Chapter 16: Sociology

Public schools must guarantee that

per-student spending is equitable

No Child Left Behind Act

requires states to test students in prescribed grades, with the results of those tests determining eligibility to receive federal funding

Plessy v. Ferguson se the precedent that

separate schools for black and white students was allowed

allowing a student to move to the next grade regardless of whether or not they have met the requirements for that grade is called_____

social promotion.

formal education

the learning of academic facts and concepts

conflic theorists see IQ test as being biased. Why?

they reward affluent students with questions that assume knowledge associated with upperclass cultre.

Which of the following is NOT a method used within the U.S to produce educational equality?

Mandatory tutoring

which court case set the precedent for access to education within the United States for students with disabilities

Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia

What term describes the assignment of students to specific education programs and classes on the basis of test scores, previous grades, or perceived ability?

Tracking

in 1972, case Mill v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia set a precedent for

access to education

functionalist theory sees educaiton as serving the needs of

all of the above: families society the individual

The term sorting can be defined as

classifying students based on academic merit or potential

informal education_____

refers to the learning of cultural norms

social placement

the use of education to improve one's social standing.

key predictors for student success include

socioeconomic status and family background

what term describes the separation of students based on merit

sorting

education

a social institution through which a society's children are taught basic academic knowledge learning skills, and cultural norms

sorting

classifying students based on academic merit or potential

What factors contribute to inequality within the educational system in the United States

ALL OF THE ABOVE -socioeconomic status -racis

to make students more competitive in the work force and graduate school, college professors are begining to lower the standard for students grades. (i. e. what was once considered a B is now considered an A). This is known as

Grade inflation

What is the Head Start Program?

a federal program that provides academically focused preschool to students of low socioeconomic status

head start program

a federal program that provides academically focused preschool to students of low socioeconomic status

which theory of education focuses on the ways in which education maintain the status quo?

conflict theory

conflict theorist see sorting as a way to

perpetuate divisions of socioeconomic statsu

Because she plans on achieving success in marketing, Tammie is taking courses on managing social media. this is an example of?

social placement

what do nations that are top-ranked in science and math have in common?

they recruit top teachers

The concept hidden curriculum can be defined as

A typed of nonacademic knowledge that one learns through informal learning and cultural transmission

what are the major factors affecting education system thought the world?

Resources and money

which of the following is not a manifest function of education?

courtship

learning from classmates that most students buy lunch on Fridays is an example of+___

cultural transmission

the term formal education is defined by the text as

the learning of academic facts and concepts

cultural transmission

the way people come to learn the values, beliefs, and social norms of their culture

Which of the following sociological perspectives argues that the educational system reinforces and perpetuates social inequalities arising from differences in class, gender, race, and ethnicity?

Conflict Theory

Malik grew up in an affluent household which embraced activities such as attending the opera, visiting museums, and traveling to foreign countries at leas once a year. When Mali goes to college, he finds he has much to talk about with professors, and fellow students from similar backgrounds. Malik is enjoying the benefits of:

Cultural capital

cultural capital

cultural knowledge that serves (metaphorically) as currency to help one navigate a culture

informal education

learning about cultural values, norms, and expected behaviors through participation in a society

Which theory of education focuses on the labels acquired through the educational process?

symbolic interactionism

credentialism

the emphasis on certificates or degrees to show that a person has a certain skill, has attained a certain level of education, or has met certain job qualifications

universal access

the equal ability of all people to participate in an education system

grade inflation

the idea that the achievement level associated with an A today is notably lower than the achievement level associated with A-level work a few decades ago

hidden curriculum

the type of nonacademic knowledge that one learns through informal learning and cultural transmission

rewarding students for meeting deadlines and respecting authority figures is an example of____?

transmission of moral education