Chapter 19 - Senses: General and Special

Through which cranial nerves does gustatory information travel?

- CN 7 - CN 9

Which of the following are correct names for the tube that connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx?

- Eustachian tube - Pharyngotympanic tube - Auditory tube

Which of the following would stimulate somatic nociceptors?

- Exposure to acid on the skin - Sprained ankle - Touching a hot pan

Order the regions of the ear from lateral to medial.

- External ear - Middle ear - Inner ear

Which of the following are functions of the inner ear?

- Hearing - Balance

Which of the following are true of an acoustic neuroma?

- It is a benign tumor - It can be caused by exposure to loud music

Which of the following are semicircular canals?

- Lateral - Posterior - Anterior

Which terms indicate a receptor type that is classified by its modality of stimulus?

- Mechanoreceptors - Thermoreceptors - Chemoreceptors

A detached retina is caused by a separation between which two layers?

- Neural layer of the retina - Pigmented layer of the retina

Which of the following are examples of olfactory cells?

- Olfactory cells - Supporting cells - Basal cells

Which of the following is a location where Krause bulbs are located?

- Oral cavity - Nasal cavity

Aqueous humor is secreted into the __________ chamber before traveling to the __________ chamber of the eye.

- Posterior - Anterior

What does the Sclera do?

- Provides for eye shape - Is made of dense connective tissue

The __________, the black hole in the eye, is surrounded by the colorful _________.

- Pupil - Iris

Which of the following are examples of encapsulated receptors?

- Ruffini corpuscles - Krause bulbs

Which of the following are a part of the fibrous tunic?

- Sclera - Cornea

What structures make up the vestibular complex?

- Semicircular canals - Utricle - Saccule

Where are mechanoreceptors found?

- Skin - Ear

Which of the following structures contain exteroceptors?

- Skin - Oral cavity

Which are examples of both somatic and visceral sensory receptors?

- Temperature - Chemical - Pressure

Which of the following muscles are located within the middle ear?

- Tensor tympani - Stapedius

These are true of rods.

- There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye. - They function well in dim light.

Which of the following are true of the olfactory hairs?

- They are unmyelinated - They are immobile

What are receptors for the general senses?

- Touch - Pain - Temperature

Which are true of the cornea?

- Transparent - Avascular

What are the types of papillae?

- Vallate - Foliate - Filiform - Fungiform

Order the structures of the eye fromsuperficial to deep.

1) Choroid 2) Photoreceptors 3) Horizontal cells 4) Bipolar cells

Order the layers of the eye from superficial to deep.

1) Fibrous tunic 2) Vascular tunic 3) Retina

Order the structures of the vascular tunic from anterior to posterior.

1) Iris 2) Ciliary body 3) Choroid

Order these structures in the order that the tears travel through them/

1) Lacrimal puncta 2) Lacrimal canaliculus 3) Lacrimal sac 4) Nasolacrimal duct

Order the auditory ossicles from lateral to medial.

1) Malleus 2) Incus 3) Stapes

Order these structures from superficial to deep.

1) Sclera 2) Choroid 3) Pigmented layer 4) Neural layer

Each eye has __________ lacrimal puncta.

2

How many auditory ossicles are found in each ear?

3

Gustatory cells have a __________ lifespan.

7-10 day

__________ of the eye is receded into the orbit.

80%

The tympanic cavity is filled with:

Air

What is the function of the auditory ossicles?

Amplify sound

What chamber is between the iris and cornea?

Anterior chamber

Equilibrium is the anatomical name of:

Balance

Taste buds are made of gustatory cells, supporting cells, and __________ cells.

Basal

Gustatory cells are found in taste __________.

Buds

Earwax is a combination of dead skin cells and __________.

Cerumen

__________ are receptors that detect chemicals.

Chemoreceptors

What is the largest structure of the vascular tunic?

Choroid

Which structure is filled with pigment from melanocytes?

Choroid

The junction of the palpebral and ocular conjunctive is called the:

Conjunctival fornix

Chemoreceptors

Detect chemicals

Photoreceptors

Detect light

Baroceptors

Detect pressure change

Thermoceptors

Detect temperature

Nociceptors

Detect tissue damage

Cutaneous receptors are a type of __________.

Exteroceptors

What type of receptor is found in the mucous membranes?

Exteroceptors

Hyperopia

Farsightedness

In a taste bud the basal cells replace the __________ cells.

Gustatory

Audition is the anatomical name of:

Hearing

The vitreous body is also called the vitreous __________.

Humor

Where are the photoreceptors located?

In the neural layer of the retina.

Where is the cochlea located?

Inner ear

Specific types of receptors called __________ detect stimuli in the internal organs.

Interoceptors

What structure is the dividing line between the anterior and posterior chambers?

Iris

Where are proprioceptors found?

Joints

Where are tears created?

Lacrimal apparatus

The nasolacrimal duct is found on the __________ side of the nose.

Lateral

The suspensory ligaments connect the __________ to the ciliary muscles.

Lens

What structure focuses incoming light onto the retina?

Lens

Tears contain an antibiotic-like enzyme called __________.

Lysozyme

Tactile receptors are a type of:

Mechanoreceptor

Stapedius is the name of a:

Muscle

Myopia

Nearsightedness

Emmetropia

Normal vision

Olfactory basal cells replace:

Olfactory cells

What structure creates a "blind spot"?

Optic disc

The lacrimal gland is made of two parts, the palpebral part and the __________ part.

Orbital

The eyelids are also called _________.

Palpebrae

Free nerve endings are usually found in the:

Papillary layer of the dermis

What type of receptor detects changes in light?

Photoreceptors

Which layer of the retina provides vitamin A for the photoreceptor cells?

Pigmented layer

What type of receptor monitors changes in position?

Proprioception

As tears drain through the lacrimal caruncle they enter small holes called the lacrimal __________.

Puncta

Specialized free nerve endings that surround hair follicles are called __________ hair plexuses.

Root

The vestibule contains two structures, the utricle and __________.

Saccule

What structure makes up the posterior portion of the fibrous tunic?

Sclera

Tarsal glands are __________.

Sebaceous glands

Vision is the anatomical name of:

Sight

Olfaction is also known as remote __________.

Smell

Olfaction is the anatomical name of:

Smell

Which auditory ossicle contacts the oval window?

Stapes

Changes in the external and internal environment are called:

Stimuli

The __________ ligaments connect the ciliary body to the lense.

Suspensory

Gustation is the anatomical name of:

Taste

Gustation is the sense of __________.

Taste

Neurons in the olfactory bulb travel through the olfactory _________ to the brain.

Tract

True or False: The primary purpose of the eyebrows is to keep sweat out of the eyes.

True

What type of papillae is the largest and least numerous?

Vallate

The conjunctiva is:

Vascular

Which layer of the eye contains the blood and lymph vessels?

Vascular tunic

Interoceptors are also called __________ receptors.

Visceral

In the eye, the __________ humor is gelatinous.

Vitreous