Chapter 23: the scrotum (practice test), ch 23 scrotum male pevis

The blue dot sign is indicative of: a. testicular torsion b. epididymitis c. orchitis d. torsion of the testicular appendage

d. torsion of the testicular appendage

A common cause of acute scrotal pain in adults is: A) an epidermal cyst B) epididymo-orchitis C) a spermatocele D) testicular torsion

B) epididymo-orchitis

The most common location of prostatic cancer is the: a. peripheral zone b. transitional zone c. central zone d. verumontanum

a. peripheral zone

What is the most common correctable cause of male infertility? a. varicocele b. chlamydia c. hydrocele d. testicular torsion

a. varicocele

The most common location of benign prostatic hypertrophy is the: a. Peripheral zone b. Transitional zone c. Central zone d. Verumontanum

b. Transitional zone

A simple fluid collection surrounding the testis is referred to as a: a. hematocele b. hydrocele c. varicocele d. spermatocele

b. hydrocele

A spermatocele is always located in which portion of the epididymis? A) head B) neck C) body D) tail

A) head

A seminoma of the testicle generally appears on Ultrasound as a(n) ______ mass. A) hypoechic B) complex C) hyperechoic D) anechoic

A) hypoechic

Intratesticular cysts have an association with: A) spermatocele B) germ cell tumors C) hydroceles D) microlithiasis

A) spermatocele

The testes are covered by a fibrous capsule formed by the: A) tunica albuginea B) Cowper's fascia B) cremaster muscle D) dartos muscle

A) tunica albuginea

Tubular ectasia of the rete testis is associated with a(n): A) hydrocele B) varicocele C) epididymal cyst D) inguinal hernia

C) epididymal cyst

Sonographic characteristic of the normal testis include a(n): A) inhomogeneous pattern with dense internal echoes B) homogeneous pattern with low-level internal echoes C) homogeneous pattern with medium-level echoes D) inhomogeneous pattern with medium-level echoes

C) homogeneous pattern with medium-level echoes

Compared with the testis, the epididymis typically appears: A) anechoic B) hyperechoic C) hypoechoic D) homogeneous

C) hypoechoic

A hydrocele develops between the: A) visceral and parietal layers of the tunica albuginea B) tunica albuginea and tunica vaginalis C) parietal and visceral layers of the tunica vaginalis D) scrotum and tunica albuginea

C) parietal and visceral layers of the tunica vaginalis

The most common cause of acute scrotal pain in the adolescent is: A) a varicocele B) epididymis C) testicular torsion D) an inguinal hernia

C) testicular torsion

The epididymis is located ______ to the testis. A) anterior and inferior B) anterior and superior C) posterior and inferior D) posterior and superior

D) posterior and superior

Secondary varicoceles are associated with all of the following except: a. Left-sided location b. Right-sided location c. Hepatomegaly d. Renal mass

a. Left-sided location

Which of the following techniques is useful at providing sonographic evidence of a varicocele? a. Valsalva maneuver b. sitting position c. pulsed Doppler d. right lateral decubitus position

a. Valsalva maneuver

All of the following are sonographic findings consistent with the diagnosis of testicular torsion except: a. hyperemic flow within the testis b. hypoechoic testis c. reactive hydrocele d. decreased intratesticular flow (as compared with the asymptomatic testis)

a. hyperemic flow within the testis

All of the following are sonographic findings consistent with torsion of the testicular appendage except: a. no intratesticular flow b. small hyperechoic mass adjacent to the testis c. reactive hydrocele d. scrotal wall thickening

a. no intratesticular flow

A dilated group of veins found within the scrotum is defined as a: a. Varicocele b. Spermatocele c. Seminoma d. Hydrocele

a. varicocele

Primary varicoceles are associated with all of the following except: a. left-sided location b. retroperitoneal mass c. infertility d. palpable extratesticular mass

b. retroperitoneal mass

The most common location of a varicocele is: a. the right side of the scrotum b. the left side of the scrotum c. the inguinal canal d. within the testis

b. the left side of the scrotum

Which of the following best describes a spermatocele? a. The most common malignant neoplasm of the scrotum b. A benign intratesticular cyst c. A simple-appearing cyst, found within the head of the epididymis, that may contain debris d. A dilated group of veins found within the scrotum

c. A simple-appearing cyst, found within the head of the epididymis, that may contain debris

