Chapter 27-1

What was the encomienda system in the spanish colonies?

In the encomienda system, Colonists had the right granted by the Spanish government to its American colonists to demand labor or tribute from Native Americans.

What was a mission?

Missions are communities dedicated to spreading the faith or to educating and protecting people

How did the spanish monarch control the governors of Spain's colonies?

Spain appointed local governors, but they frequently clashed with the conquistadors as well as with the Catholic missionaries. To govern more efficiently Spain's king Charles V appointed viceroys.

How was land ownership related to social class in the Spanish Colonies?

The more land you owned- the higher you were ranked in social class.

Why did the Europeans import enslaved africans to the Americas?

There was a labor shortage. By the early 1500s,plantation owners were bringing in African slave labor. The majority of enslaved Africans labored on large sugar cane plantations.

Why did members of the Jesuit and Franciscan religious orders move to the Americas?

They moved because the people of the Americas didn't have a distinct religion. We know that they were polytheistic, but that could easily be changes. Jesuit and Franciscan religious orders most likely moved there to convert them to their religions.

How was life on plantations similar and different then life on missions

They were similar because in both places they both grew food. They were mainly different. Plantation work was generally much more difficult that mission life. Unlike Missions, plantations were run by colonists primarily to make a profit for the owners and investors back home. The plantations were using Native Americans as laborers while missions learned new skills.

Why did the Spanish start Universities in their colonies?

To educate priests, the Church established colonial Universities. By 1551, there were universities in the Dominican Republic, Mexico, and Peru.

Use the terms Viceroy, creole, peninsulare, mestizo, and mulatto to describe colonial society.

Viceroys and Peninsulares where at the top of the social class. Viceroys where officers who ruled in the name of the king in the Spanish Americans. Peninsulares were members of the highest class in Spain's colonies in the Americas. Next came creoles who were people in Spain's colonies in the Americas who was an American- born descendant of Spanish settlers. Lower groups included the Mestizo who was a Native American and was of European descent and the Mulatto who was a person who was of African and European descent .

missions

communities dedicated to spreading the faith or to educating and protecting people

peninsulare

member of the highest class in Spain's colonies in the Americas.

Viceroy

officers who ruled in the name of the king in the Spanish Americans

metstizo

person in Spain's colonies in the Americas who was a Native American and was of European descent.

creole

person in Spain's colonies in the Americas who was an American- born descendant of Spanish settlers.

mulatto

person in Spain's colonies in the Americas, person who was of African and European descent

encomienda

right granted by the Spanish government to its American colonists to demand labor or tribute from Native Americans.