Chapter 24 & 26

be sterile.

A boy has a genetic mutation such that FSH is not produced, but LH is normal. After the boy grows to maturity, it is likely he will be impotent. produce large amounts of inhibin. be sterile. have impaired function of the interstitial cells. not develop secondary sex characteristics.

a knot of capillaries within the renal corpuscle

A glomerulus is a knot of capillaries within the renal corpuscle. the horseshoe-shaped segment of the nephron. the expanded end of a nephron. the middle segment of the renal tubule. attached to the collecting duct.

1200 mL

A healthy adult typically produces ________ of urine per day. 2500 mL 500 mL 25 mL 1200 mL 250 mL

luteinizing hormone.

A mature follicle releases an ovum in response to a surge in progesterone. estrogen. oxytocin. follicle-stimulating hormone. luteinizing hormone.

follicle maturation

A rise in the blood levels of follicle-stimulating hormone at the beginning of the ovarian cycle is responsible for ovulation. menstruation. follicle maturation. atresia. menopause.

the secretory phase

A sample of a woman's blood is analyzed for reproductive hormone levels. The results indicate a high level of progesterone, relatively high levels of inhibin, and low levels of FSH and LH. The female is most likely experiencing ________ of the uterine cycle. the secretory phase the proliferative phase menopause menses menarche

the external urethral sphincter

If you have to urinate, but have to "hold it" until you can find a bathroom, what structure are you "holding it" with? the internal anal sphincter the external urethral sphincter the trigone the pyloric sphincter the internal urethral sphincter

micturition

In French, it's "faire de pipi," in Spanish, it's "hacer pipí," in English, it's "I have to pee." What's the medical term for this universal urge to pass urine? filtration degustation mastication defecation micturition

mitochondria

In a spermatozoon, activity in the ________ provides energy required to move the tail. Golgi apparatus mitochondria lysosomes nucleus endoplasmic reticulum

inguinal canal

The ________ is an opening through which the spermatic cord passes. seminiferous tubule efferent ductule inguinal canal infundibulum scrotal cavity

endometrium

The ________ is the inner lining of the uterus. perimetrium myometrium endometrium germinal epithelium uterine lumen

perimetrium

The ________ is the outer lining of the uterus. myometrium perimetrium endometrium germinal epithelium uterine lumen

head

The ________ is the part of the sperm that contains the DNA. middle piece neck acrosomal cap flagellum head

zona pellucida

The ________ is the region between the developing oocyte and the granulosa cells. antrum zona pellucida egg nest corpus albicans corona radiata

fornix

The ________ is the region of the vagina that surrounds the cervix. rugae external os fundus fornix dartos

fundus

The ________ is the rounded portion of the uterine body superior to the attachment of the uterine tubes. body cervix myometrium internal os fundus

suspensory

The ________ ligament extends from the lateral surface of the ovary to the pelvic wall. ovarian inguinal suspensory tunica albuginea broad

acrosomal cap

The ________ of a sperm contains the enzymes essential for fertilization. flagellum neck middle piece acrosomal cap None of the answers is correct.

both the distal convoluted tubule and the collecting duct.

The ability to form concentrated urine depends on the functions of the proximal convoluted tubule. the distal convoluted tubule. the nephron loop. the collecting duct. both the distal convoluted tubule and the collecting duct.

carries blood to the glomerulus

The afferent arteriole in the kidney is also known as the descending limb of the nephron loop. carries blood to the glomerulus. empties directly into the calyx of the medulla. carries blood from glomerular capsule to the nephron loop. returns blood to the inferior vena cava.

glomerular filtration rate.

The amount of filtrate produced by the kidneys each minute is called the filtration ratio. glomerular filtration rate. corpuscular output. autoregulation capacity. net filtration pressure.

trigone

The area of the urinary bladder bounded by the openings of the two ureters and the urethra is called the ruga. detrusor muscle. trigone. vasa recta. lamina propria.

