Chapter 18 Classification (Sections 1 & 3)

Domain: Bacteria

Kingdom: Eubacteria Examples: Streptoccoccus, Eschericha coli

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Fungi Examples: Mushrooms, yeasts

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Plantae Examples: Mosses, ferns, flowering plants

What type of organisms were later placed in the kingdom Protista?

Microorganisms.

What type of analyses have scientists used to group modern organisms into domains?

Molecular analyses have given rise to a new taxonomic category that is now recognized by many scientists.

List the two groups into which the Monera have been separated.

a) Eubacteria b) Archaebacteria

List the three domains.

a) Eukarya. b) Bacteria. c) Archaea.

Fill in the name of each missing taxonomic category in the chart below. a) ____ = Chordata b) ____ = Mammalia c) ____ = Carnivora d) ____ = Ursidae e) ____ = Ursus

a) Phylum = Chordata b) Class = Mammalia c) Order = Carnivora d) Family = Ursidae e) Genus = Ursus

Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about members of the domain Archaea. a) They are unicellular. b) They are eukaryotes. c) They lack cell walls. d) They lack cell membranes.

a) They are unicellular.

Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about all the members of the domain Eukarya. a) They have a nucleus. b) They are multicellular. c) They are heterotrophs. d) They have cell walls and chloroplasts.

a) They have a nucleus.

Match each kingdom with the description that applies to members of that kingdom. (Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia) a) They have cell walls of chitin. b) They have no cell walls or chloroplasts. c) They include slime molds and giant kelp. d) They include mosses and ferns.

a) They have cell walls of chitin.- Fungi b) They have no cell walls or chloroplasts.- Animalia c) They include slime molds and giant kelp.- Protista d) They include mosses and ferns.- Plantae

Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about binomial nomenclature. a) The system is no longer in use today. b) Each species is assigned a two-part scientific name. c) The scientific name is always written in italics. d) The second part of the scientific name is capitalized.

b) Each species is assigned a two-part scientific name. c) The scientific name is always written in italics.

Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about early efforts at naming organisms. a) Names were usually in English. b) Names often described detailed physical characteristics of a species. c) Names could be very long. d) It was difficult to standardize the names.

b) Names often described detailed physical characteristics of a species. c) Names could be very long. d) It was difficult to standardize the names.

Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about members of the domain Bacteria. a) They are multicellular. b) They are prokaryotes. c) They have rigid cell walls. d) The cell walls contain peptidoglycans.

b) They are prokaryotes. c) They have rigid cell walls. d) The cell walls contain peptidoglycans.

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Protists Examples: Amoeba, Paramecium, slime molds, giant kelp

Why is it confusing to refer to organisms by common name?

It is confusing to refer to organisms by a common name because different species sometimes share a single common name. (buzzard= referred to hawk or vulture)

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Animalia Examples: Sponges, worms, insects, fishes, mammals

A more inclusive category than any other, including the kingdom, is the ____.

A more inclusive category than any other, including the kingdom, is the domain.

What two kingdoms did Linnaeus name?

Animalia and Plantae.

What fundamental traits did Linnaeus use to separate plants from animals?

Animals were mobile organisms that used food for energy. Plants were green, photosynthetic organisms that used energy from the sun.

The two-word naming system developed by Linnaeus is called...

Binomial nomenclature.

True or False? All members of the domain Bacteria are parasites.

False.

True or False? In a good system of classification, organisms placed into a particular group are less similar to each other than they are to organisms in other groups.

False.

True or False? The scientific view of life was more complex in Linnaeus's time.

False.

Mushrooms, yeast, and molds have been placed in their own kingdom, which is called...

Fungi.

Domain: Archaea

Kingdom: Archaebacteria Examples: Methanogens, halophiles

Why did scientists place bacteria in their own kingdom, the Monera?

Scientists realized that bacteria lack the nuclei, mitochondria, and chloroplasts found in other forms of life.

A group or level of organization in taxonomy is called a taxonomic category, or...

Taxon.

The science of classifying organisms and assigning them universally accepted names is known as...

Taxonomy.

Complete the concept map: The Six-kingdom System The Six-kingdom System includes Animalia, Archaebacteria, ____, ____, ____, and ____.

The Six-kingdom System includes Animalia, Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, and Plantae.

What is the genus of the grizzly bear, Ursus arctos?

The genus of the grizzly bear, Ursus arctos is Ursus, the genus to which the organism belongs.

The largest taxonomic category in Linnaeus's system of classification is the ____, and the smallest is the ____.

The largest taxonomic category in Linnaeus's system of classification is the kingdom, and the smallest is the species.

Why do biologists use a classification system to study the diversity of life?

To study the diversity of life, biologists use a classification system to name organisms and group them into a logical manner.

True or False? Many members of the domain Archaea can survive only in the absence of oxygen.

True.