chapter 23

Despite his status as a military hero, General Ulysses S. Grant proved to be a weak political leader because he

had no political experience and was a poor judge of character.

As a solution to the depression that followed the panic of 1873, debtors strongly advocated

inflation through issuance of far more greenback paper currency.

The Crédit Mobilier scandal involved

railroad construction kickbacks.

The absence of children in largely all-male Chinese immigrant communities meant that

the cultural and language assimilation fostered by children were harder to attain.

A major cause of the panic that broke in 1873 was

the expansion of more factories, railroads, and mines than existing markets would bear.

The political base of the Democratic party in the late nineteenth century lay especially in

the white South and big-city immigrant machines.

President Cleveland's response to the depression of the 1890s demonstrated that he

was unable to deal effectively with such a massive economic crisis.

Which of the following was not among the platform planks adopted by the Populist party in their convention of 1892?

Government guarantees of parity prices for farmers

Economic unrest and the repeal of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act led to the rise of the pro-silver leader

William Jennings Bryan.

The presidential elections of the 1870s and 1880s

aroused enormous turnouts among voters even though there were few significant issues.

During the Gilded Age, the Democrats and the Republicans

had few significant policy differences.

James Blaine

"Half-Breeds"

Which one of the following is least related to the other four?

"Ohio Idea"

In the 1896 case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that

"separate but equal" facilities were constitutional.

At the end of Reconstruction, Southern whites disenfranchised African Americans using

All of these

Which of the following internal developments in China resulted in Chinese immigration to the United States?

All of these

Which one of the following Gilded Age presidents had a different party affiliation from the other four?

Grover Cleveland

Benjamin Harrison's victory over Grover Cleveland in the election of 1888 was unusual in that

Harrison lost the popular vote to Cleveland but won in the electoral college.

The sequence of presidential terms of the "forgettable presidents" of the Gilded Age (including Cleveland's two nonconsecutive terms) was

Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, Cleveland, Harrison, and Cleveland.

The four states completely carried by the Populists in the election of 1892 were

Kansas, Colorado, Idaho, and Nevada.

Horace Greeley

Liberal Republicans

New York's notoriously corrupt Boss Tweed was finally jailed under the pressure of

New York Times exposés and the cartoons of Thomas Nast.

Which of the following was not among the groups that formed the solid political base of the Republican party in the late nineteenth century?

Northern big cities

In religious and cultural terms, the Republicans appealed especially to groups that derived their views from the

Puritan tradition of strict moral codes and government regulation of morality and society.

Ulysses Grant

Regular Republicans

Roscoe Conkling

Stalwarts

Which of these is NOT a true statement about the relationship between blacks and sharecropping in the years after Reconstruction?

White southerners did not work as sharecroppers.

One result of Republican hard money policies in the mid-1870s was

a political turn to the Democrats and new Greenback Labor party.

The early Populist campaign to create a coalition of white and black farmers ended in

a racist backlash that eliminated black voting in the South.

The conservative white Bourbon Democrats of the South largely succeeded in crushing the Populist revolt by

appealing to poor white farmers' antiblack racial feelings against their economic interests.

With the Pendleton Act prohibiting political contributions from many federal workers, politicians increasingly sought money from

big corporations.

President Grover Cleveland aroused widespread public anger by his action of

borrowing $65 million in gold from J.P. Morgan's banking syndicate.

In an attempt to avoid prosecution for their corrupt dealings, the owners of the Crédit Mobilizer

bribed key congressmen by giving them shares of the company's valuable stock.

When he was president, Grover Cleveland's strong belief in a laissez-faire approach to government gained the support of

businesspeople.

President James A. Garfield was assassinated

by a deranged, disappointed office seeker.

The legal codes that established the system of segregation were

called Jim Crow laws.

Public executions and lynchings of black men in the Jim Crow South were

designed to intimidate African Americans to accept second-class status.

One of the main reasons that the Chinese came to the United States was to

dig for gold.

The Liberal Republican revolt from the regular Republican party in 1872 was motivated primarily by

disgust at the corruption and scandals of the Grant administration.

The Billion-Dollar Congress quickly disposed of rising government surpluses by

expanding pensions for Civil War veterans.

All of the following are true statements about the Civil Rights Act of 1875 except

it was supposed to guarantee equal rights in voting and access to education for blacks and whites.

The 1884 election contest between James G. Blaine and Grover Cleveland was noted for

its viciously personal attacks between the two candidates.

Grover Cleveland proposed to address the problem of the large federal budget surplus by

lowering the tariff.

Blacks who violated the Jim Crow laws or other elements of the South's racial code were often subject to

lynching.

Black Americans were hard hit by the gloom times of the depression years of the mid 1870s because

many had put their money in the Freedman's Savings and Trust, only to see it vanish due to bad investments.

The Chinese word tong means

meeting hall.

In the late nineteenth century, those political candidates who campaigned by "waving the bloody shirt" were reminding voters

of the gory memories of the Civil War and the Republican party's role in the Union's victory.

In the presidential election of 1868, Ulysses S. Grant

owed his victory to the votes of former slaves.

Those who enjoyed a successful political career in the post-Civil War decades were usually

party loyalists.

In the wake of anti-Chinese violence in California, the United States Congress

passed a law prohibiting the immigration of Chinese laborers to America.

During the Gilded Age, the lifeblood of both the Democratic and the Republican parties was

political patronage.

Despite the lack of national political issues, Gilded Age elections often produced fierce local contests over culturally and religiously charged issues like

prohibition and education.

The presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes began with

sharp class conflict and a national railroad strike.

One reason for the extremely high voter turnouts and partisan fervor of the Gilded Age was

sharp ethnic and cultural differences in the membership of the two parties.

The tariff bill, sponsored by the talented Congressman William McKinley of Ohio, provided for

sky-high tariff rates that stirred rural discontent.

The fundamental attitude of Hayes and other Republican administrations toward labor agitation was

strong support for the railroads and other business in their efforts to crush labor organizing.

The Pendleton Act required people applying for many federal government jobs to

take a competitive examination.

The major campaign issue of the 1888 presidential election was

tariff policy.

President Ulysses S. Grant was reelected in 1872 because

the Democrats and Liberal Republicans chose the eccentric editor Horace Greeley as their candidate.

An epidemic of violent strikes and labor conflict in 1892 led to the prospect of

the Populists adding industrial workers to their base of support among farmers.

The national railroad strike of 1877 started when

the four largest railroads cut salaries by 10 percent.

President Cleveland's hostility to silver and silver-backed currency was driven primarily by his fear that

the growing drain of gold from the U.S. Treasury would force the United States off the gold standard.

The political developments of the l890s were largely shaped by

the most severe and extended economic depression up to that time.

The major problem in the 1876 presidential election centered on

the two sets of election returns submitted by Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana.

The Compromise of 1877 resulted in

the withdrawal of federal troops and abandonment of black rights in the South.

Grover Cleveland stirred political opposition by

vetoing many veterans' pension bills.

In the aftermath of the Civil War

waste, speculation, and corruption afflicted both business and government.

During the mid to late nineteenth century, Chinese women

were few in number, and most became prostitutes.

Labor unrest during the Hayes administration stemmed from

years of depression and deflation that undermined workers' living standards.