Chapter 26 ST The Reproductive System

Which of the following is not required for arousal to occur?

Sympathetic stimulation of sacral nerves.

Which of the following statements concerning oogenesis is false?

About half the oogonia complete mitosis between birth and puberty.

What structure releases the secondary oocyte during ovulation?

Graafian follicle

Which of the following is true immediately after a spermatogonium completes cell division?

The primary spermatocyte is directed toward the lumen of the seminiferous tubule.

Which of the following is not true of interstitial cells?

They produce inhibin.

The spermatic cord is

a bundle of tissue that contains the ductus deferens, blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics that serve the testis.

Which of the following best describes the mesovarium?

a thickened fold of mesentery that supports and stabilizes the ovary

Which of the following muscles move the testes towards the body?

both the cremaster and the dartos

Which of these glands secretes a fluid that lubricates the tip of the penis?

bulbourethral gland

The small paired structures at the base of the penis that secrete a thick, alkaline mucus are the

bulbourethral glands.

The ________ is a layer of smooth muscle in the skin of the scrotal sac.

dartos muscle

Spermatozoa functionally mature within the

epididymis.

The organ that monitors and adjusts the composition of tubular fluid, recycles damaged spermatozoa, and is the site of sperm maturation is the

epididymis.

The granulosa cells of developing follicles work with thecal cells to produce

estrogens.

The special type of cell division required to produce gametes is called

meiosis.

The ________ penetrates the urogenital diaphragm.

membranous urethra

In a spermatozoan, activity in the ________ provides energy required to move the tail.

mitochondria

The region where blood vessels enter the ovary is called the

ovarian hilum.

Identify the structure labeled "3."

penile urethra

The ________ passes through the shaft of the penis to the external urethral meatus.

penile urethra

The organ that delivers semen into the female reproductive tract is the

penis.

Sperm are moved along the ductus deferens by

peristaltic contractions.

Nurse cells are not

precursors to gametes.

The fold of skin that covers the glans penis is the

prepuce.

The primary follicle develops from the

primordial follicle.

What is the function of gonads?

produce gametes and produce hormones

Functions of the accessory glands of the male reproductive system include all of the following except

producing spermatozoa.

Identify the structure labeled "11."

prostate gland

The organ that surrounds the urethra and secretes an antibiotic protein is the

prostate gland.

Contraction of the cremaster muscles

pulls the testes closer to the body cavity.

The external marking of the boundary between the two testes is the

raphe.

The ________ is a pocket formed between the posterior wall of the uterus and the anterior surface of the rectum.

recto-uterine pouch

The ________ is a fleshy pouch suspended below the perineum and anterior to the anus.

scrotum

The cells that are formed during spermatogenesis by the first meiosis are called

secondary spermatocytes.

The nurse cells of the seminiferous tubules do all of the following except

secrete testosterone.

Identify the structure labeled "10."

seminal gland

The ________ is/are in contact with the posterior side to the urinary bladder.

seminal glands

Sperm production occurs in the

seminiferous tubules.

When spermatogonia divide, the two daughter cells produced are a spermatogonium and a

spermatocyte.

Sperm develop from stem cells called

spermatogonia.

The process of spermiogenesis produces

spermatozoa.

The stage at which a spermatozoan detaches from the nurse cells and enters the seminiferous tubule is called

spermiation.

Spermatids mature into spermatozoa by the process of

spermiogenesis.

The penile urethra passes through the corpus

spongiosum.

The male gonad is called a(n)

testis.

The organ that provides mechanical protection and nutritional support for the developing embryo is the

uterus.

Identify the structure labeled "12."

vagina

The ________ is the region between the developing oocyte and the granulosa cells.

zona pellucida

In what order does sperm produced in the semiferous tubules pass through the following structures before being stored in the epididymis? 1) Efferent ductules 2) Straight ductules 3) Rete testis

2,3,1

How many tetrads form during synapsis?

