Chapter 21 Assessment

Match the correct response of blood vessels in the skin to the event. 1. At the onset of increased physical activity 2. Increased body temperature 3. Decreased skin temperature 4. Anger or embarrassment 5. Increased sympathetic activity

Constriction Dilation Dilation Dilation Constriction

Match the vessel type with the correct explanation. Recoil when stretched and prevent blood pressure from falling: Regulate blood flow to different regions of the body: Contain valves that prevent the backflow of blood: The most common blood vessel type: Are found between two capillary beds: Provide nutrients to the outer layers of large vessels:

Elastic Muscular Medium and large Capillaries Portal Vasa

***VIDEO*** Heart rate and stroke volume decrease under decreased parasympathetic stimulation. Increased sympathetic stimulation causes vasodilation, bringing elevated blood pressure back to normal. Group starts

FALSE FALSE

Indicate whether each statement is true or false. 1. Compliance is the tendency for blood vessel volume to increase as blood pressure decreases. 2. Blood vessels with a large compliance exhibit a small increase in volume when the pressure increases a small amount. 3. Venous compliance is approximately 24X greater than arterial compliance, so as venous pressure increases, the volume of veins greatly increases.

FALSE FALSE TRUE

***VIDEO*** The lymphatic capillaries reabsorb as much as 50% of the fluid lost by the blood capillaries. Group starts The net osmotic pressure is equal at both the arterial and the venous ends of the capillary. Group starts

FALSE TRUE

Match the vessel with the tissue it supplies. 1. Bronchial artery 2. Right gastric artery 3. Hepatic artery 4. Suprarenal artery 5. Renal artery ( 6. Median sacral artery 7. External iliac artery 8. Superior mesenteric artery 9. Inferior mesenteric artery

Lung Stomach Liver Adrenal Kidney Inferior Lower Pancreas Descending

Match the terms with their definitions in the equation for calculating mean arterial pressure: MAP = HR x SV x PR. HR: SV: PR:

Number of heartbeats Amount of blood Resistance

Place the arteries that are given in order as a drop of blood travels from the abdominal aorta to the big toe of the left foot.

1. Abdominal 2. Left common 3. Left external 4. Femoral 5. Popliteal 6. Anterior

Place the arteries that are given in order as a drop of blood travels from the ascending aorta to the thumb of the right hand.

1. Ascending 2. Aortic 3. Brachiocephalic 4. Subclavian 5. Axillary 6. Brachial 7. Radial

Place the labels in the correct order to describe a baroreflex in response to increased cardiac output.

1. Cardiac output increases 2. Baroreceptors 3. Cardioregulatory 4. Parasympathetic 5. Heart rate decreases

Starting with the elastic arteries, place the following vessels in the order that blood flows.

1. Elastic 2. Muscular 3. Arterioles 4. Capillaries 5. Venules 6.Small 7. Large

Correctly order the veins to trace a drop of blood from the descending colon to the heart.

1. Inferior mesenteric 2. Splenic 3. Hepatic portal 4. Hepatic veins 5. Inferior vena cava 6. Right

Correctly order the veins to trace a drop of blood from the right side of the face to the heart.

1. Jugular 2. Subclavian 3. Branchicephalic 4. Superior 5. Atrium

If a thrombus in the posterior tibial vein gave rise to an embolus, starting with the posterior tibial vein and ending with the lung, arrange in order the structures of the circulatory system the embolus would pass through before lodging in a blood vessel in the lungs.

1. Posterior 2. Femoral 3. Popliteal 4. External 5. Common 6. Inferior 7. Right atrium 8. Pulmonary 9. Right or left 10. Lung

Place the structures a drop of blood would pass through in the pulmonary circulation, starting with the right ventricle.

