CHAPTER 2: Hardware

SSD characteristics:

1.) No moving parts 2.) Extremely fast 3.) Uses lasers to read information.

Storage Capacities from HIGHEST to LOWEST:

1.) Petabyte 2.) Terabyte 3.) Gigabyte 4.) Megabyte 5.) Kilobyte

Personal computer CPU clock speeds range between ________.

2-4 gigahertz

Bus

A channel over which information flows inside a computer

Some computers use ________, an 8-bit coding scheme to represent characters in a binary format.

ASCII

The _________ coding language uses 8 bits to represent a byte of information.

ASCII

If you want a non-mobile computer without the relatively large footprint of a desktop, consider purchasing a(n) _________ computer.

All-In-One Computer

FireWire and Thunderbolt connectors were developed for ______ computers.

Apple/MAC

Gigahertz is equal to one ________ cycles (instructions) per second.

Billion

Bus width is measured in ______. A 64-bit bus can transmit 64 bits of data.

Bits

The term used to describe writing (storing) data on a DVD is ______.

Burning

Laptop Computer

Clamshell-type mobile computer

Screen size is measured by the _________.

Diagonal distance between the upper right and lower left corners of the screen.

The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its _________.

Footprint

The ______ is a computers within your computer that creates images.

GPU

The depiction of image data on a display or output device are called ________.

Graphics

_________ is the standard for video and audio input into televisions today.

HDMI

Tablet Computer

Highly-mobile-- you can use it while standing or walking around.

The number of bits that can be processed at one time during one machine cycle is a processor's _________.

Word Size

The computer that can be found inside a digital watch is referred to as a _______ computer. It has a real time operating system.

embedded

Hertz

equals one cycle (instruction) per second

Megahertz

equals one million cycles (instruction) per second

Gigahertz

equals one million cycles (instructions) per second

The two major factors that impact processor speeds are clock speed and ________.

Bus Width

In addition to the RAM, modern processors temporarily keep frequently accessed data in a ________.

Cache

Hard Drive _______ is the amount of storage you have available to save data and information.

Capacity

The two main components of a processor are the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and the ________ unit.

Control

Devices with a separate system unit and a relatively large footprint is called ______ computers.

Desktop

Connecting digital musical devices to computers is accomplished by using _______ port.

MIDI

The system unit of a computer is that part that houses the computer's main circuit board. This circuit board, which holds the CPU, is called the ____________.

Motherboard

Desktop Computer

Not mobile, but allows for relatively easy upgrade and explansion

All-in-One Computer

Not mobile, but since most of its components are housed behind the monitor it takes relatively little space on your desk.

The place in a digital device where the data and programs that device is currently using and are accessible by the processor is called the _______.

RAM

The __________ of monitors and other display devices is measured in pixels

Resolution

Data from the hard drive can reach CPU ________ than data from the RAM.

Slower Info: because it has to travel over more buses, data from the hard drive takes longer to reach the CPU than data from the RAM.

The most powerful computers, ___________ can evaluate complex data very quickly.

SuperComputers

Bus Width

The amount of data that can be transmitted over a channel at a given time

A coding scheme capable of representing the languages of the world, ________ uses 16 bits to represent information.

UNICODE

A mulitcore processor has the ability to execute two or more sets of instructions at the same time. This is called _______.

hyperthreading