Chapter 22 science

How much ionization has occurred in a dilute solution of a strong acid?

- It has completely ionized

What happens to the pH of a solution if the concentration of a base is increased?

- It increases

How much dissociation has occurred in a concentrated solution of a weak acid?

-It has a large amount of dissolved acid that is partially ionized.

List three facts about bases.

-рH 7-14 ·Exist as crystalline solids •Neutralized by acids · lonic bonds · Turn litmus blue . Dissociate OH- ions .Slippery

List three facts about antacids.

-рH 9-10 .'Tums' Neutralize painful stomach acid •'Pepto Bismol'

What happens to the number of +H30 ions as the concentration of an acid is increased?

. It increases

What forms when HCI is combined with NaOH?

.NacI (SALT) ·H20

What do we call the process when an acid is combined with a base?

.Neutralization

List three common acids.

.Oranges Pineapple •Lemon · Tomato .Coffee · Vinegar

To raise the pH of a pool| from 5 to 8, what should be added?

.pH ↑ from the pool store (pH ↑ is a base)

What happens to the pH of a solution if the concentration of an acid is increased?

It decreases

How much dissociation has occurred in a concentrated solution of a weak base?

It has a large amount of dissolved base that is partially dissociated.

Figure 23-1 shows....... a. ionization of a base b. ionization of an acid c. neutralization of an acid d. neutralization of a base

b. ionization of an acid

A ..................is a compound formed in solution from the negative ion of an acid and the positive ion of a base. a. soap b. salt c. glycerin d. detergent

b. salt

What is the pH of: 1. strong acid 2. strong base

1.0 2. 14

3- Explain how concentration differs from strength.

3- Concentration is a comparison of the amount of water to the amount of solute dissolved. It can be dilute or concentrated. Strength is how well an acid or base can produce ions in solution.

1- Explain how the strength of an acid or base is determined. Also, which dissociate and which ones ionize?

A weak acid or base does not produce many ions in a water solution unlike a strong acid or base that produces many ions in solution. Bases dissociate and acids ionize.

2- Explain how acids and bases are electrolytes in solutions of water.

An acid or base solution contains ions that can carry a charge, like metal in a wire, in a water solution.

To raise the pH of a pool from 6 to 8, what should be added?

Any base such as ammonia, or soap.

Ammonia is a weak base because it produces.........ions in solution. a. many B. Only a few c. strong d. weak

B. Only a few

List three common acids.

Battery acid .Stomach acid .Sprite .Sulfuric acid ·Banana

Although other things might work, Mr. Stumpf decides it might be more effective to use store-bought pool chemicals. Which of these should he buy to neutralize the pool with a pH of 7.9? a. CHLORINATING LIQUID b. PH Increaser C. Muriatic acid d. Calcium

C. Muriatic acid

A(n) is substance that produces H+ ions in a water solution. a. salt b. base C. acid d. alcohol

C. acid

A(n)...........is a substance that produces H+ ions in a water solution. a. alcohol b. salt C. acid d. base

C. acid

Ammonia is a weak base because it produces................. ions in solution. a. strong b. weak C. only a few d. many

C. only a few

A 7 pH is acidic. True False

False

Bases produce Hydrogen ions in solution. True False

False

Bases turn litmus paper red. True False

False

Because they have stronger bonds, strong acids dissociate less ions than weak acids. True False

False

Concentration of an acid or base refers to its ability to dissociate while the strength of an acid or base is how much of it is dissolved in water. True False

False

Concentration of an acid or base refers to its ability to dissociate while the strength of an acid or base is how much of it is dissolved in water. True False

False

How does a weak acid behave differently in solution than a strong acid?

In a strong acid, when added to water, most or ALL of its molecules ionize, creating H3O.

How does a strong base behave differently in solution than a weak base?

In a strong base, when added to water, most or ALL of its ions dissociate.

How does a strong acid behave differently in solution than a weak acid?

In a weak acid, when added to water, only a small fraction of its molecules ionize, creating H30.

How does a weak base behave differently in solution than a strong base?

In a weak base, when added to water, only a few of its ions dissociate.

What happens to the number of OH- ions as the concentration of a base is increased?

It increases

As an electrolyte, how would a strong acid or base affect the brightness of a bulb?

