Chapter 19 Blood
1) Plasma is closest in composition to
E) interstitial fluid.
51) If bile ducts are blocked,
A) more bilirubin appears in the plasma.
100) The most numerous WBCs in a differential count of a healthy individual are
A) neutrophils.
93) The most numerous white blood cells in peripheral circulation are the
A) neutrophils.
84) A cross-match test is performed between donor blood and recipient blood, even though the ABO and Rh blood types match between the two because
A) there are many more surface antigens on red blood cells other than A, B and Rh.
18) Blood volume represents about ________ percent of a person's body weight.
A)7
50) In which of the following situations would you expect the blood level of bilirubin to be elevated?
B) an alcoholic with a damaged liver
34) Jane has been taking the antibiotic chloramphenicol for a few weeks as treatment for a serious bacterial infection. There is a possibility that a future side effect of long-term antibiotic therapy could cause her to develop problems in blood cell counts. The result is
B) aplastic anemia.
73) When hemoglobin does not have oxygen bound to hemoglobin it is termed
B) deoxyhemoglobin.
97) White blood cells that are increased in allergic individuals are the
B) eosinophils.
33) You have spent 24 hours traveling from the U.S to New Zealand, on quite a few airplanes with many stops. Because of the stress, changes in time zones, and short blocks of time between planes, you find yourself tired with a headache when you arrive. You are severely dehydrated. A hematocrit value of your blood would be ________ than normal because ________.
B) higher; you have less blood plasma volume
46) Eileen is a strict vegan and therefore eats no animal products. She develops an anemia that her doctor thinks is caused by a nutritional deficiency. Which of the following is the likeliest candidate?
B) iron-deficiency anemia
44) The average life span of a red blood cell is
C) 4 months.
19) Thyroid-binding globulin is an example of which kind of plasma protein?
C) hormone-binding
24) Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the
C) immunoglobulins.
30) In an emergency situation, a patient may be given plasma expanders while blood typing occurs. The plasma expanders are used to
C) increase blood volume and maintain osmolarity.
42) An obstruction in blood flow to the kidneys would result in
C) increased erythropoiesis.
83) Which of the following combinations may result in the hemolytic disease of the newborn?
C) mother Rh negative, baby Rh positive
62) In adults, erythropoiesis exclusively takes place in
C) red bone marrow.
9) The most abundant component of plasma is
C) water.
4) The combination of plasma and formed elements is called
C) whole blood.
48) Each heme ring in hemoglobin encloses an atom of
C)iron
92) All of the following are true of neutrophils except that they are
D) important in coagulation.
47) In adults, the only site of red blood cell production, and the primary site of white blood cell formation, is the
D) red bone marrow.
91) The process of lymphopoiesis occurs mainly in the
D) red bone marrow.
29) Blood that has clotting proteins removed is termed
D) serum.
76) Hydroxyurea is a common drug treatment for sickle cell anemia patients. Hydroxyurea improves sickle cell symptoms because it
D) stimulates the production of fetal hemoglobin improving oxygen transport.
90) In an emergency situation when you have no time to wait for cross-matched blood you could give a patient type ________ until the cross-match is available.
B) O negative
81) Anti-D antibodies are present in the blood of
B) Rh negative individuals who have been exposed to the D surface antigen.
3) Which of the following statements about blood is false?
B) The normal pH of blood is 6.8 to 7.0.
86) The clumping of red blood cells, when the specific antibody against the antigen on the cells is added, is called
B) agglutination.
82) Antigens of the surface of red blood cells are also called ________ and antibodies in the blood plasma are also called ________.
B) agglutinogens; agglutinins
28) The protein(s) that are the major contributors to plasma osmolarity is/are
B) albumins.
25) A plasma protein essential for blood clotting is
B) fibrinogen.
17) Approximately 45 percent of blood volume is composed of the
B) formed elements.
40) Surgical removal of the stomach could cause
B) pernicious anemia.
64) The developmental stage at which erythrocytes enter the circulation is as
B) reticulocytes.
58) A bruise appears as a greenish spot in the skin because
B) the heme group in the hemoglobin has broken down into biliverdin.
79) People with type AB blood are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because
B) their blood lacks A or B agglutinins.
7) Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood, except a
B) viscosity about the same as water.
8) The total volume of blood in the body of a 76-kg man is approximately ________ liters.
C) 5.3
54) ________ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced.
C) Anemia
98) A hormone that stimulates production of granulocytes and monocytes is
C) GM-CSF.
80) Type AB blood has which of the following characteristics?
C) RBCs have both the A & B surface antigens and no ABO plasma antibodies.
