Chapter 2 DV Core 3 F2F

What is the maximum number of electrons that can fit into the innermost shell of an atom?

2

What is a trace element?

An element that is required in miniscule amounts for life

Which is not one of the four atoms that make up the bulk of living organisms? Nitrogen Oxygen Calcium Carbon

Calcium

Which of the following large organic molecules includes table sugar?

Carbohydrates

The chemical name for table salt is sodium chloride, or simply NaCl. What type of chemical is NaCl?

Compound

What is the sum total of all the chemical reactions that take place in your body called?

Metabolism

What is the most common element in your body?

Oxygen

What is another name for the polymers of carbohydrates?

Polysaccharides

Which would have the highest concentration of C-H bonds?

Saturated fat

Which polysaccharide consists of individual long, twisted, unbranched chains of glucose?

Starch

A needle can be made to "float" on the surface tension of water. What causes this surface tension to form?

The cohesion of water molecules to each other

Select the most complete explanation of what the pH scale actually measures.

The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

Identify the part of the atom that most determines the chemical reactivity of the atom.

The number of electrons

What will be accomplished by lowering the activation energy of a reaction?

The reaction will proceed more quickly.

To a large extent, a protein's function is dependent upon its shape. What determines a protein's shape?

The sequence of amino acids

The majority of the elements essential to life are found in what part of the periodic table?

The top third

Why is one side of a water molecule partially negative while the other side is partially positive?

Uneven sharing of electron pairs occurs due to the strong pull of oxygen.

Which of the following dietary fats is considered to be the most healthy?

Unsaturated fat

In chemical bonding, when the bonded atoms share electrons, it is specifically called ________.

a covalent bond

Something with a pH of 5 would be ________.

acidic

The functional group -NH2 is called the ________ group.

amino

Organic molecules that end in the suffix "-ase" often function as ________ molecules.

enzymatic

Water is the lightest (least dense) when it ________.

freezes

Individual water molecules are held to one another by relatively weak ________ bonds.

hydrogen

If the number of protons in an atom does not match the number of electrons, the atom is specifically called an ________.

ion