injected therapy, whereas the Arthus reaction remains localized to the injection site.

Large quantities of antibodies that react to the second entry of antigen and lead to formation of antigen-antibody complexes occurs in

serum sickness.

A systemic, sometimes fatal, reaction with airway obstruction and circulatory collapse is ______.

systemic anaphylaxis

All of the following are associated with IgE and mast-cell-mediated allergy except ______.

systemic lupus erythematosus

t/f: A viral infection can lead to the development of type I diabetes.

true

t/f: A xenograft is graft tissue from a donor of one species transplanted to a recipient of another species.

true

t/f: Before a type II hypersensitivity can proceed, three immune components must be in place: complement, IgG, and IgM.

true

t/f: During graft rejection, cytotoxic T cells of the recipient recognize and respond to foreign class I MHC receptors on the grafted cells.

true

t/f: Systemic anaphylaxis can quickly result in airway blockage, shock, and death.

true

t/f: The allergen in poison ivy plants is an oil called urushiol.

true

Autoantibodies cause tissue injury in all of the following diseases except

tuberculin reaction.