28 days

The average length of the uterine cycle is 28 days. 35 days. 21 days. 19 days. 16 days.

pectoralis major

The breasts are attached to the chest superficial to the ________ muscle. rectus abdominis subclavius pectoralis major serratus anterior trapezius

renal pelvis

The cavity of the kidney that receives urine from the calyces is called the renal sinus. renal papilla. renal pelvis. renal medulla. renal cortex.

compresses the urinary bladder and expels urine through the urethra

The detrusor muscle moves urine along the ureters by peristalsis. compresses the urinary bladder and expels urine through the urethra. surrounds the renal pelvis. functions as the internal urinary sphincter. functions as the external urinary sphincter.

pertibular

The efferent arteriole of a nephron divides to form a network of capillaries within the cortex called the ________ capillaries. cortical peritubular efferent vasa recta glomerular

corpus spongiosum.

The erectile tissue that surrounds the urethra is the corpus spongiosum. membranous urethra. corpus cavernosum. penile urethra. glans penis.

produce gametes and produce hormones

What is the function of gonads? produce hormones produce gametes transport gametes produce gametes and produce hormones None of the answers is correct.

4, 1, 3, 2

What is the proper arrangement of the four structures listed below into the order in which sperm pass from the testis to the urethral meatus? 1. ductus deferens 2. urethra 3. ejaculatory duct 4. epididymis 4, 1, 2, 3 4, 1, 3, 2 4, 3, 1, 2 1, 3, 4, 2 1, 4, 3, 2

tertiary follicle

What is the structure that ruptures during ovulation? secondary follicle zona pellucida antrum tertiary follicle All of the answers are correct.

99

What percentage of nutrients (glucose, amino acids, etc.) is reabsorbed in the PCT? 75 99 50 90 25

filtration

What physiological process occurs at the structure labeled "2"? excretion reabsorption secretion micturition filtration

spermatocyte

When spermatogonia divide, the two daughter cells produced are a spermatogonium and a Sertoli cell. spermatocyte. spermatid. sperm. spermatozoon.

more urine is produced and the osmolarity of the urine decreases.

When the level of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) decreases, more urine is produced. the osmolarity of the urine decreases. less urine is produced. more urine is produced and the osmolarity of the urine decreases. None of the answers is correct.

both estrogen and progesterone.

After ovulation, the ovary secretes estrogen. luteinizing hormone. progesterone. both estrogen and progesterone. luteinizing hormone, estrogen, and progesterone.

loses a portion of its lining during menses.

All of the following are true of the vagina except that it forms the lower portion of the birth canal. serves as a passageway for the elimination of menstrual fluids. loses a portion of its lining during menses. holds spermatozoa prior to their passage to the uterus. receives the penis during coitus.

female external genitalia.

Another term for vulva is gonads. female external genitalia. labia. accessory glands. vagina.

increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to water.

Antidiuretic hormone is secreted in response to low potassium ion in the blood. causes the kidneys to produce a larger volume of very dilute urine. increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to water. is secreted by the anterior pituitary. release is insensitive to the osmolarity of interstitial fluid.

180

Approximately ________ liters of glomerular filtrate enter glomerular capsules each day. 18 1.8 480 125 180

99

As the filtrate passes through the renal tubules, approximately what percentage is reabsorbed and returned to the circulation? 38 1 63 74 99

have been pulled through the abdominal musculature into the scrotum.

At 8 months development in a male fetus, the testes have been pulled through the abdominal musculature into the scrotum. remain in the abdominal cavity.

efferent arteriole

Blood leaves the glomerulus through a blood vessel called the cortical radiate artery. afferent arteriole. efferent arteriole. renal vein. vasa recta.

cotransport with Na ions.

Chloride ion is reabsorbed in the thick ascending limb by cotransport with Na ions. active transport. simple diffusion. countertransport for bicarbonate ion. facilitated diffusion.

nephron loop

Countercurrent multiplication takes place in the glomerular capsule. collecting duct. glomerulus. distal convoluted tubule. nephron loop.

renal papilla

Identify the structure labeled "8." renal column renal sinus renal pyramid renal papilla fibrous capsule

synapsis; tetrad

During meiosis I, in maternal and paternal systems, chromosomes fuse together during the process called ________ to form a ________. synapsis; tetrad prophase I; chromatid synapsis; spermatid synapsis; chromatid metaphase II; tetrad

the old functional layer is sloughed off.

