chapter 22 physics

calculate the electrical force between two electrons that are located on opposite sides on an ionized hydrogen atom. use the following values for the distance and charge size. distance = 5.3 x 10^-11 m electron charge = -1.6 x 10^-19 C

(-1.6 x 10^-19)(-1.6 x 10^-19) K ------------------------------ = 8.20 x 10^-8 N 5.3 x 10^-11 m^2

find the force between a 0.001-C charge and 0.005-C charge that are 10 meters apart.

(0.001)(0.005) K ------------------ = 450 N 10^2

what is the electrical force between two pellets, each with a charge of 1 x 10^-6 C and are separated by a distance of 0.30 m?

(1 x 10^-6) (1 x 10^-6) K -------------------------- = .1 N .30^2 m

consider two small charged objects, one with a charge of 15 x 10^-6 and the other of unknown charge. when they are separated by a distance of 1.2 m, each exert a force of 2.8 N on the other. what is the charge of the second object?

(15 x 10^-6) 2.8 N (15 x 10^-6) ------------ = -------------------- = 2.91 x 10^-5 C 1.2 m^2 1.2 m^2

two charged separated by one meter exert 1-N forces on each other. if the charged are pulled 3 meters apart, the force on each charge will be

0.11 N

an electron is pushed into an electric field where it acquires a 1-V electrical potential. if two electrons are pushed the same distance into the same electric field, the electrical potential of the two electrons is

1 V

assume that 10 J of work pushed a charge initially at rest into an electric field. if the charge is them released, it flied back to its starting position with a kinetic energy of

10 J

if 10 J of work is used in pushing 1 C of charge into an electric field, its electric potential relative to its starting position is

10/1 = V *10 V*

two charges that are separated by one meter exert 1-N forces on each other. if the charges are pushed together so the separation is 25 centimeters, the force on each of the charge will be

16 N

the electrical force on a 2-C charge is 60 N. the electrical field where the charge is located is

20 N/C

two charges that are separated by one meter exert 1-N forces on each other. if the magnitude of each charge is doubles, the force on each charge is

4 N

two spherical inflated rubber balloons each have the same number of charge spread uniformly on their surfaces. if the repelling force 2.5 N and the distance between the balloon center is 0.03 m, find how much charge is one each balloon

5 x 10^-6 C

two charged particles attract each other with force F. if the charges of both particles are doubles, and the distance between them is also doubled, then the force of attraction will be

F

two charged particles repel each other with a force F. if the charge of both particles is tripled and the distance between them is also tripled, then the force will be

F

two charged particles repel each other with a force F. if the charge of one of the particles is doubled and the distance between them is also doubled, then the force will be

F/2

two charged particles repel each other with a force F. if one of the particles is doubled and the distance between them is halved, then the force will be

F/2 F F/4 2F *none of the choices*

a common naturally-polarized bit of matter is

a water molecule

superconductors are noted for their

absence of resistance

a semiconductor can be

an insulator a conductor *both of these*

the pair of protons in the nucleus of a helium atom

attract a pair of orbiting electrons

an electron and a proton

attract each other

it is said that electric charge is conserved, which means that electric charge

can be neither created nor destroyed

electrical potential, measure in volts, is the ratio of electric energy to the amount of electric

charge

normally a small party balloon charged to several thousand volts will have a relatively small amount of

charge

if you rub an inflated balloon against your hair and place the balloon against the wall it will stick to the wall, illustrating

charge polarization

the electrical force between charges is strongest when the charges are

close together

an electroscope is charged positively an indicated by foil leaves that stand apart. as a negative charge is brought close to the electroscope, the leaves become

closer together

the force that binds atoms together to form molecules is

electrical

the fundamental force underlying all chemical reactions is

electrical

two protons attract each other gravitationally and repel each other electrically. the stronger of these two forces is

electrical

electrostatics is a branch of electricity that focuses on

electrical force electrical charge *both of these when static*

in an electrically neutral atom the numbers of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of

electrons that surround the nucleus

Lillian safely touches a 100,000 volt Van de Graaf generator. although the voltage is high, the relatively small amount of charge means a relatively small amount of

energy transfer

a conductor differs from an insulator in that conductor has more

faster moving molecules protons than electrons energy than an insulator electrons than protons *none of the choices*

to become a negative ion, an atom must

gain an electron

it is said that electric charge is quantized, which means that the charge on an object

is a whole-number multiple of the charge of one electron

a fundamental rule of electricity is that

like kinds of charges repel unlike kinds of charges attract *both of these*

conducting materials are composed of atoms with

loose outer electrons

change carriers in a metal are electrons rather than protons because electrons are

loosely bound

to become a positive ion, an atom must

lose an electron

if you comb your hair and the comb because positively charged, then your hair becomes

negatively charged

rub electrons from your hair with a comb and the comb becomes

negatively charged

before a thunder storm, clouds in the sky likely become

polarized

if electrons are stripped from an atom it becomes a

positive ion

a positive ion has more

protons than electrons

when the distance between two charges is halved, the electrical force between them

quadruples

a main difference between gravitational and electric forces is that electrical forces

repel or attract

the electrical force between electric charged depends only on their

separation distance magnitude *both of these*

the unit of electric charge, the coulomb, is the charge on a

specific large number of electrons

although the energy per coulomb of a high-voltage party balloon is high, the energy transfer that occurs if you touch it is low due to

the relatively small amount of charge

particle A has twice the charge of nearby particle B. compared to the force on particle A, the force on particle B is

the same

the vast numbers of electrons in a coin don't fly off the surface because

they are attracted by an equal number of protons

insulating materials are composed of atoms with

tightly bound outer electrons

the electric field between oppositely - charged parallel plates is

uniform

during a lightning strike you don't want to be inside a building framed with

wood