Chapter 2: ADA

ADA Title 1 (I)

Employment issues. Cannot be refused employment based on disability or health issues. MUST provide accommodation for their disability.

Purpose of ADA

Encourage & Promote the rehabilitation of persons with disabilities. Eliminate unnecessary architectural barriers for persons with disabilities. Enable an individual to engage in gainful occupation without restrictions. Enable individuals to achieve maximum personal independence without restrictions.

Department of Justice

Enforces/Administers ADA. Enforcement is driven by consumer complaints.

detention and correctional facilities.

Where are areas of refugee not required?

be ada compliant

both parking lots and parking structures are required to

Stair treads

11" Deep MIN

protrude more than 4" off the wall.

Anything on a wall above 27" must not. . .

Site arrival point

At least one accessible route shall be provided within the site from accessible parking spaces and accessible passenger loading zones; public streets and sidewalks; and public transportation stops to the accessible building or facility entrance they serve

are on the same site.

At least one accessible route shall connect accessible buildings, accessible facilities, accessible elements, and accessible spaces that. . . .

the appropriate Administrative Authority

Fire doors shall have a minimum opening force allowable by. . .

Floor & ground surfaces

Floor and ground surfaces shall be stable, firm, and slip resistant and shall comply with 302. EXCEPTIONS: 1. Within animal containment areas, floor and ground surfaces shall not be required to be stable, firm, and slip resistant. 2. Areas of sport activity shall not be required to comply with 302

Employee work areas, or portions of employee work areas, other than raised courtroom stations, that are less than 300 square feet and elevated 7 inches or more above the finish floor or ground where the elevation is essential to the function of the space

what employee work areas are not required to be on an accessible route?

Design professional

who has overall responsibility for the design shall submit the plans & specifications required under the TABA not later than the 20th day after the date the person issues the plans & specifications.

true

work areas less than 1000 square feet DO NOT need to meet ada requirements. (true/false)

1990

year ADA was passed

Commercial facilities located in private residence

(pg. 19) 1. the portion of the residence used exclusively as a residence is not covered by this subpart, but that portion used exclusively in the operation of the commercial facility or that portion used both for the commercial facility & for residential purposes is covered by the new construction & alterations requirements of this subpart. THE PART OF YOUR HOME USED FOR LIVING DOES NOT HAVE TO BE ADA COMPLIANT, BUT THE PART THAT IS USED AS AN OFFICE/BUSINESS AREA SHOULD BE ADA. 2. The portion of the residence covered under parag(b)(1) of this section extends to those elements used to enter the commercial facility, including the homeowner's FRONT SIDEWALK, IF ANY, THE DOOR OR ENTRYWAY, & HALLWAYS; & THOSE PORTIONS OF THE RESIDENCE, INTERIOR OR EXTERIOR, AVAILABLE TO OR USED BY EMPLOYEES OR VISITORS OF THE COMMERCIAL FACILITY, INCLUDING RESTROOMS.

unobstructed forward reach

15"-48"

children's forward/side reach ranges

Ages 3 & 4: 20"-36" Ages 5 - 8: 18"-40" Ages 9 - 12: 16"-44"

absolute

Dimensions that are not stated as "maximum" or "minimum" are. . .

ADA Title 4 (IV)

Telecommunication

Application

Tells you how to use the standards (ch.1)

Mirrors

Mirrors located above lavatories or countertops shall be installed with the bottom edge of the reflecting surface 40" MAX AFF. Mirrors not located above lavatories or countertops shall be installed with the bottom edge of the reflecting surface 35" MAX AFF

ADA Title 5 (V)

Miscellaneous

Object protrusion limits

Objects with leading edges between 27 inches - 80 inches above the finish floor or ground shall protrude 4 inches maximum horizontally into the circulation path. EXCEPTION: Handrails shall be permitted to protrude 4½ inches maximum

34" MIN and 48" MAX above the finish floor or ground.

Operable parts of door & gate hardware shall be. . .