During the menses, progesterone levels are high. a new uterine lining is formed. secretory glands and blood vessels develop in the endometrium. the corpus luteum is most active. the old functional layer is sloughed off.

stimulation of stretch receptors in the bladder wall sends impulses to the sacral cord

During the micturition reflex, stimulation of stretch receptors in the bladder wall sends impulses to the sacral cord. the internal sphincter is consciously relaxed. sympathetic motor neurons that control the detrusor muscle become active. All of the answers are correct. None of the answers is correct.

the functional zone of the endometrium is restored.

During the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle, the functional zone of the endometrium is restored. the corpus luteum is forming. the fertilized ovum implants. All of the answers are correct. None of the answers is correct.

renal pelvis

Identify the structure labeled "9." renal pelvis minor calyx ureter major calyx renal column

proteins

Each of the following is a normal constituent of urine except proteins. urea. uric acid. hydrogen ions. creatinine.

rectum

Each of the following organs is part of the urinary system except the kidney. urethra. ureter. urinary bladder. rectum.

cortex

Eighty-five percent of nephrons in the human kidney are located in the ________ and have short nephron loops. medulla renal columns renal pelvis cortex fibrous capsule

labia majora.

Fatty folds of skin that encircle and partially conceal the labia minora and vestibule are the ampullae. vestibular arches. labia majora. fornices. mons pubis.

uterine tube.

Fertilization of an ovum usually takes place in the ovary itself. vagina. cervix. uterine tube. uterus.

stimulates spermatogenesis and stimulates maturation of primordial follicles in the ovary.

Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates spermatogenesis. stimulates the thyroid follicles. stimulates maturation of primordial follicles in the ovary. is important only in females. stimulates spermatogenesis and stimulates maturation of primordial follicles in the ovary.

producing spermatozoa.

Functions of the accessory glands of the male reproductive system include all of the following except producing buffers. producing spermatozoa. activating the spermatozoa. propelling spermatozoa and fluids along the reproductive tract. meeting the nutrient needs of spermatozoa for motility.

23

How many tetrads form during synapsis? hundreds 23 4 46 thousands

seminal gland

Identify the structure labeled "10." prostate gland testis seminal gland epididymis ductus deferens

ureter

Identify the structure labeled "10." renal pelvis minor calyx ureter major calyx renal column

prostate gland

Identify the structure labeled "11." seminal gland (seminal vesicle) bulbourethral gland epididymis prostate gland ductus deferens

cervix

Identify the structure labeled "11." vagina ureter infundibulum cervix uterus

vagina

Identify the structure labeled "12." uterus labium clitoris vagina ovary

uterine tube

Identify the structure labeled "2." uterine tube ovary clitoris ureter vagina

penile urethra

Identify the structure labeled "3." corpora cavernosa corpus spongiosum penile urethra prostatic urethra ejaculatory duct

ductus deferens

Identify the structure labeled "4." ductus deferens prostate gland testis seminal gland (seminal vesicle) epididymis

renal pyramid

Identify the structure labeled "5." renal sinus renal papilla renal pyramid renal column fibrous capsule

renal column

Identify the structure labeled "6." renal pelvis minor calyx ureter major calyx renal column

cllitoris

Identify the structure labeled "6." uterus cervix clitoris vagina greater vestibular gland

urine with a lower concentration of sodium ions

In response to increased levels of aldosterone, the kidneys produce urine with a lower concentration of potassium ions. urine with less glucose. urine with a higher concentration of sodium ions. urine with a lower concentration of sodium ions. a larger volume of urine.

increase the glomerular filtration rate

Increased sympathetic tone can do all of the following except increase cardiac output. produce venoconstriction of blood reservoirs. increase systemic blood pressure. stimulate peripheral vasoconstriction. increase the glomerular filtration rate.

androgens

Interstitial cells produce androgen-binding protein. inhibin. nutrients. androgens. sperm.

lobules.

