Chapter 2 ITEC
How many is Mega?
1,000,000 (million)
What is the value of Giga
1,000,000,000 (billion)
Most Bluetooth transmissions remain strong up to __ feet away and then start to reduce in signal strength.
10
Most smartphones come with at least___________ of RAM installed
2 gigabytes
Combines the mobility of a tablet with the power of a laptop
2-in-1 computer
Most laptops come with at least ______ of RAM installed.
4 gigabytes
WiFi uses the _____ protocol.
802.11 ( 2.4 GHz and 5.0 GHz radio waves.) This protocol ensures that devices enabled with WiFi can connect to any WiFi network.
Define a Computer
A digital device that: Accepts input Processes data into information Stores data Provides information output
Give examples of an embedded computer
A digital watch A programmable thermostat or even a coffee pot! Anti-lock breaks and ignition systems in vehicles Typically these have small operating systems referred to as Real Time Operating Systems (RTOS) with limited capability
Describe the uses of an All-in-One
A neat, clean look for a desk or office A large monitor without the large system unit Not easily upgradable - not a popular with computer experts or serious gamers
Give examples of popular personal media Players (PMP)
Amazon Kindle and Apple iPod
What are the 2 main components of the CPU
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) Control Unit
a type of optical media used in optical drives
Blu-ray disc
a short-distance wireless communication technology that uses relatively short-wavelength radio waves to transfer data
Bluetooth
What are desktop computers great for?
Business Families with children that might drop laptops Gamers and computer experts - desktop allow for flexibility and expansion
What is a multicore processor?
CPU with two or more cores (ALU + control unit) Capable of "hyperthreading"
The computer's main microprocessor or brains of the computer
CPU- Central processing unit
high-speed storage usually located directly on the CPU, is smaller but faster than RAM and used to quickly access repeated instructions.
Cache
What are the problems with overclocking?
Can overheat the computer Voids warranties Some serious gamers and computer experts overclock. It requires additional CPU cooling
can have data written to it one time. DVD-R DVD-RW
DVD-R
can have data erased and re-written a number of times DVD-R DVD-RW
DVD-RW
What does DVD stand for?
Digital Versatile Disc
the ability of hardware or software to work with data and information produced by older product or software.
Downward compatiblity
List the 4 steps a computer uses to process instructions? (The machine cycle)
Fetch the instruction Decode the instruction Execute the instruction Store (or do something with) the instruction
a type of Thunderbolt port and commonly found on Apple computers and devices.
FireWire
Describe a 2-in-1 computer
Full operating system Solid-state hard drive - very fast with strong battery life Less storage than a traditional laptop
What does HDMI stand for and what is it used for?
High-Definition Multimedia Interface allows for the transmission of high-definition audio and video signals
Describe a tablet computer
Highly mobile Touchscreen Separate keyboard and mouse can be added Hardware and RAM can't be upgraded Smaller operating system (OS)
What are laptop characteristics
Hinged folding computer Integrated monitor, keyboard, and touchpad Full operating system Sime laptops provide the capability of upgrading memory
executes multiple instructions simultaneously
Hyperthreading
IrDA stands for?
Infrared Data Association
Computers accept data from many sources including keyboards, camera, microphones - even other computers!
Input
Identify the four basic computing functions
Input Process Output Store
What are some examples of processor manufacturers
Intel NVIDIA AMD
establishes the protocols for infrared communication transfer. a wireless connection that uses Infrared (relatively long) radio waves to transmit data.
IrDA
What is the order of SI unit values
Kilo Mega Giga Tera Peta Exa Zeta Yotta
_____ cache is small and integrated into the CPU.
L1
____cache is larger and next to the CPU.
L3
Examples of computers
Laptops Desktop All-in-Ones Tablets Smartphones Mainframes Servers Gaming consoles Embedded devices
What are the benefits of a tablet?
Light yet powerful - great for travel, reading, email, and games With a separate keyboard, tablets gain much of a laptop's functionality Smaller OS - programs available may be limited to mobile version
More powerful than servers and are used by organizations to process large amounts of data. Very expensive computers costing from $100,000 to over $1 million dollars
Mainframe
________________ is high-speed memory used by the CPU to store frequently accessed data and instructions.
Memory cache
Describe the uses of a laptop
Mobile - can be carried to class Full Operating System - will run all applications Memory can sometimes be upgraded as necessary Plenty of storage space
What does MIDI stand for and what is it?
Musical Instrument Digital Interface capable of carrying digital music signals and are common in today's music scene. interface and connectivity of digital musical devices to computers.
