Chapter 24 Trauma Overview

The index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as: Select one: A. the detection of less obvious life-threatening injuries. B. a predictable pattern that leads to serious injuries. C. the way in which traumatic injuries occur. D. your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries.

Chapter 24, page 847, Introduction The correct answer is: your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries.

Force acting over a distance is the definition of: Select one: A. work. B. potential energy. C. kinetic energy. D. latent energy.

Chapter 24, page 848, Energy and Trauma The correct answer is: work.

Which of the following statements regarding gunshot wounds is correct? Select one: A. The speed of a bullet has the greatest impact on the injury produced. B. The size of a bullet has the greatest impact on the injury produced. C. High-velocity bullets will cause less severe internal injuries. D. Low-velocity bullets will cause the greatest amount of trauma.

Chapter 24, page 849, Energy and Trauma The correct answer is: The speed of a bullet has the greatest impact on the injury produced.

Which types of motor vehicle collisions present the greatest potential for multiple impacts? Select one: A. Lateral and rollover B. Rear-end and rotational C. Rotational and rollover D. Frontal and rotational

Chapter 24, page 850, Blunt Trauma The correct answer is: Rotational and rollover

Which of the following injuries would MOST likely occur as a direct result of the third collision in a motor vehicle crash? Select one: A. Extremity fractures B. Forehead lacerations C. Flail chest D. Aortic rupture

Chapter 24, page 851, Blunt Trauma The correct answer is: Aortic rupture

While en route to a major motor vehicle crash, an on-scene police officer advises you that a 6-year-old male who was riding in the front seat is involved. He further states that the child was only wearing a lap belt and that the air bag deployed. On the basis of this information, you should be MOST suspicious that the child has experienced: Select one: A. blunt trauma to the head. B. neck and facial injuries. C. open abdominal trauma. D. lower extremity fractures.

Chapter 24, page 854, Blunt Trauma The correct answer is: neck and facial injuries.

Approximately 25% of severe injuries to the aorta occur during: Select one: A. rear-end collisions. B. frontal collisions. C. lateral collisions. D. rollover collisions.

Chapter 24, page 856, Blunt Trauma The correct answer is: lateral collisions.

A 15-year-old female was struck by a small car while riding her bicycle. She was wearing a helmet and was thrown to the ground, striking her head. In addition to managing problems associated with airway, breathing, and circulation, it is MOST important for you to: Select one: A. stabilize her entire spine. B. obtain baseline vital signs. C. leave her bicycle helmet on. D. inspect the helmet for cracks.

Chapter 24, page 857, Blunt Trauma The correct answer is: stabilize her entire spine.

When assessing an elderly patient who fell, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. elderly patients who fall usually have a secondary head injury. B. bilateral hip fractures usually occur when an elderly person falls. C. osteoporosis can cause a fracture as a result of a fall from a standing position. D. any fall in the elderly is considered to be high-energy trauma.

Chapter 24, page 859, Blunt Trauma The correct answer is: osteoporosis can cause a fracture as a result of a fall from a standing position.

When assessing a patient who experienced a blast injury, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. primary blast injuries are typically the most obvious. B. primary blast injuries are the most easily overlooked. C. solid organs usually rupture from the pressure wave. D. secondary blast injuries are usually the least obvious.

Chapter 24, page 862, Blast Injuries The correct answer is: primary blast injuries are the most easily overlooked.

Which of the following interventions is the MOST critical to the outcome of a patient with multisystem trauma? Select one: A. Early administration of oxygen B. Intravenous fluid administration C. Rapid transport to a trauma center D. Elevation of the lower extremities

Chapter 24, page 864, Multisystem Trauma The correct answer is: Rapid transport to a trauma center

Following a blunt injury to the head, a 22-year-old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea. On the basis of these signs and symptoms, you should be MOST concerned with the possibility of: Select one: A. spinal cord injury. B. a fracture of the skull. C. intracranial bleeding. D. airway compromise.

Chapter 24, page 865, Patient Assessment The correct answer is: intracranial bleeding.

According to the Association of Air Medical Services, you should consider air medical transport of a trauma patient if: Select one: A. he or she was involved in a motor vehicle crash in which another occupant in the same vehicle was killed, even if your patient's injuries are minor. B. traffic conditions hamper the ability to get the patient to a trauma center by ground within the ideal time frame for the best clinical outcome. C. the patient requires advanced life support care and stabilization, and the nearest ALS-ground ambulance is more than 5 to 10 minutes away. D. ground transport will take your ambulance out of service for an extended period of time, regardless of the severity of the patient's injuries.

Chapter 24, page 867, Management: Transport and Destination The correct answer is: traffic conditions hamper the ability to get the patient to a trauma center by ground within the ideal time frame for the best clinical outcome.

Which of the following destinations is most appropriate for a 41-year-old male patient who was involved in a rollover motor vehicle collision and is unconscious and unresponsive, assuming that travel times to each is equal? Select one: A. Any designated trauma center is acceptable. B. A Level IV or Level III trauma center C. Only a Level I trauma center D. A Level I or Level II trauma center

Chapter 24, page 868, Management: Transport and Destination The correct answer is: A Level I or Level II trauma center

Your patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13, a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min. His Revised Trauma Score (RTS) is: Select one: A. 8. B. 11. C. 9. D. 10.

Chapter 24, page 869, Management: Transport and Destination The correct answer is: 9.

According to the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), an adult trauma patient should be transported to the highest level of trauma center if he or she: Select one: A. was involved in a motor vehicle crash in which another patient in the same vehicle was killed. B. has a GCS score of less than or equal to 13 with a mechanism attributed to trauma. C. has a systolic blood pressure of less than 110 mm Hg or a heart rate greater than 110 beats/min. D. has a bleeding disorder or takes anticoagulant medications and has any blunt or penetrating injury.

Chapter 24, page 870, Management: Transport and Destination The correct answer is: has a GCS score of less than or equal to 13 with a mechanism attributed to trauma.

When the speed of a motor vehicle doubles, the amount of kinetic energy: Select one: A. doubles. B. triples. C. is not affected. D. quadruples.

Chapter 24, pages 848-849, Energy and Trauma The correct answer is: quadruples.

Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of the presence of high-energy trauma? Select one: A. Dismounted seats B. Steering wheel deformity C. Intrusion into the vehicle D. Deployment of the air bag

Chapter 24, pages 850-851, Blunt Trauma The correct answer is: Deployment of the air bag

A 12-year-old male jumped approximately 12 feet from a tree and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his lower back. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for his back pain? Select one: A. Direct trauma to the spinal column B. Secondary fall after the initial impact C. Energy transmission to the spine D. Lateral impact to the spine

Chapter 24, pages 858-859, Blunt Trauma The correct answer is: Energy transmission to the spine

A young male sustained a gunshot wound to the abdomen during an altercation. As your partner is assessing and managing his airway, you should control the obvious bleeding and then: Select one: A. auscultate bowel sounds. B. apply a cervical collar. C. assess for an exit wound. D. obtain baseline vital signs.

Chapter 24, pages 859-860, Penetrating Trauma The correct answer is: assess for an exit wound.