Chapter 17-18 bsc2094
During the isovolumetric contraction phase of the ventricular systole, the
Artioventricular valves and semilunar valves are closed
Define autorhythmicity
Autorhythmicity is the ability of the heart to contract with out neural or hormonal stimulation
Compare arteriosclerosis with atherosclerosis. (Module 18.8A)
Arteriosclerosis is any thickening and toughening of arterial walls; atherosclerosis is a type of arteriosclerosis characterized by changes in the endothelial lining and the formation of fatty deposits (plaque) in the tunica media
Why is RhoGAM administered to Rh- women? (Module 17.8B)
RhoGAM contains anti-Rh antibodies, which circulate in the mothers' bloodstream to destroy any fetal RBCs there, thereby preventing the mother from making antibodies against the developing fetus's red blood cells.
Describe the location of and position of the heart
The heart is located near the anterior chest wall, directly behind the sternum.
_________ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced
anemia
Define mediastinum (Module 18.2A)
The mediastinum is the region between the two pleural cavities that contains the heart, along with the great vessels, thymus, esophagus, and trachea
Comparing the left ventricle with the right ventricle, which of the following is true?
The right ventricle is thicker than the left ventricle
Which blood type(s) can be safely transfused into a person with type O- blood ? (Module 17.7C)
They can receive only O- blood.
Whats the correct order from time of tissue damage to formation of blood clot?
Tissue factor III Calcium Clotting factor VII Factor X Prothrombin Fibrin
Blood flowing into the heart from the vena cava flows next through the ________ valve
Tricuspid
From superficial to deep, name the layers of the heart wall
pericardium, myocardium, endocardium
Contractions of the papillary muscles
prevent the atrioventricular valves from reversing into the atria.
Which of the following is not a function of blood?
produce hormones
As blood leaves the right ventricle it passes through the ________ and then into the pulmonary trunk.
pulmonary valve
A faster than normal heart rate is called?
tachycardia
During ventricular systole, the
AV valves are closed
Which of these descriptions best matches the term platelet?
Adhere to collagen beneath endothelium
Which plasma protein is a major contributor to the pressure of plasma?
Albumin
Why can't a person with type A blood safely receive blood from a person with type B blood? (Module 17.7D)
A person with type A blood will have anti-B antibodies that will agglutinate with type B blood.
A hematocrit provides information on
formed elements abundance
White blood cells release histamine at the site of an injury are
Basophils
Bill wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera but not with the anti-B or anti-D sera. Which of the following is NOT TRUE
Bills plasma contains B anti bodies
Define cardiac cycle (Module 18.9A)
Cardiac cycle is the period between the start of one heartbeat and the beginning of the next
Cardiac outputs increased by
Increased stroke volume
Which type of white blood cell would you find in the greatest numbers in an infected cut? (Module 17.9C)
Neutrophil
Compare oxyhemoglobin with deoxyhemoglobin. (Module 17.5C)
Oxyhemoglobin is hemoglobin whose iron has bound oxygen. Deoxyhemoglobin is hemoglobin whose iron has not bound oxygen.
Compare pernicious anemia with iron deficiency anemia.
Pernicious anemia is insufficient red blood cell production caused by a deficiency in vitamin B12, whereas iron deficiency anemia is impaired hemoglobin synthesis caused by a deficiency in dietary intake or absorption of iron.
Which of the following is NOT a component of plasma?
Platelets
A person's blood type is determined largely by the
Presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane
A person with type A blood has
antigen A on the RBCs and anti-B antibodies in the plasma
A substance that activates plasminogen might be useful to
cause clot dissolution to proceed faster.
Cardiac output can be increased by all of the following except
decreasing ejection fraction
The P wave of the electrocardiogram is a signal from
depolarization of the atria
Arteriosclerosis can lead to all the following except?
diabetes
Tissue factor (Factor III) is a factor in the ________ pathway.
extrinsic
A plasma protein essential for blood coagulation is
fibrinogen
__________ transports oxygen and CO2 in the RBCs
hemoglobin molecules
Which specific plasma protein would you expect to be elevated during a viral infection? (Module 17.2C)
immunoglobulins
An obstruction in blood flow to the kidneys would ultimately result in
increased erythropoiesis
Blood returning to the heart from the pulmonary circuit first enters the
left atrium
Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins?
liver
All of the following are components of the cardiovascular system except
lymph vessels