Chapter 18
A client with known mitral stenosis presents with left-sided weakness and slurred speech. What would a nurse suspect as the cause of the client's clinical presentation? Diminished coronary artery blood flow An embolic stroke Diminished blood volume in the pulmonary artery Pulmonary hypertension
An embolic stroke
Leigh, a 62-year-old patient with pulmonary hypertension, is a current patient. She appears to be doing well. Leigh does not have jugular vein distention, ascites, or ankle edema.Upon auscultation, you detect a Graham Steell murmur following S2. The murmur is detected in second intercostal space, left sternal border, and is high-pitched and blowing.What valve disorder does Leigh have?
Pulmonic insufficiency
Systemic edema and jugular vein distention may result from ______________. Select all that apply. pulmonic valve stenosis mitral valve insufficiency mitral valve stenosis aortic valve stenosis tricuspid valve insufficiency
Pulmonic valve stenosis Tricuspid valve insufficiency
John arrives at the acute care center complaining of fatigue that worsens when he tries to exercise. He complains that he can't catch his breath and must sleep with several pillows to facilitate breathing. John has a history of rheumatic fever. The health care provider orders laboratory work, an ECG, and echocardiogram. Findings include left ventricle dilatation and left ventricular impulse displacement. Auscultation reveals a murmur in the third intercostal space, pronounced during diastole with diastolic thrill.Which valve disorder does John have?
Aortic insufficiency
William comes to the emergency department complaining of dyspnea, chest pain, and syncope upon exertion. He states that he is worried because his condition seems to be worsening. William is 72 years old and has a history of cardiac issues. In addition to blood laboratory work and an ECG, the physician orders an echocardiogram. Echocardiogram results reveal left ventricular enlargement and left ventricular hypertrophy. Auscultation reveals a systolic murmur with an opening snap. The murmur ends at S2.What valve disorder does William have?
Aortic stenosis
Which of the following are systolic murmurs? Select all that apply. Aortic valve stenosis Mitral valve stenosis Mitral valve insufficiency Pulmonic valve stenosis Tricuspid valve insufficiency
Aortic valve stenosis Mitral valve insufficiency Pulmonic valve stenosis Tricuspid valve induffieciency
In relation to the S1 and S2 heart sounds, which of the following statements are true? Select all that apply. Diastole occurs between S2 and S1. Systole occurs immediately prior to S1. Systole occurs between S1 and S2. S1 marks the end of diastole. S2 marks the end of systole.
Diastole occurs between S2 and S1 Systole occurs between S1 and S2 S1 marks the end of diastole S2 marks the end of systole
Helen, age 58, is a former schoolteacher with a history of rheumatic fever. She is currently on anticoagulant therapy and beta blockers for her valve disorder. Auscultation over the apex revealed a murmur present during diastole and appearing with an opening snap. Helen complains of dyspnea on exertion and extreme fatigue "whenever she tries to do anything."What valve disorder does Helen have?
Mitral stenosis
On a routine physical examination, Sadie's health care provider heard a systolic murmur with a midsystolic click. Sadie has no other apparent signs. The cause of her underlying issue is myxomatous degeneration of the valve due to unknown reasons. At this point, no treatment is needed for Sadie's disorder.Which valve disorder does Sadie have?
Mitral valve prolapse
Paul recently suffered a bout of infectious endocarditis. He is at high risk for this disease because he is an intravenous drug user. In his most recent appointment, auscultation revealed a diastolic murmur over the left lower sternal border. When Paul was asked to take a deep breath, the murmur was more pronounced. In addition, physical assessment revealed a slight jugular vein distention.What valve disorder is Paul experiencing?
Tricuspid stenosis