Chapter 21: The Musculoskeletal System

1. Moving a body part away from the body is called (A) Abduction (B) Addition (C) Adduction (D) Ambulation

a

Osteoporosis is caused by a lack of _______ in the diet. (A) Sodium (B) Calcium (C) Iron (D) Protein

b

Which of the following statements is true of cast care? (A) Keep the cast wet or damp. (B) Use a sharp object to remove items that have fallen inside the cast. (C) Elevate an extremity that is in a cast. (D) Use warm water and soap to wash the cast when it gets dirty

c

2. Tough, fibrous bands that connect muscle to bone are called (A) Cartilages (B) Ligaments (C) Joints (D) Tendons

d

Which of the following is an example of a prosthesis? (A) An adaptive device to assist residents with dressing (B) Handrolls to keep residents' fingers from curling too tightly (C) Special shoes to help residents with flat feet (D) An artificial arm to replace an arm that has been lost

d

12. Which type of fracture occurs in a bone that is weakened by a disease such as cancer? (A) Compound fracture (B) Comminuted fracture (C) Greenstick fracture (D) Pathologic fracture

d

13. What is one factor that is associated with osteoarthritis? (A) Education level (B) Bacteria (C) Lack of calcium in the diet (D) Cold, damp weather

d

5. A continuous passive motion (CPM) machine is used to treat (A) Total hip replacement (B) Bursitis (C) Phantom limb pain (D) Total knee replacement

d

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune illness. With an autoimmune illness, the body's ______ system attacks normal tissue. (A) Endocrine (B) Lymphatic (C) Circulatory (D) Immune

d

Which of the following is a nursing assistant's responsibility regarding traction? (A) The nursing assistant should adjust weights if the resident's limb starts to lower. (B) The nursing assistant should keep the traction unit's weights flat on the floor. (C) The nursing assistant should give pain medication if traction is causing the resident pain. (D) The nursing assistant should report to the nurse if the weights move.

d

10. What is the protective substance that covers the ends of bones? (A) Cartilage (B) Collagen (C) Hormones (D) Minerals

a

Before applying a prosthesis, the area must be (A) Dry (B) Damp (C) Cold (D) Warm

a

Normal age-related changes for the musculoskeletal system include (A) Muscles weaken and lose tone (B) Bones gain calcium (C) Muscle mass increases, causing weight gain (D) Joints become more flexible

a

Which of the following types of muscle is a voluntary muscle? (A) Skeletal muscle (B) Smooth muscle (C) Pulmonary muscle (D) Cardiac muscle

a

Weakening, wasting away, and decrease in size of a muscle is called (A) Dystrophy (B) Atrophy (C) Contracture (D) Dislocation

b

11. Moving a body part toward the body is called (A) Addition (B) Adduction (C) Agitation (D) Abduction

b

6. __________ are tiny sacs of fluid located near joints. (A) Tendonitis (B) Bursae (C) Sepsis (D) Phlebitis

b

7. Which of the following is a guideline for cast care? (A) Using a sharp scratcher inside the cast to help with itching (B) Padding the edge of the cast to reduce sharp edges (C) Keeping cast damp or wet for comfort (D) Keeping the extremity low, close to the ground

b

8. A sling may be used to (A) Increase swelling in an extremity (B) Provide support to an extremity (C) Immobilize broken bones (D) Inflate and deflate an extremity

b

A fracture in which the skin is open and the bone may come through the skin is a(n) (A) Closed fracture (B) Open fracture (C) Greenstick fracture (D) Compression fracture

b

After an amputation, a resident may experience phantom sensation. Phantom sensation is (A) Not real (B) Sensation where the limb existed (C) The inability to use a new body part (D) The desire to get rid of a new body part

b

Elastic bandages are commonly used to (A) Treat reddened skin (B) Keep dressings in place (C) Cover cuts in the skin (D) Stop numbness and tingling

b

Fluids are encouraged for residents who have had a total knee replacement to help prevent (A) Myocardial infarctions (B) Urinary tract infections (C) Depression (D) Side effects of medicationq

b

Which of the following is a function of the bones? (A) Protecting the body from disease (B) Lending support to body structures (C) Sending messages throughout the human body (D) Pumping blood throughout the body

b

Which of the following statements is true of osteoarthritis? (A) Jaw and neck are usually affected. (B) Pain and stiffness increase in cold or damp weather. (C) Antibiotics are usually the first type of medication to treat osteoarthritis. (D) Residents will not be able to perform any ADLs if they have osteoarthritis.

b

14. Simple movements, such as turning in bed or sitting down, are linked with fractures when a person has this disorder: (A) Osteoarthritis (B) Bursitis (C) Osteoporosis (D) Tuberculosis

c

15. Which of the following is a function of the musculoskeletal system? (A) Stores vitamin D (B) Supplies oxygen to cells (C) Stores calcium and phosphorous (D) Transports antibodies to cells

c

3. A non-weight bearing order for a resident means that (A) The resident can bear partial weight on one or both legs (B) The resident can touch the floor with at least one leg (C) The resident is unable to touch the floor with either leg (D) The resident can support some body weight on one leg

c

4. Which of the following disorders causes swollen joints, restricted movement, intense pain, and deformities? (A) Osteoarthritis (B) Muscular dystrophy (C) Rheumatoid arthritis (D) Osteoporosis

c

9. ______________ is warmth, itching, or tingling from a body part that has been amputated. (A) Osteoporosis (B) Bursitis (C) Phantom sensation (D) Osteoarthritis

c

A full weight-bearing order for a resident with a total hip replacement means that (A) The resident is able to support some body weight on one or both legs (B) The resident is unable to support any body weight on one or both legs (C) The resident can bear full weight on both legs (D) The affected hip needs to be kept in abduction

c

After a total hip replacement, the hip cannot be bent or flexed more than ______ degrees. (A) 45 (B) 75 (C) 90 (D) 100

c

The painful and permanent stiffening of a muscle is called (A) Dystrophy (B) Atrophy (C) Contracture (D) Dislocation

c