Chapter 26 History

Joseph McCarthy was

a Republican senator.

MacArthur's invasion of North Korea

collapsed after reaching the capital.

Containment was criticized by conservatives for being

too weak a response.

The McCarran Internal Security Act

was opposed by Truman.

The Marshall Plan was motivated, in part, by which of the following?

-A desire to ensure that Europe would not be an economic drain on the United States -Humanitarian concern -A desire to improve the market for U.S. exports

Which of the following occurred in the election of 1952?

-A long period of Democratic dominance ended. -Nixon exploited the issue of domestic anticommunism. -Eisenhower pledged to settle the Korean conflict.

Which of the following describe the vision of the postwar world that appealed to Roosevelt and many other Americans?

-An international organization serving as arbiter of disputes and protector of every nation's right of self-determination -Nations governing their relations with one another through democratic processes

In the United States, the Korean War resulted in which of the following?

-Anxiety over communism -Rising insecurity about America's position in the world -Economic growth

The National Security Act of 1947 reshaped the nation's military and diplomatic institutions, leading to the establishment of which of the following?

-National Security Council -Department of Defense -Central Intelligence Agency

What became known as the "China Lobby" formed around which ideas?

-The U.S. could have done more to prevent China from going to the communists. -The State Department was primarily responsible for the defeat in China.

The agreement that formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

-declared that an attack on one member nation was an attack on all. -called for the maintenance of a standing military force in Europe.

The administration of Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek was known for its

-lack of popular support. -corruption. -hostility toward Mao Zedong.

Who was the Democratic candidate in the presidential election of 1952?

Adlai E. Stevenson

MacArthur's invasion of North Korea appeared to be on its way to victory until

China intervened.

After his election in 1948, Truman was able to pass some Fair Deal reforms because

Democrats controlled both houses of Congress.

Who was the Republican candidate in the presidential election of 1952?

Dwight D. Eisenhower

True or false: In 1949, Truman was able to get Congress to pass a national health insurance program.

False

Which of the Allies were most concerned with preserving their spheres of influence in the postwar world?

Great Britain and the Soviet Union

Which of the following hampered Truman's ability to "get tough" with the Soviets after assuming office?

He had little leverage over Russia and was unable to enter into a renewed conflict in Europe.

The leader of the communist armies in China in their ongoing conflict with the nationalist government was

Mao Zedong.

Which of the following best describes the results of the 1952 elections?

The Republicans took control of the White House and both houses of Congress.

In the immediate postwar period, how was the issue of Poland resolved?

The Soviets solidified their control over the country, making only minor concessions to Truman.

The Truman administration increased its support for military atomic research in the postwar period for which of the following reasons?

The United States was unable to come to terms with the Soviet Union on an international nuclear weapons treaty.

True or false: In the postwar period, the Soviet Union wanted to control Central and Eastern Europe and use the region as a protective buffer against the West.

True

True or false: The desire to economically strengthen Western European nations was due to a fear they might fall under control of domestic communist parties.

True

True or false: When Harry S. Truman assumed the presidency, he viewed Stalin with deep suspicion and even hatred.

True

Which of the following actions at Potsdam confirmed that Germany would remain divided?

Truman refused to allow the Russians to claim reparations from the American, French, and British zones of Germany.

NATO was founded by

a coalition of twelve nations.

An integral part of the containment policy was to

aid the economic reconstruction of Europe.

The McCarran Internal Security Act of 1950 required ______ to register with the government.

all communist organizations

The fear of nuclear weapons and nuclear destruction

appeared widely in popular culture.

Many conservative Americans believed that containment was akin to

appeasement.

Containment was criticized by left-wing critics for

causing a strain in relations between the United States and the Soviet Union.

Bitter strikes in the ______ industries required Truman's intervention in 1946.

coal and railroad

Faced with the threat of further Soviet expansion, the Truman administration developed the policy known as

containment.

At their meeting in Morocco, Allied leaders agreed to

demand nothing less than unconditional surrender from the Axis.

In Korea at the end of the war, the United States and the Soviet Union

divided the nation between them along the 38th parallel.

A 1948 public opinion poll revealed that a majority of Americans believed atomic power would

do more good than harm in the long run.

In 1947, when it began a famous series of investigations, the House Un-American Activities Committee was

dominated by Republicans.

The Cold War intensified in 1949 with

e first successful test of an atomic weapon by the Soviet Union.

In 1948, during heightened tensions with the Soviets, the United States

elevated nuclear weaponry to a central place in its military arsenal.

Which countries were to be represented in the United Nations' General Assembly?

every member country

As the Korean War continued, Truman focused his economic policies on

fighting inflation.

During Joseph McCarthy's investigation into alleged subversion in government,

he never produced conclusive evidence that any federal employee was a communist.

Truman supported the corrupt and incompetent government of Chiang Kai-shek because

he was afraid of a communist takeover of China.

When Truman intervened in a steel strike in 1952,

his actions were ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.

The federal loyalty program was

initiated by Truman.

The ADA, a coalition group, was formed before the 1948 elections by

liberal Democrats.

The results of the 1946 elections

made Truman's efforts to pass the Fair Deal more difficult.

The founding charter of the United Nations established a Security Council composed of

permanent and temporary delegations.

Much of the anticommunist furor in the United States emerged from

politically motivated attacks by the Republicans on the Democrats.

The establishment of NATO

preceded the signing of the Warsaw Pact by several years.

By mid-1951, the conflict in Korea had turned into a(n)

protracted stalemate along the 38th parallel.

When the Republican Party took control of both houses in the 1946 elections, it moved to

reduce government spending and chip away at New Deal reforms.

After the war, demand among women for paid employment

remained high throughout the country.

Changes in consumer demand after the war led to a period of

severe inflation.

How did Truman regard the Soviet Union at the start of his presidency?

sharp contrast to Roosevelt, he viewed the Soviet Union with deep distrust.

Upon what faulty premise was the doctrine of containment based?

that communists sought to spread their ideology in a global revolution

Henry A. Wallace, a former vice president, was

the Progressive Party's nominee in 1948.

By the end of 1945 the Korean peninsula had been occupied by troops from

the United States and the Soviet Union.

The United Nations Security Council, which was created at the Yalta conference, was to include permanent representatives from which five nations?

the United States, Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and China

The first target of the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) was

the movie industry.

Which of the following of Stalin's demands did Roosevelt and Churchill refuse to accept at their meeting in Casablanca in January 1943?

to open up a second front in Western Europe to help the Red Army fight off a German invasion

By the late 1940s the use of nuclear power for electricity generation was

viewed positively by the public, and plants were springing up in many areas of the country.

Reconversion resulted in increased job opportunities for

war veterans.

The States' Rights Party

was formed by former Democrats.

In the months following the 1948 elections, Truman

won passage of some Fair Deal reforms.

Under the policy of containment, the U.S. and its allies would

work to prevent Soviet expansion.