23

Secondary spermatocytes each contain

23 chromosomes, each with a pair of duplicate chromatids.

What is the proper arrangement of the four structures listed below into the order in which sperm pass from the testis to the urethral meatus? 1. ductus deferens 2. urethra 3. ejaculatory duct 4. epididymis

4,1,3,2

What is not produced by the structure labeled "1"?

FSH

________ is defined as an inability to achieve or maintain an erection.

Impotence

Which of the following properly describes the cervix?

It connects to the uterine cavity by the internal os.

The pituitary hormone that stimulates the interstitial cells to secrete testosterone is

LH.

The reproductive system does not include

None of the answers is correct.

The ________ of a sperm contains the enzymes essential for fertilization.

acrosomal cap

Interstitial cells produce

androgens.

A boy has a genetic mutation such that FSH is not produced, but LH is normal. After the boy grows to maturity, it is likely he will

be sterile.

Identify the structure labeled "11."

cervix

Emission and ejaculation require all of the following except

contraction of the dartos muscles.

The ________ consists of the follicle cells that cling to the oocyte after ovulation.

corona radiata

The paired erectile bodies in the penis are the

corpora cavernosa.

The erectile tissue that surrounds the urethra is the

corpus spongiosum.

A male bodybuilder starts taking injections of testosterone (an anabolic steroid) on a daily basis. After 3 weeks, which of the following would you not expect to observe?

decreased levels of DHT

Identify the structure labeled "4."

ductus deferens

The organ that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra is the

ductus deferens.

Contractions of the bulbospongiosus muscles result in

ejaculation.

The ________ carries fluid from the seminal gland through the prostate.

ejaculatory duct

Contraction of the dartos muscle

elevates the scrotal sac.

The ________ are fingerlike projections that capture the freshly ovulated ovum.

fimbriae

Secondary spermatocytes divide to produce ________ spermatids, each having ________ chromosomes.

four; 23

The ________ is the rounded portion of the uterine body superior to the attachment of the uterine tubes.

fundus

At 8 months development in a male fetus, the testes

have been pulled through the abdominal musculature into the scrotum.

The ________ is the part of the sperm that contains the DNA.

head

Where in the male reproductive system would you expect to find the most mature spermatozoa?

in the ductus deferens and ejaculatory duct

Which region of the uterine tube captures the ovum?

infundibulum

The funnel- like opening at the distal end of the uterine tube is called the

infundibulum.

The portion of the uterine tube that ends in fingerlike fimbriae is the

infundibulum.

The ________ is an opening through which the spermatic cord passes.

inguinal canal

The primary role of FSH in males is to

initiate sperm production in the testes.

The opening connecting the uterus to the cervical canal is the

internal os.

Testosterone is secreted by the

interstitial cells.

Which structure(s) of the female reproductive system contain(s) glands that lubricate the vaginal entrance?

labia

Inward projections of the tunica albuginea, known as septa, divide the testis into

lobules.

The thick muscular layer of the uterus is the

myometrium.

The broad ligament does all of the following except

support and stabilizes the position of the ovary.

The ________ ligament extends from the lateral surface of the ovary to the pelvic wall.

suspensory

The ligament that attaches the ovary to the uterus is the ________ ligament.

suspensory.

During meiosis I, in maternal and paternal systems, chromosomes fuse together during the process called ________ to form a ________.

synapsis; tetrad

In a mature human spermatozoan,

the acrosome is next to the nucleus, and the head contains 23 chromosomes.

Which of the following is greater?

the number of primordial follicles in the ovaries at birth

The tough fibrous capsule that surrounds the testis is called the

tunica albuginea.

The male reproductive system is most closely associated with which of the following systems?

urinary

The main organs of the female reproductive tract include all of the following except the

urinary bladder.

Identify the structure labeled "2."

uterine tube

Fertilization of an ovum usually takes place in the

uterine tube.

The structure that transports the ovum to the uterus is the

uterine tube.

Identify the structure labeled "9."

uterus