Enlargement of the prostate in older men is most often caused by: a. Prostatitis b. Prostate cancer c. Benign prostatic hypertrophy d. Klinefelter syndrome

c. Benign prostatic hypertrophy

The lack of the normal fixation of the testis to the posterior scrotal wall is referred to as: a. Klinefelter syndrome b. blue dot sign c. bell-clapper deformity d. cryptorchidism

c. bell-clapper deformity

You have been asked to perform a study to rule out cryptorchidism. The term cryptorchidism denotes: a. one or both of the testicles has a malignancy b. the patient lacks the normal fixation of the testis to the posterior scrotal wall c. one or both of the testicles has not descended into the scrotum d. the patient has been kicked in the scrotum

c. one or both of the testicles has not descended into the scrotum

The most common germ cell tumor of the testis is the: a. yolk sac tumor b. embryonal cell carcinoma c. seminoma d. teratoma

c. seminoma

A common cyst most often seen in the head of the epididymis that contains nonviable sperm is the: a. epididymal cyst b. tunica albuginea cyst c. spermatocele d. seminoma

c. spermatocele

A 23-year old man presents to the ultrasound department with a history of infertility. Which of the following is associated with male infertility? a. spermatocele b. choriocarcinoma c. varicocele d. hydrocele

c. varicocele

What is the most common sonographic appearance of a seminoma? a. hyperechoic b. anechoic c. heterogeneous with calcifications d. hypoechoic

d. hypoechoic

What is the most common cancer found in men? a. testicular cancer b. lung cancer c. liver cancer d. prostate cancer

d. prostate cancer

Spermatogenesis occurs within the: a. tunica albuginea b. rete testis c. mediastinum testis d. seminiferous tubules

d. seminiferous tubules

The exocrine function of the testicles is to produce: a. testosterone b. human chorionic gonadotropin c. alpha-fetoprotein d. sperm

d. sperm

Acute onset of testicular pain at rest is a common clinical finding with: a. testicular carcinoma b. hydrocele c. testicular trauma d. testicular torsion

d. testicular torsion

What scrotal abnormality is caused by incompetent valves within the pampiniform plexus? a. testicular carcinoma b. testicular microlithiasis c. testicular torsion d. varicocele

d. varicocele

The diameter of a varicocele measures more than _____ millimeters (mm). A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5

A) 2

The rete testis is located: A) at the hilum of the testis B) in the epididymis C) at the superior pole of the testis D) at the inferior pole of the testis

A) at the hilum of the testis

Which one of the following almost always transpires secondary to epididymitis? A) orchitis B) hydrocele C) spermatocele D) varicocele

A) orchitis

Which one of the following facts about an undescended testis is false? A) the testis originates in the retroperitoneum at the level of the fetal kidney B) all undescended testes are found in the inguinal canal C) an associated risk for testicular malignancy can develop D) an increased incidence of infertility exists

B) all undescended testes are found in the inguinal canal

Follow-up examination of patients with microlithiasis is recommended: A) semiannually B) annually C) every 5 years D) follow-up is not recommended

B) annually

A linear stripe of variable thickness and echogenicity running through the testis in a craniocaudal direction represents the: A) Cowper's fascia B) mediastinum testis C) epithelial layer D) dartos muscle

B) mediastinum testis

Common causes of hydrocele include all of the following except: A) trauma B) microlithiasis C) epididymo-orchitis D) testicular torsion

B) microlithiasis

A clinical history of a vasectomy is associated with: A) testicular torsion B) sperm granulomas C) microlithiasis D) varicoceles

B) sperm granulomas

Attached at the superior pole of the testis between the epididymis and the testis is which one of the following? A) rete testis B) mediastinum testis C) appendix testis D) spermatocele

C) appendix testis

Epididymo-orchitis most commonly results from a: A) trauma B) virus C) bladder infection D) sexually transmitted

C) bladder infection

The testes measure: A) 6 cm long, 3 cm in depth (anteroposterioroy [AP]), 3 cm wide B) 4 cm long, 3 cm in diameter (AP), 2 cm wide C) 2 cm long, 5 cm in diameter (AP), 5 cm wide D) 4 cm long, 3 cm in diameter (AP), 3 cm wide

D) 4 cm long, 3 cm in diameter (AP), 3 cm wide

Microlithiasis of the testis is associated with a(n): A) hydrocele B) inguinal hernia C) spermatocele D) malignant neoplasm

D) malignant neoplasm

The endocrine function of the testicles is to produce: a. testosterone b. human chorionic gonadotropin c. alpha-fetoprotein d. sperm

a. testosterone

A 7-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with acute testicular pain localized to the superior pole of his right testis. What is the most likely diagnosis? a. testicular torsion b. hydrocele c. torsion of the testicular appendage d. yolk sac tumor

c. torsion of the testicular appendage

Dilated veins of a varicocele will measure: a. >8mm b. >4mm c. <2mm d. >2mm

d. >2mm

Which one of the following statements about varicoceles is false? A) varicoceles refer to dilated, serpiginous, and elongated veins of the pampinform plexus B) varicoceles are more common on the right side of the scrotum C) primary varicoceles result from incompetent valves in the spermatic vein D) secondary varicoceles develop from compression of the spermatic vein

B) varicoceles are more common on the right side of the scrotum

The primary source of blood flow to the testicles is via the _______ arteries. A) renal B) internal iliac C) testicular D) centripetal

C) testicular

The most common location of a hydrocele is: a. superior to the testis b. within the scrotal wall c. between the two layers of the tunica vaginalis d. between the tunica vaginalis and tunica albuginea

c. between the two layers of the tunica vaginalis