TABA

Texas Architectural Barriers Act is a state law where accessibility is tied in with construction. Sets forth requirements for building officials, building owners, & design professionals. State Law. Construction Law/Building Code (triggered by construction). Only applies to buildings & facilities that are newly constructed, renovated, or modified. Requires project registration with the state, plan review, & inspection of subject facilities. Accessibility compliance is pursued throughout the process. Administered/Enforced by TDLR. Driven by consumer, industry, & Department complaints.

Where exceptions for alterations to qualified historic buildings or facilities are permitted by 202.5, no more than one accessible route from a site arrival point to an accessible entrance shall be required. An accessible route shall not be required between site arrival points and the building or facility entrance if the only means of access between them is a vehicular way not providing pedestrian access

When does the site arrival point not have to have an accessible path to an accessible entrance?

226.1

Where dining surfaces are provided for the consumption of food or drink, at least 5 percent of the seating spaces and standing spaces at the dining surfaces shall comply with 902. In addition, where work surfaces are provided for use by other than employees, at least 5 percent shall comply with 902 exceptions: sales counters/service counters. check writing surfaces.

restaurants and cafeterias

an accessible route shall be provided to all dining areas, including raised or sunken dining areas, and outdoor dining areas in where?

233.2

any units by the Department of Housing and Urban Development, accessible units must provide MOBILITY FEATURES, ACCESSIBLE ROUTES, and COMMUNICATION FEATURES

Check out aisles

counter height 38" 2" max protective edge Number of Aisles VS. minimum # accessible 1-4= 1 5-8= 2 9-15= 3 16 and over= 3 plus 20% of additional aisles Exception: spaces under 5,000 SQFT no more than 1 checkout isle is required

At least one

how many accessible routes shall connect each story and mezzanine in multi-story buildings and facilities?

Exception for structural impracticability

pg. 19

Within areas of sport activity Within play areas provided that ground level accessible routes provide vertical clearance in compliance with 1008.2.

protruding objects on circulation paths shall not be required to comply with 307 when. . . .

Projects with an estimated cost of 50k or more

required to be submitted for plan review & inspection typically.

New Construction

requires FULL compliance with standards

Ramp extensions at top & bottom

shall extend 12" beyond the run of the ramp. Extensions shall return to a wall, guard, or the landing surface, or shall be continuous to the handrail of an adjacent ramp run.

Door openings

shall have a clear width of 32" MIN. (Clear openings of doorways with swinging doors shall be measured between the face of the door and the stop, with the door open 90 degrees) Openings more than 24" deep shall provide a clear opening of 36" MIN. Projections into the clear opening width must be 34" min AFF & 80" MAX, & shall not protrude more than 4"

Title 2 & title 3. . . .

technical requirements are the same. Their scope is different. regulations that apply most often to interior projects.

Water Closet/toilet location

-The water closet shall be positioned with a wall or partition to the rear end to one side. The centerline of the water closet shall be 16" MIN to 18" MAX from the side wall or partition. -The water closet shall be 17" MIN and 19" MAX from the sidewall or partition in the ambulatory accessible toilet compartment

Unobstructed side reach

15"-48" 10" MAX obstruction is permitted

Obstructed High reach

Obstruction cannot be more than 34" AFF (top of washing machines can be up to 36" AFF) Where the obstruction is more than 10" deep, the reach cannot be more than 48". Where the obstruction is 10"-24" deep, The reach cannot be more than 46"

Technical

Tells you specifics about how to make an element accessible. (building blocks, accessible routes, building elements, plumbing, etc.) (ch. 3-10)

Scoping

Tells you what & how many need to be accessible (ch. 2)

TAS

Texas Accessibility Standards. Developed from ADAAG by TDLR (Texas department of Licensing & Regulation). Certified by US DOJ as equivalent to ADAAG for title 3 of ADA. Applies to all categories of buildings & Facilities covered by the act.