Inward projections of the tunica albuginea, known as septa, divide the testis into lobules. straight tubules. seminiferous tubules. rete testis. the epididymis and the testis proper.

large tributaries of the renal pelvis

Major calyces are large tributaries of the renal pelvis. basic functional layers of the kidney. expanded ends of nephrons. the expanded ends of renal pyramids. conical structures that are located in the renal medulla.

progesterone

Menstruation is triggered by a drop in the levels of progesterone. inhibin. relaxin. LH. FSH.

juxtamedullary nephrons.

Nephrons located close to the medulla with long nephron loops are called cortical nephrons. calyces. juxtamedullary nephrons. perimedullary nephrons. columnar nephrons.

first day of menses

On which of the following days would the level of GnRH be highest in a female? first day of menses day of ovulation 3 days after ovulation 3 days before ovulation

increase secretion of renin by the juxtaglomerular complex.

One mechanism the kidney uses to raise systemic blood pressure is to increase secretion of renin by the juxtaglomerular complex. decrease secretion of aldosterone. increase release of angiotensin II by the suprarenal glands. decrease urinary albumin concentration. increase filtration into glomerular (Bowman's) capsule.

every 30 seconds or so

Peristaltic contractions, beginning at the renal pelvis, sweep along the ureter, forcing urine toward the urinary bladder. In a normal, healthy person, how often do these contractions occur? 12-15 times a minute every 2 minutes once every minute every 30 seconds or so It is not known how often these contractions occur.

secretion

Regarding kidney function, in ________, solutes are transported from the peritubular fluid across the tubular epithelium into the tubular fluid. reabsorption secretion filtration

water and solutes are transported from the tubular fluid, across the tubular, epithelium, and into the peritubular fluid

Regarding kidney function, in reabsorption, water and solutes are transported from the tubular fluid, across the tubular, epithelium, and into the peritubular fluid. solutes enter the tubular fluid after exiting the peritubular fluid and crossing the tubular epithelium. blood pressure forces water and solutes across the membranes of the glomerular capillaries and into the capsular space.

bundles of tissue that extend between pyramids from the cortex.

Renal columns are expanded ends of the ureters. conical structures that are located in the renal medulla. bundles of tissue that extend between pyramids from the cortex. the basic functional units of the kidney. internal cavities lined by the fibrous capsule.

may develop in response to testosterone or estrogen.

Secondary sexual characteristics are usually apparent at birth. may develop in response to testosterone. may develop in response to estrogen. may develop in response to testosterone or estrogen. None of the answers is correct.

four, 23

Secondary spermatocytes divide to produce ________ spermatids having ________ chromosomes each. four; 46 four; 23 one; 46 millions of; 23 millions of; 46

23 duplicates of chromosomes

Secondary spermatocytes each contain twice the diploid number of chromosomes. 23 single chromosomes. 23 duplicates of chromosomes. 46 chromosomes. 46 pairs of chromosomes.

peristaltic contractions.

Sperm are moved along the ductus deferens by ciliary action. hydrostatic force. suction. peristaltic contractions. hydraulic action.

spermatogonia.

Sperm develop from stem cells called primary spermatocytes. spermatids. spermatozoa. spermatogonia. secondary spermatocytes.

seminiferous tubules

Sperm production occurs in the rete testis. seminal glands. epididymis. ductus deferens. seminiferous tubules.

spermiogenesis

Spermatids mature into spermatozoa by the process of meiosis. mitosis. spermiogenesis. capacitation. spermatogenesis.

epididymis

Spermatozoa functionally mature within the rete testes. seminal gland. seminiferous tubules. epididymis. ductus deferens.

interstitial cells.

