Chapter 16 Therapies

4. Who emphasized the importance of active listening in the process of psychotherapy? A) Mary Cover Jones B) Carl Rogers C) Sigmund Freud D) Hans Eysenck

B) Carl Rogers

15. Tardive dyskinesia is associated with the long-term use of certain ________ drugs. A) antianxiety B) antipsychotic C) antidepressant D) mood-stabilizing

B) antipsychotic

1. A therapist who uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods is said to be A) client-centered. B) eclectic. C) humanistic. D) psychodynamic.

B) eclectic

. 6. Systematic desensitization is a form of A) aversive conditioning. B) exposure therapy. C) stress inoculation training. D) cognitive-behavioral therapy

B) exposure therapy.

2. While focusing on several intrusive thoughts that had been bothering her recently, Jenny was instructed by her therapist to report any ideas or memories stimulated by these thoughts. Jenny's therapist was making use of a technique known as A) active listening. B) free association. C) systematic desensitization. D) transference

B) free association

13. Margot has recently been diagnosed with depression. Her doctor is most likely to prescribe A. Xanax B. Prozac C. lithium D. Thorazine

B. Prozac

9. Dr. Perry believes it is most effective to have his clients lead the discussion during their sessions, while he listens carefully and provides acceptance and empathy. Dr. Perry's approach is most characteristic of ______ therapy. A. cognitive B. humanistic C. insight D. psychoanalytic

B. humanistic

1. Dr. Bellows believes that psychological disorders should be treated with a combination of medicine, talk therapy and an examination of the person's family history. This approach is indicative of A. the medical model B. the biopsychosocial approach C. the social-cultural approach D. the psychoanalytical approach

B. the biopsychosocial approach

10. Gina has a phobia of snakes. During the process of systematically desensitizing her fear, her therapist is likely to ask Gina first to A. visit a zoo where she can look at snakes in a cage B. thinking about holding a snake C. have someone else hold the snake before she does D. be brave and hold a snake while taking deep breaths

B. thinking about holding a snake

. 12. Which of the following is most clearly a key element shared by all effective psychotherapies? A) desensitization B) a need for self-justification C) meta-analysis D) a new perspective on life

D) a new perspective on life

. 14. The double-blind technique is most likely to be used in evaluating the effectiveness of A) cognitive therapies. B) behavior therapies. C) humanistic therapies. D) drug therapies.

D) drug therapies.

13. Therapists who encourage clients to think primarily about others' expectations are especially likely to experience difficulty developing a strong therapeutic alliance with clients who value A) evidence-based practice. B) light exposure therapy. C) meta-analysis. D) individualism

D) individualism

The cognitively oriented therapeutic approach known as rational-emotive behavior therapy is most closely associated with a. Julian Rotter b. Albert Ellis c. Abraham Maslow d. Raymond Cattell e. Rollo May

b. Albert Ellis

A behavior therapist uses which of the following techniques? . a. free association b. dream analysis c. hypnosis d. Extinction procedures e. Unconditional positive regard

d. Extinction procedures

Behavioral therapeutic approaches, such as systematic desensitization, have been most often used with those experiencing or diagnosed with a. fugue b. dementia c. dissociative disorder d. schizophrenia e. phobia

e. phobia

11. Psychotherapy is likely to be most effective when a client's difficulty involves A) a clear-cut and specific problem. B) unconscious conflicts. C) a response to a stressful life situation. D) self-inflicted suffering

A) a clear-cut and specific problem

11. Albert Ellis developed this confrontational cognitive therapy which is used to challenge people's self-defeating thoughts. A. rational-emotive therapy B. EMDR C. cognitive-behavioral therapy D. dialectical behavior therap

A. rational-emotive therapy

16. Which of the following individuals is most likely to benefit from lithium? A) Olivia, who experiences delusions and auditory hallucinations B) Landon, who experiences a generalized sense of apprehension and anxiety C) Miranda, who experiences periods of extreme sadness followed by episodes of optimistic overexcitement D) Ivan, who experiences sudden brief episodes of intense dread and panic

C) Miranda, who experiences periods of extreme sadness followed by episodes of optimistic overexcitement

17. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is administered to patients who ________, and it produces ________ memory loss than ECT. A) first receive a general anesthetic; less B) first receive a general anesthetic; more C) are wide awake; less D) are wide awake; more

C) are wide awake; less

. 8. Nancy's therapist encourages her to think about her strengths rather than her weaknesses and to develop a habit of thanking others when they compliment her or provide emotional support. The therapist's approach best illustrates A) psychoanalysis. B) client-centered therapy. C) cognitive-behavioral therapy. D) virtual reality exposure therapy.