Circular Space

The turning space shall be a space of 60 inches (5') diameter minimum. The space shall be permitted to include knee and toe clearance complying with 306

the continuous application of force necessary to fully open a door, not the initial force needed to overcome the inertia of the door.

What does the "maximum force" to operate a door pertain to?

Handrails

What is an exception to the 4" protruding objects from wall?

Door hardware that can be operated with a closed fist or a loose grip accommodates the greatest range of users. Hardware that requires simultaneous hand and finger movements require greater dexterity and coordination, and is not recommended

What is the best type of door hardware to spec?

30" minimum by 40" minimum

What is the clear minimum space required?

An accessible route shall not be required between accessible buildings, accessible facilities, accessible elements, and accessible spaces if the only means of access between them is a vehicular way not providing pedestrian access.

What is the exception to having an accessible route within a site?

1/2 inch maximum

What is the maximum height for pile height in carpet?

2 One drinking fountain shall comply with 602.1 through 602.6 and one drinking fountain shall comply with 602.7

What is the minimum number of drinking fountains needed?

5 pounds MAX

What is the required force to activate operable parts with one hand & not require tight grasping, pinching, or twisting of the wrist?

Common use circulation paths located within employee work areas that are less than 1000 square feet and defined by permanently installed partitions, counters, casework, or furnishings Common use circulation paths located within employee work areas that are an integral component of work area equipment Common use circulation paths located within exterior employee work areas that are fully exposed to the weather

What types of employee work areas are not required to comply with section 402?

Where a single drinking fountain complies with 602.1 through 602.6(wheelchair) and 602.7(standing), it shall be permitted to be substituted for two separate drinking fountains

When can only one drinking fountain be provided?

Building owners & tenants

are required to comply with title 3. Public accommodations & commercial facilities are covered by title 3.

Texas Department of Licensing & regulation

enforces TABA

Existing buildings

expected to be brought into the level of compliance that was "readily achievable" by two years after the implementation of ADAAG.

Architects, Interior designers, landscape architects, & engineers

have overall responsibility to comply with TABA & for a project of a constructed or reconstructed building or facility are subject to compliance with the TABA.

50% shall comply with 602.1 through 602.6(wheelchair) & 50% shall comply with 602.7 (standing)

how many drinking fountains must be compliant when there are more than the minimum?

ADAAG

Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines. Developed by the ATBCB for title 3 of the ADA. Mayb be used for title 2 of ADA except the elevator exemption does not apply.

ADA

Americans with Disabilities Act. Federal Law, civil rights law. generally no requirements for plan review, or inspection, although federally funded projects may require review or inspection prior to release of federal funds. Applies to Existing buildings as well as newly constructed, renovated, modifies, or altered buildings including: facilities for public/govt entities, private entities defined as public accommodations, & commercial.

Passing Spaces

An accessible route with the clear with less than 60" shall provide passing spaces at intervals of 200 feet MAX. passing spaces shall be either a space 60" x 60" MIN or an intersection of two walking services providing a T-shaped space extending 48" Min beyond intersection

Adult dimensions & anthropometrics

What are the technical requirements based on?

Public Entities

Required to comply with title 2. Public entities include any state or local government & any of its departments, agencies, or other instrumentalities. All activities, services, & programs of public entites are covered including activities of state legislatures & courts, town meetings, police & fire departments, motor vehicle licensing, & employment.

Stair Risers

Risers shall be 4" high MIN and 7" high MAX

Clear width of walking surfaces

36"

Hinge approach, push side

42" deep 22" beyond latch side

Push door front approach, push side with latch & closer

48" deep 12" beyond latch side

Pull Door Front approach

60" deep 18" beyond latch side

Hinge Approach, Pull Side

60" deep 36" beyond latch side

UNIFORM

All steps in a flight must be. . .

ATBCB

Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board

Stair bottom handrail extension

At the bottom of a stair flight, handrails shall extend at the slope of the stair flight for a horizontal distance at least equal to one tread depth beyond the last riser nosing. Extension shall return to a wall, guard, or the landing surface, or shall be continuous to the handrail of an adjacent stair flight.