Testosterone is secreted by the hypothalamus. nurse cells. suprarenal cortex. interstitial cells. adenohypophysis.

countertransport

The DCT secretes hydrogen ions in exchange for sodium ions by the process of active transport. facilitated diffusion. cotransport. diffusion. countertransport.

nephron loop

The U-shaped segment of the nephron is the proximal convoluted tubule. nephron loop. minor calyx. distal convoluted tubule. collecting loop.

fimbriae

The ________ are fingerlike projections that capture the freshly ovulated ovum. fimbriae uterine tubes vesicouterine pouches areolae polar bodies

ejaculatory duct

The ________ carries fluid from the seminal gland through the prostate. ampulla ductus deferens efferent tubule ejaculatory duct corpora cavernosa

efferent ductules

The ________ connect the seminiferous tubules to the epididymis. inguinal canals spermatic cords efferent ductules ductus deferentia straight tubules

corona radiata

The ________ consists of the follicle cells that cling to the oocyte after ovulation. zona pellucida egg nest corpus luteum corona radiata antrum

papillary duct

The ________ delivers urine to a minor calyx. distal convoluted tubule papillary duct ureter renal corpuscle nephron loop

vasa recta

The ________ is a capillary plexus that parallels the nephron loop. renal corpuscle glomerulus trigone vasa recta lamina propria

scrotum

The ________ is a fleshy pouch suspended below the perineum and anterior to the anus. raphe scrotum prostate gland rete testis bulbourethral gland

dartos muscle

The ________ is a layer of smooth muscle in the skin of the scrotal sac. dartos muscle rete testis tunica albuginea cremaster muscle raphe

renal pelvis

The expanded beginning of the ureter connects to the renal hilum. renal calyx. renal corpuscle. renal pelvis. renal sinus.

raphe

The external marking of the boundary between the two testes is the spermatic cord. acrosome. dartos muscle. raphe. tunica albuginea.

proximal convoluted tubule

The filtrate first passes from the glomerular capsule to the collecting duct. minor calyx. proximal convoluted tubule. distal convoluted tubule. nephron loop.

4, 3, 2, 6, 1, 5, 7, 8

The following is a list of the blood vessels that carry blood to the kidney. 1. afferent arteriole 2. arcuate artery 3. interlobar artery 4. renal artery 5. glomerulus 6. cortical radiate artery 7. efferent arteriole 8. peritubular capillary What is the proper order in which blood passes through these vessels? 4, 3, 2, 6, 1, 5, 7, 8 4, 6, 2, 3, 7, 5, 1, 8 4, 3, 2, 6, 7, 5, 1, 8 4, 6, 2, 3, 1, 5, 7, 8 4, 3, 6, 2, 1, 5, 7, 8

nephron

The functional unit of the kidney is the collecting duct. kidney lobe. nephron. renal sinus. calyx.

infundibulum.

The funnel-like opening at the distal end of the uterine tube is called the external os. ampulla. infundibulum. ovary. isthmus.

lobules

The glandular tissue of the breast consists of separate lobes, each containing several secretory lobules. alveoli. areolae. sinuses. papillae.

renal corpuscle

The glomerular capsule and the glomerulus make up the nephron loop. renal corpuscle. renal pyramid. renal papilla. collecting tubule system.

cervix.

The inferior portion of the uterus that projects into the vagina is the fundus. fornix. cervix. isthmus. body.

cervical canal

The internal os connects the uterine cavity to the ovary. urethra. cervical canal. vagina. uterine tube.

ovarian

The ligament that attaches the ovary to the uterus is the ________ ligament. suspensory tunica albuginea inguinal ovarian broad

urinary bladder

The main organs of the female reproductive tract include all of the following except the vagina. mammary glands. uterus. ovaries. urinary bladder.

body

The main portion of the uterus is called the fundus. body. internal os. cervix. cervical canal.

testis

The male gonad is called a(n) ductus. epididymis. spermatid. scrotum. testis.

urinary

The male reproductive system is most closely associated with which of the following systems? digestive integumentary urinary endocrine muscular

urea

The most abundant waste solute in urine is The most abundant waste solute in urine is protein. uric acid. potassium. urea. creatine.

secrete testosterone

The nurse cells of the seminiferous tubules do all of the following except maintain the blood-testis barrier. secrete androgen-binding protein. support spermiogenesis. secrete testosterone. secrete inhibin.

internal os

The opening connecting the uterus to the cervical canal is the external os. uterine lumen. internal os. isthmus. ampulla.

ductus deferens.

