Chapter 17

The expanded portion of the terminal esophagus is called the:

cardiac antrum

The vermiform appendix of the colon is attached to the:

cecum

High density barium sulfate is used primarily for:

double-contrast intestine examinations

The widest portion of the small bowel is the:

duodenum

one of the most important technical considerations in gastrointestinal radiography is:

elimination of motion

The stomach wall is composed of how many layers?

4

The wall of the colon is composed of how many layers?

4

the wall of the small intestine is composed of how many coats?

4

How much is the body rotated for the PA projection of the stomach and duodenum?

40 - 70 degrees

What is the average degree of body rotation for an AP oblique projection of the stomach and duodenum?

45 degrees

What is the length of the large intestine?

5 feet

Fluid and food should be withheld for how many hours before a stomach exam?

8

Which of the following planes is centered to the grid for a PA oblique projection of the stomach and duodenum?

a longitudinal plane midway between the vertebrae and lateral border of the elevated side

Which of the following planes is positioned to the center of the grid for the lateral projection of the stomach and duodenum?

a plane passing midway between the midcoronal plane and the anterior surface of the abdomen

a PA projection of the stomach and duodenum can be performed using a 10 X 12 inch IR. Which of the following describes the plane that is centered on the grid for this projection

a sagittal plane passing halfway between the midline and lateral border of the abdomen

Which of the following best describes the administration of barium for an esophagram being performed for esophageal varicose?

exhale, swallow the barium, hold breath out

what is the respiration phase for all radiographic exposures of the stomach and intestines?

expiration

Which drug may be given to the patient before a double-contrast examination?

glucagon

The degree of body rotation for the PA oblique projection of the stomach will depend on the body habitus. The greatest degree is for the

hyperstehenic

Which type of body habits is the stomach almost HORIZONTIL?

hyperstenic

The opening between the small and large intestine is called the:

ileocecal valve

the most distal portion of the small intestine is the:

ileum

The two vessels that supply blood to the liver are the

portal vein and hepatic artery

the exocrine cells of the pancreas function to

produce and secrete digestive juice

What is the recommended general body position for a radiographic series of the esophagus?

recumbent

Which of the following components of the alimentary canal?

1) mouth and pharynx 2)stomach and intestine

Which of the following are essential projections of the small intestine

1)AP 2)PA

Which of the following are the essential projections for an esophagus series

1)AP or PA 2)lateral 3)PA oblique

Which are essential oblique projections of the stomach and duodenum?

1)AP projection, LPO 2)PA projection, RAO

Which of the following contrast media are used for examinations of the gastrointestinal tract?

1)air 2)barium sulfate 3)water-soluble iodinated solution

Which of following are included as components of the alimentary canal?

1)anus 2)colon 3)esophagus

The main functions of the small bowel are:

1)digestion of food 2)absorption of food

The main functions of the large intestine are

1)reabsorption of fluids 2)elimination of waste products

Methods of radiography examine the colon include

1)single contrast 2)double contrast

Which of the following are advantages of using the double contrast technique for examination of the stomach?

1)small lesions are not obscured 2)the mucosal lining of the stomach can be more clearly visualized

Which positions will best demonstrate the retrogastric portion of the duodenum and the jejunum on an AP projection of the stomach?

1)supine 2)trendelenburgs

advantages of using the recumbent position

1)varicose are better filled 3)more complete contrast filling, especially proximal part

The first small intestine radiograph is taken how many minutes after drinking barium

15 minutes

Where is the IR centered for radiographs of the small intestine that are taken within 30 mins of drinking barium

2 inches above the iliac crests

What is the length of the small intestine?

22 feet

How long does it take barium to go through the alimentary canal and reach the rectum?

24 hours

What is the degree of body rotation for the PA oblique projection of the esophagus?

25-40 degrees

The small intestine is divided into how many portions?

3

How much lower should the IR be positioned when the upright position is used for projections of the stomach?

3 to 6 inches

How long is the entire alimentary canal?

30 feet

The degree of body rotation for an AP oblique stomach radiograph ranges from:

30 to 60 degrees

Which projection of stomach is sponge used?

AP oblique

Which of the following projections will best demonstrate the fundus of the stomach?

AP oblique/ LPO

Which projection of the stomach would best demonstrate a diaphragmatic herniation?

AP, trendelenburg's

At which level is the IR centered for a PA projection of the stomach and duodenum?

L1/L2

Which level is the IR centered for an AP or PA oblique stomach and duodenum?

L1/L2

the spleen is located in the ____ of the abdomen

LUQ

Which of the following will demonstrate the duodenum bulb and loop in profile?

PA oblique, RAO

What is the recommended oblique projection and position for the best demonstration of the esophagus?

PA, RAO

which type of body habits is the stomach nearly VERTICAL?

asthenic

Which projection of the stomach demonstrates its anterior and posterior surfaces?

lateral

Where is the IR centered for delayed radiographs of the small intestine

level of the iliac crests

the largest gland in the body is the:

liver

The jejunum and ileum are attached to the posterior wall of the abdomen by the:

mesentery

Which of the following planes is centered to the grid for the lateral projection of the esophagus?

midcoronal plane

Which two regions of the abdomen are almost entirely occupied by the liver?

right hypochondrium and epigastrium

The routinely used methods of examining the stomach include:

single contrast double contrast

Examination that requires use of time markers

small intestine

the gallbladder functions to

store and concentrate bile

A PA projection of the stomach and duodenum is often performed using a 14 x 17 inch IR. Which of the following describes the plane that is centered to the grid for this projection?

the midsagital plane