Chapter 26 Prep U

The nurse is providing education for a client diagnosed with essential hypertension. The nurse will state that the cause of this disorder is:

Unknown

A client has been diagnosed with chronic obstructive arterial disease. Which client statement indicates she understands how to manage this disease?

"I should have my LDL monitored."

Which clients are at risk for venous thrombosis? Select all that apply.

A client on bed rest after an acute myocardial infarction A client taking oral contraceptives A client who has had total hip replacement surgery

A client taking an antihypertensive drug for several months comes to the physician's office with a dry, persistent cough. The nurse knows that this cough is an adverse effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs?

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a postsurgical client. A major goal is to prevent the formation of prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The most important intervention for the nurse to implement would be:

Apply sequential pneumatic compression devices to lower extremities.

Select the response that best describes the pressure-sensitive receptors that respond to changes in the stretch of the vessel wall.

Baroreceptors

A client has been prescribed a thiazide diuretic, hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), for the initial treatment of hypertension. What effect does the nurse know this drug will have on the body to consequently decrease blood pressure?

Decrease vascular volume

Hypertension in older adults is a common finding. This is because of the age-related rise in systolic blood pressure. Among the aging processes, what is a contributor to hypertension?

Decreased baroreceptor sensitivity

The nurse knows that which group of antihypertensive drugs is usually the least expensive and are well tolerated?

Diuretics

How would the nurse describe an embolus to a client with a fractured hip?

Fat that spreads to the lungs from a broken bone

The client with pancreatitis is noted to have a high triglyceride count. Which medication could the practitioner initiate to decrease triglyceride level?

Gemfibrozil

A 50-year-old man is having routine blood work done as part of his yearly physical. The doctor informs him that his good cholesterol is low. To which form of cholesterol is the doctor referring?

HDL

Which intervention by the client will decrease overall cardiovascular risk?

Higher levels of fitness and exercise

Atherosclerosis begins in an insidious manner with symptoms becoming apparent as long as 20 to 40 years after the onset of the disease. Although an exact etiology of the disease has not been identified, epidemiologic studies have shown that there are predisposing risk factors to this disease. What is the major risk factor for developing atherosclerosis?

Hypercholesterolemia

The nurse is counseling a client regarding a high cholesterol level. The nurse teaches the client that which lipoprotein is the main carrier of cholesterol?

LDL

Malignant hypertension causes injuries to the walls of the arterioles. Because hypertension is a chronic disease and is associated with autoregulatory changes in the blood flow to major organs, what would be the initial treatment goal for malignant hypertension?

Partial reduction in blood pressure to less critical values

A client presents to the emergency department with a sudden onset of acute pain in his left lower leg. The practitioner is unable to palpate pedal pulses and finds the client to be in atrial fibrillation. Which test will the practitioner order to find the source of the emboli?

echocardiogram

An older adult client is prescribed a vasodilator for hypertension. Which adverse effect is of greatest concern for an older adult taking this class of drug?

hypotension

The nurse is preparing to auscultate a client's blood pressure. Which information obtained from the client would indicate that the nurse should wait 30 minutes prior to obtaining a reading?

the client just smoked a cigarette

In which situation is blood most likely to be rapidly relocated from central circulation to the lower extremities?

A client is helped out of bed and stands up.

A nurse is participating in a health fair and is addressing many of the varied factors that can contribute to hypertension. The nurse should be cognizant of the higher incidence and prevalence of hypertension in which groups?

Black and South Asian people

A client is diagnosed with gestational hypertension. The nurse recognizes which findings are characteristics of this condition? Select all that apply.

Blood pressure greater than 140/90 Development after 20th week of pregnancy Blood pressure back to normal by 12 weeks postpartum

A nurse is planning a community education program on lifestyle modification to manage hypertension. Which topic should be included in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.

Consume a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products. Reduce dietary sodium intake. Stop smoking. Limit alcohol consumption.

A nurse is teaching a client with newly diagnosed hypertension about antihypertensive drug therapy. The nurse determines that the knowledge is understood when the client correctly describes which of the following as the mechanism of action of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor?

Inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, decreasing angiotensin II levels and reducing its effect on vasoconstriction

The nurse's brother is not convinced that he should quit smoking. He asks his sister (the nurse) to demonstrate for him the more immediate effects of smoking on his health. Which of the following could be used to help convince the brother to stop smoking?

Measure his blood pressure and show him how much higher it is when he is smoking.

Which of the following are characteristic signs of acute arterial embolism?

Pallor, pulselessness, and pain

A client has just been diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia and is asking what treatment will be needed. About which topics should the nurse educate the client? Select all that apply.

Smoking cessation Dietary measures to reduce LDL levels Weight reduction if overweight

A client has been diagnosed with a dissecting aortic aneurysm. It is most important for the nurse to assess the client for:

Tearing or ripping-type pain in the chest or back

A client presents to the emergency department reporting bilateral cyanosis and pallor of the fingers after being out in the cold weather for 5 minutes. The toes are of normal color. What is a potential diagnosis for this client?

raynaud disease

A female client tells the health care provider that she has recently been experiencing episodes of changes occuring in the color of her fingertips, especially when she experiences cold temperatures. She further states that the tips become pale, turn a bluish color, and then become reddened. The client is most likely experiencing:

raynaud phenomenon