What are 3 common types of servers
Network, Web, and File
Can IrDA easily pass through walls or furniture?
No, b/c they use longer wavelength radio waves,
What is the clock speed?
Number of instructions processed per second by the CPU
Computers display information in many forms - images, video, audio
Output
Changing processor setting so computer runs faster than recommended by the manufacturer
Overclocking
Describe the system unit of a computer
Part of the computer that houses the motherboard
Computers compile and transform data into useful information
Process
one of the most important hardware components that make up your computer. It is located on the motherboard or main circuit board of the computer.
Processor
What is RAM?
Random Access Memory (RAM) is a type of memory found on the motherboard of a digital device. RAM is electronic and has no moving parts. a temporary storage area and is cleared when a device is powered off. called main memory, which means the memory available to programs to execute tasks.
What does ROM stand for?
Read Only Memory
What are some Desktop characteristics:
Separate system unit (chassis) Peripherals System unit - allows for easy hardware upgrades Large footprint
Describe an All-in-One computers
Stationary device (like a desktop) Computer within a large monitor Separate keyboard and mouse Usually a touchscreen monitor (like a big tablet) Full operating system
Computers have the ability to _____ data for future use
Strore
The most powerful type of computer. Can evaluate complex data very quickly Many of them are owned by the government
Supercomputer
Memory is comprised of solid state electronics which makes it fast and energy efficient since there are no mechanical moving parts. T/F
T
Most Blu-ray drives are capable of reading CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs. T/F
T
Most DVD and Blu-ray drives are downward compatible. T/F
T
Most DVD drives are capable of reading CDs and DVDs. T/F
T
the number of cores isn't a measure of the computer's speed T/F
T
Describe differentiating computers
Tablets often come with keyboards, more like laptops 2-in-1s - Laptops with detaching keyboards All-in-ones - basically huge tablets
What is a trillion
Tera
Describe what is meant by the term "computer hardware
The physical parts of a computer
Examples of computer hardware
The system unit (called the tower or the chassis) Printer Monitor Keyboard Mouse Router
allow for up to 6 different peripherals to be connected to one device.
Thunderbolt ports
use solid-state flash memory to store information on an internal memory chip.
USB drive
What does USB stand for, and what does it do?
Universal Serial Bus type of interface that enables communication between digital devices. allows for data transfer between devices and for devices to be electrically charged.
How fast is clock speed and what is it measured in?
Usually measured in gigahertz (GHz) 1 Gigahertz (GHz) = 1 billion per second
Can Bluetooth signals easily pass through walls, furniture?
Yes, because it uses short-wavelength radio waves
What unit is septillion
Yotta
What is WiFi?
a wireless local area network also called a Hotspot.
What is computer memory?
also referred to as RAM or random access memory, is found in microchips that are located on the motherboard.
the specialized end of a cord, plug, or expansion card that connects into a port. the end that connects to a port.
connector
high-speed memory used by the hard drive to store frequently accessed data.
disk cache
A computer that is integrated (a part of) a larger device or system
embedded computer
used for data storage file server web server network server
file server
allow you to listen to audio files such as music, podcasts, read books, and watch videos
media players or personal media Players (PMP)
circuit board that holds the computer's central processing unit
motherboard
controls access to resources such as printers and applications on a network file server web server network server
network server
An _______ is a type of computer drive that writes and reads data using lasers. They work by rotating an inserted disc.
optical drive
a slot or hole that matches the cord or expansion card
port
a set of rules for communication between devices that determines how data is transmitted and received.
protocol
What is Peta
quadrillion
What is Exa
quintillion
Computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users. Also referred to as host computers
server
Handheld computer with cellular networking capability
smartphone
What is ROM?
storage area in a digital device that is installed by the digital device manufacturer. Most ROM can't be altered or removed. Information that is commonly stored in ROM includes a digital device's boot instructions.
Digital devices need to store information temporarily and indefinitely.
storage device Data remains intact when the computer is turned off.
What are USB drives referred to?
thumb drives, flash drives or jump drives
What does ripping mean
to copy the data from the disk and writing it onto your computer's hard drive.
How much data can Blu ray store?
up to 50 GB of data.
How much data can a DVD store?
up to 8.5 GB of data
In a single core processor what is 1 core?
usually 1 ALU + 1 control unit
controls access to resources on the Web file server web server network server
web server
What devices use IrDA?
wireless mouse, keyboard, remote control
allow for the transmission of data between fixed and mobile devices using short-range radio waves or light waves
wireless ports
What does it mean to burn onto a CD, DVD or Blu ray?
write data onto
