Chapter 2: Scientific Inquiry
What is the standard unit of mass?
kilogram (kg)
Which of the following is NOT one of the six key steps of the scientific method?
Theory
Which of the following summarizes an accepted hypothesis tested by many scientists?
Theory
What is the density of a solid that has a mass of 9.2 grams and a volume of 12.3 cm^3? Would this object float or sink in water?
0.75 g/cm^3, float
An empty container has a mass of 62.000 grams. You fill it with 24.6 mL of a liquid. The final mass of the container is 81.34 grams. What is the density of the liquid to the correct number of significant figures? (density of the liquid = mass of the liquid divided by the volume of liquid)
0.786 g/mL
What is the mass of a liquid with a density of 2.12 g/mL and a volume of 53.0 mL (to the nearest gram)?
112 g
At what point on the x-axis do the miles per hour start to decrease in the following graph?
25 miles
How many mL are in 3.4 L?
3,400 mL
About how much is one liter?
4 cups
How many significant figures are in 54,050?
4 significant figures
Simge's guinea pig weighs exactly 560. grams. Which of the following most accurately expresses the weight of Simge's guinea pig in scientific notation?
5.60 x 10^2
Which of the following is the closest to a mass of 500 mL of water?
500g
The area of a rectangle can be found by multiplying its length by its width. What is the area of a rectangle that is 5.6 cm in length and 9.24 cm wide? Report your answer with the correct number of significant figures.
52 cm^2
If you add 50.0 mL of water to a beaker containing 22 mL of water, then how much water do you have in the beaker?
72 mL
What is the difference between a bar graph and a pie chart?
A bar graph typically represents exact numbers while a pie chart represents percentages.
A single assertion, a proposed explanation of something based on available knowledge, for something yet to be explained, one that is subject to further experimentation is called:
A hypothesis
Which of the following best defines the term Observation?
A witnessed and recorded event.
Which of the following is NOT true about both scientific laws and scientific theories?
Both are used to explain why a phenomenon happens.
What does the x-axis represent in the following graph?
Distance in miles
If a research study is so specific and strange that it does not have any real world application, we can say that the study has a low level of _____.
Ecological validity
A scientist is running a test of her hypothesis. Which step of the scientific method is she executing?
Experiment
A group of researchers want to make sure that any results they find in a particular group of participants would also be true for other people, in other places, in studies with other researchers. If a study can do this, we can say that the study has a high level of _____.
External validity
A researcher performed a study in which she concluded that children who have parents who read to them at home have better reading skills at school. However, she only included children in the top reading level at school, and no children who have trouble reading. Because she only included one group, and not all groups of children, her study probably has a low level of _____.
External validity
A key difference between science and religion, astrology, and pseudoscience is that scientific statements are:
Falsifiable
A research study where the cause-effect conclusions are accurate, and there are no other possible explanations for the results, has a high level of _____ validity.
Internal
Why does rounding cause problems in the lab?
It can lead to major errors in calculations.
If a statement is statistically significant, then:
It is unlikely to have occurred due to chance alone
Which of the following is viewed as scientific fact with no exceptions?
Law
A controlled experiment tests how many variables at one time?
One
Which of the following statements about scientific theories is wrong?
Theories are simple suggestions made on a whim by curious people.
This is a process where scientific experts not connected to the study and experiment in question check it for scientific accuracy, proper methodology, and relevancy.
Peer review
Which is a process that requires feedback from the scientific community?
Peer review
What is another name for scientific law?
Principle
At what step in the scientific method does a scientist propose the problem that he or she wants to solve?
Question
Why are standard units important in the biology lab?
Reduce conversions Reduce errors Reduce confusion Reduce rounding
The measure or assessment of consistency of scores across time or different contexts is called _____.
Reliability
In order for a scientist's work to be accepted, other scientists must be able to _____ the experiment.
Repeat
The systematic investigation of scientific theories and hypotheses is known as:
Scientific Research
Which of the following is NOT true about science?
Scientists never compete with one another.
An experiment should show that a hypothesis is either:
Supported or not supported
Once a hypothesis is generated, what is the best next step?
Test the hypothesis through experimentation.
What point is indicated by the arrow in the picture below?
The origin (0,0)
Which of the following games had the highest percentage according to the following pie chart? What percentage did that game have?
Uno at 33%
What is the standard unit of length?
meter (m)
Which of the following are arranged from smallest unit to largest unit?
mm, cm, m, km