It would be brighter since it conducts electricity better · It's a stronger electrolyte and has more ions in solution

Acids react with metals. True False

True

Acids taste sour. True False

True

Bases feel slippery on skin. True False

True

Bases have a pH between 7-14. True False

True

Bases produce negative OH ions in solution while acids produce positive H ions in solution. True False

True

Bases produce negative OH ions in solution while acids produce positive I ions in solution. True False

True

Bases taste sorta bitter. True False

True

The pH of blood, seawater, soaps, and oven cleaners are between 7-14. True False

True

The pH of lemon juice, sprite soda, vinegar, and coffee are between 0-7. True False

True

Figure 23-1 Figure 23-1 shows .............. a. neutralization of a base b. ionization of an acid c. neutralization of an acid d. ionization of a base

b. ionization of an acid

..............change color in the presence of an acid or a base. a. Indicators b. Buffers C. Acids d. Glycerins

a. Indicators

.................of a solution refers to the ease with which an acid or base forms ions in solution. a. Strength b. Concentration c. Acidity d. pH

a. Strength

A bitter taste and a slippery feel are clues that a solution is probably a(n) .................. a. base b. acid c. hydrate d. salt

a. base

To neutralize gastric juices in your stomach, antacids contain ...................... a. bases b. hydronium ions C. H+ ions d. phenolphthalein

a. bases

In a ..................reaction, an acid and a base produce a salt and a water. a. neutralization b. concentrated c. decomposition d. dilute

a. neutralization

A ................is a compound formed in solution from the negative ion of an acid and the positive ion of base. a. salt b. soap c. glycerin d. detergent

a. salt

A base that only partly ionizes in a solution is a ...............base. a. weak b. dilute C. concentrated d. strong

a. weak

Mr. Murray uses a very precise pH indicator and determines the pH of his pool is 6.1. According to the science we have learned, which of the following will help return the pool pH back to 7.3? a. four choices are correct b. two choices are correct c. adding HCI ("muratic solution") d. pouring lemonade in the pool e. adding baking soda f. adding tums g. pouring sprite soda in the pool

b. two choices are correct

A base that only partly ionizes in a solution is a .................base. a. concentrated b. weak c. strong d. dilute

b. weak

pH measures the ....................of hydronium ions in a solution. a. versatility b. strength c. concentration d. neutralization

c. concentration

The formula HCI stands for......... a. sodium hydroxide b. the hydronium ion c. hydrochloric acid d. hydrogen peroxide

c. hydrochloric acid

The process shown here involving Hydrochloric acid ............... a. dissociation b. none of the choices c. ionization d. dissolving

c. ionization

.....................of a basic or acidic solution refers to the ease with which an acid or base forms ions in solution . a. Acidity b. Concentration C. pH d. Strength

d. Strength

A bitter taste and a slippery feel are clues that a solution is probably a(n) ............. a. hydrate b. salt C. acid d base

d. base

pH measures the..............of hydronium ions in a solution. a. neutralization b. versatility c. strength d. concentration

d. concentration

The formula HCI stands for............... a. sodium hydroxide b. the hydronium ion c. hydrogen peroxide d. hydrochloric acid

d. hydrochloric acid

H30 *units are also known as.... a. hydroxide ions b. hydrogen ions c. hydroxyl groups d. hydronium ions

d. hydronium ions

In the process shown here, involving sugar and water, a. covalent bonds are broken b. none of the choices c. ionic bonds are broken d. no bonds are broken

d. no bonds are broken

Mrs. Rosander uses a very precise pH indicator and determines the pH of his pool is 8.5. According to the science we have learned, which of the following will help return the pool pH back to 7.3? a. four choices are correct b. adding baking soda c. adding tums d. pouring lemonade in the pool e. three choices are correct f. pouring sprite soda in the pool g. adding HCI ("muratic solution") h. two choices are correct

e. three choices are correct

List three facts about acids.

lonize H30 in water . Turn litmus paper red . Taste sour .Covalent bonds .Found in plants •pH 0-7 -Neutralized by bases

List three common bases.

· Antacid ·Soap · Ammonia .Oven cleaner · Magnesium Hydroxide .Calcium Hydroxide

"Vhat forms when an acid s combined with a base?

· H20 & salt

What forms when H2SO4 is combined with AIOH3?

·Al2(SO4)3 (SALT) ·H2O

To lower the pH of a pool from 9 to 6, what should be added?

·Any acid such as vinegar, lemonade, coffee

measures how acidic or basic a substance is...... а. pH b. A base C. An ester d. The hydronium ion

а. pH

How much dissociation has occurred in a dilute solution of a strong base?

• It has completely dissociated

Nhat forms when H3PO4 s combined with CaOH?

•Ca3(PO4)2 (SALT) ·H20

What happens when an acid is combined with a base?

•The OH- ions combine with H30 ions to form H20 .The metal from the base combines with the anion of the acid to form salt.

To lower the pH of a pool from 9 to 6, what should be added?

•pH Į from the pool store (pH Į is acidic)