1. Right 2. Trunk 3. Arteries 4. Capillaries 5. Veins 6. Left

Match the vessel with the correct percentage of blood volume distribution. 1. Large veins 2. Small veins 3. Large arteries 4. Small arteries 5. Arterioles 6. Capillaries 7. Pulmonary vessels 8. Heart

39 25 8 5 2 5 9 7

Match the response or effect with each of these conditions. Vasoconstriction: Vasodilation: Erythrocytosis:

Decreased blood flow, increased resistance, pale Increased blood flow, decreased resistance, flushed Elevated, Increased blood viscosity

Match the type of shock with the correct definition or cause: Caused by internal or external bleeding: Rapid loss of vasomotor tone: Reduced blood volume and increased blood viscosity: Strong parasympathetic stimulation of the heart: Inflammatory substances increase vasodilation and capillary permeability: Toxic substances increase vasodilation and capillary permeability: Heart stops pumping:

Hemorrhagic Neurogenic Plasma loss Emotional Anaphylactic Septic Cardogenic

Place the events of tissue autoregulation in the correct sequence, starting with the increased metabolism of a working tissue.

Increased Decreased Local- dilate Blood flow- increases Oxygen Local- constrict Blood flow- decreases

Match the mechanism of arterial blood pressure regulation with the correct category. Adrenal medullary mechanism: CNS ischemic response: Vasopressin mechanism: Baroreceptor reflexes: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism: Atrial natriuretic mechanism: Chemoreceptor reflexes: Fluid shift mechanism: Stress-relaxation response:

Short Short Long Short Long Long Short Long Long

Match the vessel with the tissue it drains. 1. Superior mesenteric vein 2. Gastroomentalvein 3. Cystic vein 4. Phrenic vein 5. Internal iliac vein 6. Femoral vein 7. Digital vein

Small intestines Stomach Gallbladder Diaphragm Pelvis Thigh Toes

Match the descriptions and figures with the type of fluid flow indicated. Laminar: Turbulent:

Smooth, F, F, Close together Partially, I, I, Spread out

***VIDEO*** Increased sympathetic stimulation causes increased heart rate and stroke volume. Chemoreceptors in the hypothalamus monitor blood carbon dioxide and pH.

TRUE FALSE

1. Capillary exchange is the process by which cells receive everything they need to survive and to eliminate metabolic waste. 2. By far the most important means by which capillary exchange occurs is filtration. 3. A small amount of fluid moves out of capillaries at their venous ends, and most of that fluid reenters the capillaries at their arterial ends. 4. Net filtration pressure is the force responsible for moving fluid across capillary walls.

TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE

Indicate whether each statement is true or false. 1. Local control of blood flow is achieved by the periodic relaxation and contraction of precapillary sphincters regulating blood flow through the tissues. 2. Precapillary sphincters relax as the tissue concentration of nutrients, such as oxygen, glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids, increases. 3. Vasodilator substances are produced in the extracellular fluid as the rate of metabolism increases.

TRUE FALSE TRUE

Indicate whether each statement is true or false. 1. The abdominal aorta is the part of the descending aorta between the diaphragm and the common iliac arteries. 2. The abdominal aorta divides inferiorly into the right and left femoral arteries. 3. The coronary arteries branch off of the ascending aorta.

TRUE FALSE TRUE

Indicate whether each statement is true or false. 1. The two pairs of major veins that drain the blood from the head and neck are the external and internal jugular veins. 2. The cephalic, cystic, and brachial veins are responsible for draining most of the blood from the upper limbs. 3. The median cubital vein is often used as a site for drawing blood from a patient.

TRUE FALSE TRUE

True or False: The pulse can be detected in each of these areas of the body. 1. Superficial temporal artery 2. Common carotid artery 3. Facial artery 4. Lingual artery 5. Axillary artery 6. External jugular vein 7. Femoral vein 8. Popliteal artery 9. Radial vein 10. Abdominal aorta 11. Dorsalis pedis artery

TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE

True or False: Each of the following is a unique function of the cardiovascular system. 1. Carries blood 2. Exchanges nutrients 3. Transports substances 4. Helps regulate blood pressure 5. Directs blood flow to tissues 6. Absorbs lipids 7. Filters blood 8. Regulates the immune system 9. Regulates metabolic rate

TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE