Chapter 2 study guide

When organizing stimuli, if you focus on one item while ignoring the other, you are organizing based on A. figure-ground. B. closure. C. proximity. D. similarity.

A. figure-ground.

When Trey first met Charlotte, he noticed her clothing, attractiveness, and communication skills, and he drew conclusions about her. These conclusions are known as a A. first impression. B. role. C. ground. D. symbolic interaction.

A. first impression.

During perception, we assign meaning to stimuli. This is termed A. interpretation. B. selection. C. organization. D. similarity.

A. interpretation.

Wei saw a girl from his class standing very close to a man. He assumed they were dating because he organized the stimuli based on the two people's A. proximity. B. similarity. C. grounds. D. closure.

A. proximity.

Filling in missing information to complete an incomplete figure is a perceptual organization process called A. figure-ground. B. closure. C. proximity. D. similarity.

B. closure.

In order to give an effective speech of self-introduction, you should avoid A. honesty. B. exaggerating. C. making a point. D. being creative.

B. exaggerating.

Assigning meaning to stimuli is a part of the perceptual process called A. organizing. B. interpreting. C. selecting. D. encoding.

B. interpreting.

Communication that includes our experiences, feelings, attitudes, and opinions is _____ communication. A. dyadic B. intrapersonal C. interpersonal D. symbolic

B. intrapersonal

The process of using senses to acquire information about the environment is called A. communication. B. perception. C. role. D. exposure.

B. perception.

Rashida remembers only the positive remarks that people make about her ideas, and she "forgets" the negative remarks. She is using selective A. perception. B. retention. C. attention. D. exposure.

B. retention.

When someone sees several people carrying musical instruments, he or she often groups these people together into "a band" because they resemble one another. This means of organizing stimuli is also known as A. proximity. B. similarity. C. closure. D. figure-ground.

B. similarity.

Categorizing people based on age, sex, race, or sexual orientation is often called A. selective attention. B. stereotyping. C. first impressions. D. perceptual checking.

B. stereotyping.

Physiological factors of perception can include A. past experiences. B. being a mother. C. hair color and height. D. one's culture.

C. hair color and height.

Mariana and her boyfriend, Thomas, were having a fight because Thomas doesn't call when he says he will. During the fight, Mariana described Thomas's behavior, suggested possible reasons why he didn't call, and asked for an explanation. Mariana was utilizing A. proximity. B. selective exposure. C. perceptual checking. D. selective retention.

C. perceptual checking.

A preformed opinion based on insufficient knowledge or irrational feelings is termed A. role. B. channel. C. prejudice. D. proximity.

C. prejudice.

By paying attention to some cues and ignoring others, in what activity are you engaging? A. selective perception B. selective retention C. selective attention D. selective exposure

C. selective attention

The process of development of the self through messages and feedback from others is referred to as A. selective attention. B. interpretive perception. C. symbolic interactionism. D. perceptual checking.

C. symbolic interactionism.

Which of the following should you do in order to be effective in a self-introduction? A. Exaggerate information. B. Be boring. C. Provide every detail. D. Conclude with a memorable statement.

D. Conclude with a memorable statement.

If you select, organize, and interpret what you sense, you are engaged in A. identity management. B. closure. C. proximity. D. active perception.

D. active perception.

If you expose yourself to information that reinforces your beliefs, you are engaged in selective A. perception. B. retention. C. attention. D. exposure.

D. exposure.

If Demetri only sees and believes what he wants to see and believe, he is engaged in selective exposure. True False

False

Perception is considered to be passive. True False

False

Someone's culture has no bearing on his or her perception. True False

False

The first stage in perception is organization. True False

False

Your perception of yourself plays no role in your communication. True False

False

"Symbolic interactionism" is the term used to describe the process of development of the self through messages and feedback received from others. True False

True

A positive first impression can be easily reversed, but a negative first impression can persist even when information contradicts it. True False

True

Grouping stimuli into meaningful units is a part of perception called organization. True False

True

People attempt to present an idealized version of themselves by using identity management. True False

True

The organizational principle of proximity indicates that we perceive objects close to each other as related. True False

True