Chapter 16 review

open-pit mining

A mining method used for large ore deposits near the surface that are mined downward.

Hydraulic mining

A mining method used to recover gold from ancient riverbeds.

Sulfuric Acid

A water contaminant that can cause acid mine drainage.

Gangue minerals.....

B. have no commercial value.

Underground mine fires

One of the most serious consequences of coal mining.

Evaporites

Salts left behind after evaporation

Surface mining

The mining used when shallow ore deposits are located close to Earth's surface.

alloy

Two or more metals combined

Mineral exploration

a process used by mining companies to identify areas where there may be valuable mineral resources

Minerals are arranged in a regular, repeating geometric pattern of.....

a. atoms.

Which of the following is not one of the ways that ore minerals may form?

a. flooding of empty stream beds and rivers

Which of the following would not be considered an aggregate?

a. sea glass

From whom must mining companies obtain permits before mining a site?

a. state and federal agencies

Stream placers often occur....

b. at bends in rivers.

Reclamation is the process of....

c. returning land to its original, or better, condition after mining operations have been completed.

Crushed ore is melted at high temperatures to separate impurities from molten metal during...

c. smelting

Which of the following is not a method of subsurface mining?

d. open-pit mining

The process by which land sinks with little or no horizontal movement is known as......

d. subsidence.

Flux

material that bonds with impurities and separates them from molten metal during smelting

dissolved minerals

what hot, subsurface waters must contain in order to be considered hydrothermal solutions