Chapter 2

structure/function claims

Claims on food labels that describe the role of a nutrient or dietary ingredient in maintaining normal structure or function in humans.

Tolerance Upper Intake Level (UL)

Maximum daily nutrient intake levels that are unlikely to pose risk of adverse health effects to almost all individuals in a given gender and life-stage group

Nutrition Facts

The portion of a food label that provides information about the nutrition composition of a food and how the food fits into the overall diet

exchange lists

a system of grouping foods based on their carbohydrates, protein, fat, and energy content. These have been revised as "Choice List"

Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)

energy intake that are predicted to maintain body weight in healthy individuals

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)

the nutrient intake estimated to meet the needs of 50% of the healthy individuals in a given gender and life stage group

Nutrient content claims

A claim on food labels used to describe the level of a nutrient in a food. The Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990 defines these terms and regulates the circumstances under which they can be used

Food guide

A food group system that suggests amounts of different types of foods needed to meet nutrient intake recommendations.

Healthy claim

A food label claim that describes the relationship between a nutrient or food and a disease or health condition. Only approved health claims may appear on food labels

Choice list

A new term for Exchange List; a system of grouping foods based on their carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and energy content

MyPlate

A plate-shaped food guide released in 2011 that suggests amounts and types of food from five food groups to meet the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines.

Daily Values

A reference values for the intake of nutrients used on food labels to help consumers see how a given food fits into their overall diet

Healthy People

A set of national health promotion and disease prevention objectives for the U.S. population.

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

A set of nutrition recommendations designed to promote population-wide dietary and lifestyle changes to reduce the incidence of nutrition-related chronic disease

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)

A set of nutritional reference values for the intake of energy, nutrients and food components that can be used for planning and assessing the diets of healthy people in the United States and Canada.

nutritional status

An individual's health, as it is influenced by the intake and utilization of nutrients.

qualified health claims

Health claims on food labels that have been approved based on emerging but not well-established evidence of a relationship between a food, food component, or dietary supplement and reduced risk of a disease or health-related condition.

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)

Healthy ranges of intake for carbohydrates, fat, and proteins, expressed as percentages of toral energy intake

Recommend Dietary Allowance (RDA)

Nutrient intakes that are sufficient to meet the needs of almost all healthy people in a specific gender and life-stage group

Adequate Intake (AI)

Nutrients intakes that should be used as a goal when no RDA exists. Al values are an approximation of the nutrient intake that sustains health

Supplement Facts

The portion of a dietary supplement label that includes information about, serving size, ingredients, amount per serving size (by weight), and percent of Daily Value, if established.