The organ that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra is the epididymis. corpus cavernosum. ejaculatory duct. ductus deferens. seminal gland.

uterus

The organ that provides mechanical protection and nutritional support for the developing embryo is the uterus. ovary. cervix. uterine tube. vagina.

prostate gland

The organ that surrounds the urethra and secretes an antibiotic protein is the prostate gland. seminal gland (seminal vesicle). bulbourethral gland. Bartholin's gland. vestibular gland.

fibrous capsule

The outermost layer of the kidney is the renal cortex. renal pelvis. renal medulla. major calyx. fibrous capsule.

corpora cavernosa.

The paired erectile bodies in the penis are the corpora cavernosa. penile urethra. prepuce. membranous urethra. corpus spongiosum.

areola

The pigmented skin that surrounds the nipple is the fornix. zona reticularis. areola. zona pellucida. peripapilla.

LH

The pituitary hormone that stimulates the interstitial cells to secrete testosterone is FSH. ADH. ACTH. GH. LH.

distal convoluted tubule

The portion of the nephron that empties into the collecting duct is the nephron loop. proximal convoluted tubule. calyx. papillary tubule. distal convoluted tubule.

infundibulum.

The portion of the uterine tube that ends in fingerlike fimbriae is the distal segment. proximal segment. ampulla. infundibulum. isthmus.

primordial follicle.

The primary follicle develops from the ovarian stroma. ovarian hilum. ovarian follicles. primordial follicle. granulosa cells.

reabsorbing nutrients

The primary function of the proximal convoluted tubule is adjusting the urine volume. filtration. reabsorbing nutrients. secretion of drugs. secretion of acids and ammonia.

initiate sperm production in the testes.

The primary role of FSH in males is to initiate sperm production in the testes. develop and maintain secondary sex characteristics. stimulate the interstitial cells to produce testosterone. influence sexual behaviors and sex drive. stimulate the nurse cells to produce inhibin.

progesterone

The principal hormone secreted by the corpus luteum is FSH. luteosterone. progesterone. estrogen. LH.

glomerulus

The process of filtration occurs at the glomerulus. nephron loop. distal convoluted tubule. collecting duct. proximal convoluted tubule.

spermatozoa.

The process of spermiogenesis produces primary spermatocytes. spermatozoa. secondary spermatocytes. spermatids. spermatogonia.

lactation

The production of milk is called The production of milk is called lactation. menstruation. letdown. colostrum. secretion.

an internal cavity lined by the fibrous capsule

The renal sinus is an internal cavity lined by the fibrous capsule. a renal corpuscle. a large branch of the renal pelvis. the innermost layer of kidney tissue. part of a renal pyramid.

fornix.

The shallow recess that surrounds the cervical protrusion into the vagina is called the fornix. hymen. vestibule. prepuce. pudendum.

bulbourethral glands.

The small paired structures at the base of the penis that secrete a thick, alkaline mucus are the Bartholin's glands. seminal vesicles. prostate glands. vestibular glands. bulbourethral glands.

vestibule.

The space bounded by the labia minora is the hymen. clitoris. vestibule. isthmus. fornix.

meiosis

The special type of cell division required to produce gametes is called meiosis. capacitation. fertilization. maturation. mitosis.

ovulation

The surge in luteinizing hormone that occurs during the middle of the ovarian cycle triggers ovulation. follicle maturation. menopause. menstruation. atresia.

menopause

The termination of the uterine cycle at age 45-55 is called menses. menarche. menopause. basilar phase. menstruation.

myometrium.

The thick muscular layer of the uterus is the myometrium. perimetrium. uterometrium. endometrium. None of the answers is correct.

tunica albuginea.

