Chapter 2 Test Anatomy Basic Chemistry

Proteins are synthesized from ____________ during synthesis reactions.

Amino acids

The hydrolysis of proteins produces these building blocks

Amino acids

Which of the following is a protein?

Antibody

Nerve impulses involve the flow of an electrical current, a type of energy known as __________ energy.

Electrical

Carbohydrates are classified as inorganic compounds.

False

Glucose and fructose are classified as disaccharides.

False

Collagen and keratin are examples

Fibrous proteins

Also known as functional proteins

Globular proteins

Antibodies, some hormones, and enzymes are examples

Globular proteins

Which carbohydrate is also known as blood sugar?

Glucose

Which polysaccharide is formed of linked glucose molecules and stored in animal tissues?

Glycogen

What type of bond results when electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another?

Ionic bond

What type of chemical bond is pictured in Figure 2.3?

Ionic bond

Atoms that have lost of gained electrons are known as ________.

Ions

A solution with a pH of 7 ____________.

Is neutral

Which letter represents a carbohydrate polymer?

Label C

Which letter represents a globular protein in its quaternary structure?

Label E

Triglycerides, steroids, and fat-soluble vitamins are examples

Lipids

Anything that has made and takes up space is considered to be _____________.

Matter

Which of the following contains sodium?

NaCl

DNA, RNA, and ATP are examples

Nucleic Acids

Nucleotides are the building blocks for this organic compound group

Nucleic acids

Letter E represents a nucleic acid building block known as a ________ .

Nucleotide

The most common element in the human body is _____________.

Oxygen

Glycogen and starch are examples of a specific category of carbohydrates called __________.

Polysaccharides

The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of ________ an atom contains.

Protons

An acid is a molecule that releases (donates) __________.

Protons (hydrogen ions)

Atomic mass is equivalent to the number of __________ in an atom.

Protons and neutrons

The building blocks of a triglyceride are _________ .

Three fatty acid chains and one glycerol molecule

The complementary base to adenine in a molecule of DNA is _________.

Thymine

Amino acids are the building blocks for proteins.

True

The number of protons in an atom equals the atomic number for that element.

True

Water is the single most abundant inorganic compound in the human body.

True

Polar molecules, like water, result when electrons are shared __________ .

Unequally bonded between atoms

Which of the following is classified as an inorganic compound?

Water

An atom has 6 protons, 8 neutrons and 6 electrons. It's atomic mass is __________.

14

What is the atomic number of the atom in Figure 2.2 ?

6

Building block is the monosaccharides

Carbohydrates

The most common steroid is ____________ .

Cholesterol

Identify the nucleic acid.

DNA

The reaction sucrose + water - glucose + fructose is an example of an.

Decomposition reaction

The sugar found in DNA is___________.

Deoxyribose

A nucleotide of DNA contain three components: _______, _________, and _________ .

Deoxyribose; a phosphate group; nitrogen-containing base