chapter 17

________ transport(s) oxygen and CO2 in the RBCs.

Hemoglobin molecules

Define hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). (Module 17.8A)

Hemolytic disease of the newborn is a condition in which maternal Rh antibodies attack and destroy fetal Rh-positive red blood cells, resulting in anemia.

Sensitization during hemolytic disease of the newborn refers to

the mother's immune system producing antibodies against the fetus' RBCs.

Recall that the normal range for the hematocrit for a female is 37 - 47%, and the normal range for the hemoglobin level for a female is 12 - 16 g/100 ml. Describe hemoglobin and hematocrit values for the female with iron-deficiency anemia.

The hemoglobin was below normal, and the hematocrit was normal.

Identify the components of the cardiovascular system. (Module 17.1A)

heart, blood, and blood vessels

Which of the following does NOT result in an increase in hemoglobin levels?

hyperthyroidism

Part complete Which of the following vitamins is needed for the formation of clotting factors?

k

All of the following blood disorders are due to specific issues with RBCs except

myeloid leukemia.

The most numerous white blood cells in peripheral circulation are the

neutrophils.

Which of the following statements about blood is false?

normal ph is 6.8 to 7.0

Overall, the most common blood type is

o

What is the most common blood type in the United States? (Module 17.7B)

o+

The chief differences between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the concentration of

proteins

heme molecules lacking iron.

reticulocytes.

Blood type A- would give which of the following results?

agglutination with anti-A antibodies

A person with type O blood has _______.

neither A nor B agglutinogens

Jaundice is a symptom where the patient exhibits a yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes. What causes jaundice?

The liver is unable to process bilirubin, so its level in the blood rises.

Because of their short lifespan, a huge number of erythrocytes are recycled by macrophages. Which of the following is NOT a function of the macrophage?

The macrophage synthesizes a small amount of hemoglobin and transports it to the bone marrow.

Part complete Which plasma protein is a major contributor to the osmotic pressure of plasma?

albumin

Rouleaux formation is characterized by _______.

an increase in ESR

Oxygen is attached to _______.

an iron atom located on the heme portion of hemoglobin

Which condition would a patient have if she had a depressed hematocrit level? (Module 17.4C)

anemia

ESR is useful in distinguishing between _______.

angina and a myocardial infarction as well as acute appendicitis and ruptured ectopic pregnancy

Which of the following terms can be used interchangeably?

antigen and agglutinogen

The function of hemoglobin is to

carry oxygen

Part complete A substance that activates plasminogen might be useful to

cause clot dissolution to proceed faster.

Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone ________ which is mostly produced in the ________.

erythropoietin; kidneys

Rouleaux refers to the ability of RBCs to

form stacks

A hematocrit provides information on

formed elements abundance

Each hemoglobin molecule can carry ______________ oxygen molecule(s).

four

Erythrocyte sedimentation relies upon _______.

gravity

Oxyhemoglobin _______.

has oxygen attached to the iron atom

The oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is evaluated using _______.

hematocrit measurements and hemoglobin measurements

The yellow color that is visible in the eyes and skin in jaundice results from all of the following except

hematuria

The waste product bilirubin is produced from

heme molecules lacking iron.

A typical adult hematocrit is

higher in males than females.

An increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration is termed

hyperchromic.

Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the

immunoglobulins.

Which of the following would indicate a worsening of the disease?

increased ESR with rheumatoid arthritis

Which of the following is not true of basophils?

increased production during parasitic infections

Pernicious anemia caused by a lack of intrinsic factor is specifically treated by

injections of vitamin B12.

Platelets are pinched off from giant multinucleated cells in the bone marrow called

megakaryocytes.

defend against specific pathogens or toxins

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes

Below are some of the factors involved in the extrinsic clotting pathway. 1. calcium 2. tissue factor (III) 3. prothrombin 4. factor X 5. fibrin 6. clotting factor VII What answer corresponds to the correct order in which they occur from the time of tissue damage to the formation of a blood clot?

2, 1, 6, 4, 3, 5

Part complete The total volume of blood in the body of an adult male is approximately ________ liters.

5 to 6

With respect to ABO and Rh blood groups, there are __________ different blood types.

8

A person with type AB blood has _______.

A and B antigens and neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies.

The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by the

release of tissue factor (Factor III) by damaged endothelium.

Which of the following would you expect to see in increased numbers in a peripheral blood sample after donating a unit of blood?

reticulocytes

Which type of anemia is a genetic disorder resulting in abnormally shaped erythrocytes?

sickle cell anemia

The normal pH of blood is

slightly alkaline

Whole blood for testing in a clinical laboratory is usually collected from

superficial vein

Release of which of the following hormones results in higher levels of erythrocytes?

testosterone and erythropoietin

A person with A+ blood has _______

the A antigen on the surface of the red blood cells anti-B antibodies Rh antigen on the surface of the red blood cells all of the above--

he process of white blood cell production and maturation goes on in all of the following except

the kidney

Part complete The enzyme that can digest fibrin and dissolve a clot is

plasmin

A person's blood type is determined largely by the

presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane.

Part complete Which of the following is not a function of blood?

produce hormones

All the circulating red blood cells originate in the

red bone marrow

With large numbers of erythrocytes dying and being replaced every day, what happens to the heme released from the erythrocytes?

Heme is catabolized into two pigments, biliverdin and bilirubin.

Define hemocytoblasts. (Module 17.3A)

Hemocytoblasts form from hematopoietic stem cells and divide into lymphoid stem cells and myeloid stem cells.

Compare oxyhemoglobin with deoxyhemoglobin. (Module 17.5C)

Oxyhemoglobin is hemoglobin whose iron has bound oxygen. Deoxyhemoglobin is hemoglobin whose iron has not bound oxygen.

Which of the following explains the result for the individual with sickle cell anemia?

The shape of the red blood cells prevented them from settling.

Which of these descriptions best matches the term lymphocytes?

defend against specific pathogens or toxins

The ________ is a procedure that is used to determine the number of each of the various types of white blood cells.

differential count

Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood except

viscosity about the same as water.

Part complete The combination of plasma and formed elements is called

whole blood.