The tough fibrous capsule that surrounds the testis is called the epididymis. median raphe. tunica albuginea. spermatic cord. dartos.

transitional

The ureters and urinary bladder are lined by ________ epithelium. pseudostratified columnar stratified squamous simple cuboidal transitional simple columnar

menses

The uterine phase that develops because of a fall in progesterone levels is the follicular phase. secretory phase. proliferative phase. luteal phase. menses.

a muscular tube extending between the uterus and the external genitalia.

The vagina is lined by simple columnar epithelium rich in goblet cells. a muscular tube extending between the uterus and the anus. similar to the inner lining of the uterus. another term for the cervix. a muscular tube extending between the uterus and the external genitalia

vagina

The vulva includes all of the following except the vagina. clitoris. labia minora. mons pubis. labia majora.

renal pyramids

Triangular or conical structures located in the renal medulla are called renal pyramids. calyces. renal columns. renal pelvises. nephrons.

phagocytosis

Tubular reabsorption involves all of the following except secondary active transport. facilitated diffusion. osmosis. phagocytosis. active transport.

ureters

Urine is carried to the urinary bladder by the urethra. the calyces. lymphatics. blood vessels. the ureters.

urethra

Urine is eliminated from the body through the urinary bladder. kidney. ureter. urethra. liver.

urinary bladder

Urine is temporarily stored in the prostate gland. urinary bladder. gallbladder. kidneys. renal pelvis.

collecting duct, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra

Urine passes, in the order given, through which of the following structures? collecting duct, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra renal pelvis, urethra, bladder, ureter, collecting duct collecting duct, renal pelvis, urethra, bladder, ureter renal pelvis, collecting duct, bladder, ureter, urethra collecting duct, ureter, renal pelvis, urethra, bladder

1

Where does most nutrient reabsorption occur? 2 1 5 4 6

a thickened fold of mesentery that supports and stabilizes the ovary

Which of the following best describes the mesovarium? a layer of squamous or cuboidal cells that covers the ovary an extensive mesentery that encloses the ovaries, uterine tubes, and uterus an expanded funnels that opens into the pelvic cavity the inner lining of the uterus a thickened fold of mesentery that supports and stabilizes the ovary

tip urine enters here

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term "renal papilla"? initial filtrate enters here final urine enters here tip of the medullary pyramid granular tissue separating renal pyramids releases renin

final urine enters here

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term calyx? superficial portion of the kidney releases renin final urine enters here initial filtrate enters here tip of the medullary pyramid

the concentration of solute in the filtrate at the bottom of the nephron loop

Which of the following is greater? the concentration of solute in the filtrate at the bottom of the nephron loop the concentration of solute in the filtrate at the beginning of the nephron loop The concentrations at the top and bottom are identical.

excretes excess albumin molecules

Which of the following is not a function of the urinary system? regulates plasma concentrations of electrolytes regulates blood volume excretes excess albumin molecules eliminates organic waste products contributes to stabilizing blood pH

The daughter cell is directed toward the lumen of the seminiferous tubule.

Which of the following occurs after a spermatogonium completes cell division? Mature spermatozoa enter the lumen. Fusion of diploid nuclei occurs. Gamete production accelerates. Spermiogenesis begins. The daughter cell is directed toward the lumen of the seminiferous tubule.

About half the oogonia complete mitosis between birth and puberty.

Which of the following statements concerning oogenesis is false? Ova develop from stem cells called oogonia. Oogenesis begins before birth. About half the oogonia complete mitosis between birth and puberty. By the time of their birth, girls have already lost about 80 percent of their oocytes. An ovum completes its last meiosis after it is fertilized.

infundibulum

Which region of the uterine tube captures the ovum? infundibulum isthmus posterior segment anterior segment ampulla

6

Which structure is the collecting duct? 4 5 6 1 3

labia

Which structure(s) of the female reproductive system contain(s) glands that lubricate the vaginal entrance? mammaries labia uterine tube gonads uterus

mammary glands

________ are the organs of milk production. The pudenda Bartholin's glands Cowper's gland Lactiferous ducts Mammary glands

juxtamedullary

________ nephrons are essential to water conservation and the production of concentrated urine. Juxtamedullary Cortical