Stair top handrail extension

At the top of a stair flight, handrails shall extend horizontally above the landing for 12" MIN beginning directly above the first riser nosing. Extensions shall return to a wall, guard, or the landing surface, or shall be continuous to the handrail of an adjacent stair flight

Level changes (beveled)

Changes in level between ¼ inch high minimum and ½ inch high maximum shall be beveled with a slope not steeper than 1:2

Level changes (ramps)

Changes in level greater than ½ inch high shall be ramped, and shall comply with 405 or 406

Level changes (vertical)

Changes in level of ¼ inch high maximum shall be permitted to be vertical

Clear floor space of drinking fountains

Clear floor or ground space shall be 30" minimum by 48" minimum

Coat hooks & shelves

Coat hooks shall be in reach ranges specified earlier. shelves shall be between 40" & 48" AFF

Fire alarm systems

Fire alarm systems shall have permanently installed audible and visible alarms complying with NFPA 72

1 to 25 - 1 26 to 50 - 2 51 to 75 - 3 76 to 100 - 4 101 to 150 - 5 151 to 200 - 6 201 to 300 - 7 301 to 400 - 8 401 to 500 - 9 501 to 1000 - 2 percent of total 1001 and over - 20, plus 1 for each 100, or fraction thereof, over 1000

How many parking spots are required to be ada compliant?

60% of all public entrances

How many public entrances must be ADA compliant?

4 to 25 - 1 26 to 50 - 2 51 to 150 - 4 151 to 300 - 5 301 to 500 - 6 501 to 5000 - 6, plus 1 for each 150, or fraction thereof, between 501 through 5000 5001 and over - 36, plus 1 for each 200, or fraction thereof, over 5000

In an assembly area, how many seats should be ADA compliant?

specifying a tolerance where dimensions are absolute. Example: if this document requires "1½ inches," avoid specifying "1½ inches plus or minus X inches."

It is good practice when specifying dimensions to avoid. . .

Renovations

Level of compliance required will depend on the scope of work for the project.

ADA Title 3 (III)

Public Accommodation/Commercial Facilities

60%

Public entrances: how much have to be compliant with ADA?

Registered Accessibility Specialist

Reviews the plans

be designed and constructed so that individuals with disabilities can approach, enter, and exit the employee work area.

Spaces and elements within employee work areas shall. . . .

ADA Title 2 (II)

State & Local Government Facilities. Anybody entering a local/state government facility as well as a public space must be accessible.

Size of space for wheelchair

The clear floor or ground space shall be 30 inches minimum by 48 inches minimum.

Doors in Series and Gates in Series

The distance between two hinged or pivoted doors in series and gates in series shall be 48" MIN plus the width of doors or gates swinging into the space.

T shaped turning spce

The turning space shall be a T-shaped space within a 60 inch square minimum with arms and base 36 inches wide minimum. Each arm of the T shall be clear of obstructions 12 inches minimum in each direction and the base shall be clear of obstructions 24 inches minimum. The space shall be permitted to include knee and toe clearance complying with 306 only at the end of either the base or one arm.

at least 5 percent, but no fewer than one, of each type of use in each cluster provided shall comply with 803 (same amount of privacy provided, compliant seating 17"-19")

Where dressing rooms, fitting rooms, or locker rooms are provided, how many have to be ADA compliant?

at least 5 percent, but no fewer than one

Where sinks are provided, how many must comply with 606?

shall be exposed and usable from both sides.

Where sliding doors are in the fully open position, operating hardware. . .

Obstructed Forward reach

Where the depth is 20" MAX, the reach should be 48" MAX Where the depth is greater than 20", it must be 25" MAX, & the reach must be 44" MAX

Private buildings or facilities that are less than 3 stories or less than 3,000 square feet per story

ADA states that you are exempt from an elevator requirement. Elevator exemption DOES NOT apply to facilities housing, a shopping center, a shopping mall, public transit, or a professional office of a health care provider.