Chapter 18 Federal Judiciary Practice Test

disagrees with the Supreme Court's majority opinion

dissenting opinion

___________ courts handles the most federal cases

district

_________________ courts handle the most federal cases

district

federal court in every state

district court

when only a federal court can hear a case

exclusive jurisdiction

Which is a belief of those who support judicial activism?

interpret the Constitution by taking into account ongoing changes in society

____________ was set up by Article III of the Constitution

judicial branch

A judge that follows precedent and the original intent of the law supports what?

judicial restraint

The Supreme court claimed ______________ ________________ in Marbury v. Madison

judicial review

allows the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional

judicial review

explains a Supreme Court decision

majority opinion

A case involving the robbery of a grocery store would have __________ court jurisdiction rather than a _________ court.

state, federal

What committee holds hearings to consider the qualifications of the appointee after the President appoints a new Supreme Court Justice?

the Senate Judiciary Committee

_____________________ can exercise both original and appellate jurisdiction

the Supreme Court

Federal appeals court judges hear appeals cases from district courts. What would happen if the appeals court decided that a trial by a district court was fair?

the district court's decision would stand

The U.S. district courts are

the federal trial courts

Why is the Supreme Court's decision in the case Marbury v. Madison important today?

because it allowed the Supreme Court to overrule an unconstitutional law

a federal case on a noncriminal matter

civil case

_____________ jurisdiction allows a state or a federal court to hear a case

concurrent

power shared by federal and state courts

concurrent jurisdiction

supports the Supreme Court's majority opinion

concurring opinion

a federal case in which a law was broken

criminal case

person against whom a complaint is made

defendant

Why is the court system in the United States called a dual court system?

It has both state and federal courts.

How is the federal district court for the District of Columbia different from the other federal district courts?

It hears local cases as well as constitutional cases

created by Article II, Section 1 of the Constitution

Supreme Court

hears appeals from the courts of appeal

Supreme Court

True or false: Appellate courts may overrule or modify decisions of lower courts

True

What was a problem of the state court system under the articles of Confederation?

Each state interpreted the laws differently

_______________ must confirm federal judges

Senate

approves appointments to the Supreme Court

Senate

How is the appointment of a Supreme Court justice made?

The President appoints the justice; the Senate approves it

What does the Constitution say about how a federal judge can be removed from office

The judge must be removed by the impeachment process

What does it mean when a Supreme Court justice issues a dissenting opinion?

The justice disagrees with the majority opinion

What is required for the Supreme Court to reach a decision?

a majority vote of the nine justices

_______________ courts greatly reduce the number of cases the Supreme Court has to hear

appeals

hears most of the federal appeals cases

appellate court

court power to review lower court decisions

appellate jurisdiction

A president who wants to see court rulings changed to reflect his or her values would most likely

appoint a proponent of judicial activism

person who rules a suit

plantiff

judicial decision that stands as an example

precedent

Based on the diagram, what is the main purpose of the federal appellate courts?

to hear appeals from lower courts

True or false: the Supreme Curt's decisions are final and cannot be hard again

true