37) Which of the following statements concerning red blood cells is false?
C) Red cells are about 18 μm in diameter.
39) The disease sickle cell anemia is an example of what can happen if
C) a gene for adult hemoglobin is abnormal.
5) Whole blood for testing in a clinical laboratory is usually collected from
C) a superficial vein.
23) The most abundant proteins in blood plasma are
C) albumins.
85) Type A blood has ________ antibodies in the blood plasma.
C) anti-B
13) Which of the following is not one of the formed elements of blood?
C) antibodies
94) White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are
C) basophils.
66) Erythropoiesis is stimulated when
C) blood flow to the kidney declines.
36) Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone
C) erythropoietin.
15) A hematocrit provides information on
C) formed elements abundance.
67) Each hemoglobin molecule contains
C) four iron atoms.
26) All of the following are functions of blood except
C) generating action potentials.
60) The waste product bilirubin is produced from
C) heme molecules lacking iron.
52) More than 95 percent of the protein in a red blood cell is
C) hemoglobin.
96) Which of the following descriptions best matches the term colony stimulating factor?
C) hormone that regulates white blood cell formation
74) When hemoglobin is saturated with oxygen atoms it is termed
C) oxyhemoglobin.
70) Erythropoietin is a hormone
C) released by the kidneys to stimulate red blood cell production.
56) Which of the following would you expect to see in increased numbers in a peripheral blood sample after donating a unit of blood?
C) reticulocytes
12) A typical adult hematocrit is
D) 45.
88) You have type B positive blood. What are all the types of packed RBCs you can receive?
D) B positive, B negative, O positive, O negative
21) Which plasma protein transports fatty acids and some hormones?
D) albumin
63) The process of red blood cell production is called
D) erythropoiesis.
2) The percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the
D) hematocrit.
6) Consider the following results from a blood lab test. Which value is most likely abnormal?
D) hemoglobin10.7 g/100 ml
31) Antibodies are what type of plasma protein?
D) immunoglobulin
55) Pernicious anemia caused by a lack of intrinsic factor is specifically treated by
D) injections of vitamin B12.
43) The level of erythropoietin in the blood would rise due to all of the following except
D) periods of fasting.
78) A person's blood type is determined by the
D) presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane.
11) The chief difference between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the concentration of
D) proteins.
61) Most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is
D) recycled to the red bone marrow.
35) All the circulating red blood cells in an adult originate in the
D) red bone marrow.
89) The most common blood type is
D) type O.
16) You are caring for an adult patient who weighs 48 kg. What would her approximate blood volume be?
E) 3.8 L
71) Which of the following is not a way that red blood cell shape is significant?
E) It enables red blood cells to phagocytose bacteria.
99) Monocytes can be stimulated by which of the following colony-stimulating factors?
E) M-CSF, GM-CSF, multi-CSF
95) ________ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells.
E) Monocytes
27) In what way does blood assist in immune function?
E) Plasma antibodies and white blood cells defend against pathogens.
65) ________ are immature erythrocytes that are present in the circulation.
E) Reticulocytes
45) The function of red blood cells is to
E) carry oxygen to the cells and then carry away carbon dioxide.
68) Reticulocytes complete their development into ________ in the circulation.
E) erythrocytes
38) Which of these proteins functions to store or transport iron?
E) ferritin, hemosiderin, and transferrin
49) Excess iron is stored in the liver and spleen as
E) hemosiderin and ferritin.
41) Mary is tested for the amount of hemoglobin in her blood. The test results indicate that her hemoglobin level is 16 g/dL of blood. This value indicates that.
E) her hemoglobin level is normal.
22) Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins?
E) liver
77) During fetal development the primary site(s) of red blood cell production is/are
E) liver and spleen.
32) The primary reason males have a higher hematocrit than females is because
E) males have androgens.
59) Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in the
E) spleen, liver, and bone marrow.
14) Plasma composes about ________ percent of whole blood and water composes ________ percent of the plasma volume.
A) 55; 92
72) Which of the following is true regarding red blood cells?
A) They are anucleate
75) When carbon dioxide is bound to hemoglobin it is termed
A) carbaminohemoglobin.
53) The function of hemoglobin is to
A) carry dissolved blood gases.
69) Which mature cell has no nucleus, no mitochondria and no ribosomes?
A) erythrocyte
87) Jane has Type A blood; therefore, she
A) has antibodies to B agglutinogens.
57) A red blood cell that contains excessive amounts of hemoglobin would be called
A) hyperchromic.
10) A person who has a low blood volume is said to be
A) hypovolemic.
20) Transferrin is an example of which kind of plasma protein?
A) metalloprotein