C) cognitive-behavioral therapy

7. Cognitive therapy is most likely to A) focus special attention on clients' positive and negative feelings about their therapists. B) employ personality tests to accurately diagnose their clients' difficulties. C) emphasize the importance of clients' personal interpretations of life events. D) systematically associate clients' undesirable behaviors with unpleasant experiences

C) emphasize the importance of clients' personal interpretations of life events

18. Preventive mental health attempts to reduce the likelihood of psychological disorders by A) enabling more people to see professional psychotherapists. B) encouraging depressed people to take more personal responsibility for their own problems. C) establishing programs to wipe out poverty and other demoralizing social conditions. D) emphasizing the importance of using a biomedical approach to therapy.

C) establishing programs to wipe out poverty and other demoralizing social conditions.

5. A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca best illustrates A) stress inoculation training. B) aversive conditioning. C) exposure therapy. D) client-centered therapy

C) exposure therapy

10. The most convincing evidence for the effectiveness of psychotherapy comes from A) studies of client satisfaction with the treatment received. B) reports from therapists concerning their perceptions of client improvement. C) meta-analyses of psychotherapeutic outcome studies. D) the reactions of family and friends to those who have recently undergone psychotherapeutic treatment.

C) meta-analyses of psychotherapeutic outcome studies.

9. Because she mistakenly believes that the herbal remedy she is using will help her lose weight, Mrs. Redding is feeling a considerable reduction in her appetite. This best illustrates A) a randomized clinical trial. B) the therapeutic alliance. C) the placebo effect. D) evidence-based practice.

C) the placebo effect

2. Mrs. Armstrong rewards the students in her classroom with a plastic coin each time they put their materials away after an art activity without being asked to do so. Once weekly they can trade their coins in for candy or small trinkets. Mrs Armstrong is utilizing A. virtual reality B. inoculation training C. a token economy D. a therapeutic alliance

C. a token economy

14. Jonathan was first prescribed antipsychotic drugs when he showed signs of schizophrenia in his early 20s. After 5 years on the drug, he now experiences frequent involuntary facial grimacing and tongue movements. It is likely Jonathan has developed A. Parkinson's disease B. EMDR C. tardive dyskinesia D. resistance

C. tardive dyskinesia

. 3. Classical psychoanalysis most specifically involves A) encouraging patients to carefully observe the consequences of their maladaptive behaviors. B) minimizing the possibility that patients would experience anxiety during therapy. C) discouraging patients from using antianxiety or antidepressant drugs. D) interpreting the meaning of patients' resistance to therapeutic procedures.

D) interpreting the meaning of patients' resistance to therapeutic procedures.

Carl rogers is most closely identified with which of the following therapy perspectives? a. Humanistic therapy b psychoanalysis therapy c. behavioral therapy d. cognitive behavioral therapy e. biological therapy

a. Humanistic therapy

Which of the following is not a major class of drugs used for psychotherapeutic effect? a. anticoagulants b. anxiolytics c. monoamine oxidase inhibitors d. lithium salts e. selective reuptake inhibitors

a. anticoagulants

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are generally effective in treating which of the following? a. depressive disorder b. anxiety disorders c. bipolar disorders d. feeding and eating disorders e. Schizophrenic disorders

a. depressive disorder

A psychoanalytically oriented therapist would most likely be in accord with which of the following criticisms regarding behaviorally oriented therapies? a. behaviorally oriented therapies often take years to complete and create an onerous financial burden for the patient b. behaviorally oriented therapies are concerned solely with the modification of troubling behavioral symptoms and do not address the underlying problems which may have produced those symptoms c. behaviorally oriented therapies can be performed only by therapists who have had the longest and most rigorous training and, as a result, can never impact as many people as can other treatment approaches d. behaviorally oriented therapies are relatively uninterested in the development of an egalitarian client-therapist relationship and miss opportunities to promote emotional growth and empowerment e. behaviorally oriented therapies avoid the technique of role-playing and may not be suitable for group or family therapy situations

b. behaviorally oriented therapies are concerned solely with the modification of troubling behavioral symptoms and do not address the underlying problems which may have produced those symptoms

The concept of accurate empathic understanding is most closely associated with which of the following therapeutic approaches? a. psychoanalytic therapy b. inductive therapy c. client centered therapy d. implosion therapy e. reductionist therapy

c. client centered therapy

Judy has acrophobia, a fear of heights. A behavioral therapist creates a treatment plan to take her to the top of the Empire State Building on the first session, where she will remain until her reaction to the stimulus subsides. This technique is known as a. systemic desensitization b. aversion therapy c. flooding d. implosion e. behavior contracting

c. flooding

A psychotherapist would most likely use which of the following therapies? a. implosion b. systematic desensitization c. free association d. flooding e. Positive self-talk

c. free association