Chapter 29 - Burns QUIZ

Pour cool saline water on the hand.

An industrial worker has sustained a partial and full thickness burn to his right hand after accidentally touching an electric furnace used to incinerate medical waste. Assessment reveals no threats the airway, breathing, or circulation. Which one of the following is the EMT's next most appropriate action?

Carefully removal rings prior to applying a dry sterile dressing.

Of the actions that follow, which one is proper care for a patient who has suffered a partial thickness burn to the hand?

Cool the burns with water for 90 seconds and cover the burns with a sterile, dry burn sheet.

A patient has suffered partial and full thickness thermal burns to the anterior chest, abdomen, and arms in an industrial accident. Which one of the following would be appropriate in the care of this patient?

hypothermia.

A patient rescued from an apartment fire has sustained partial- and full-thickness burns from his chest down to his feet. The EMT should recognize that this patient is prone to develop:

"I have been a diabetic for several years."

A 51-year-old female patient tripped in the kitchen and fell against a deep fryer, splashing hot oil onto her right arm. Assessment reveals partial and deep thickness burns to her arm. It is estimated that the burn covers two percent of her body. Which one of the following statements, made by the patient, reveals the most important information in determining the overall severity of the burn?

Airway compromise

A 51-year-old male was burned in the face after a steam valve was accidentally opened. His face is red and swollen, and he is screaming in pain. He also states that he is having a hard time seeing. Which one of the following is the EMT's priority concern in caring for this patient?

"Throughout transport, I am going to listen to your lungs quite frequently."

A patient, who is coughing, has sustained a superficial burn to the chest, arms, and face after pouring gasoline on a smoldering campfire. Which one of the following statements indicates that the EMT is properly caring for him?

flush the eye with copious amounts of tap water

A student in a science lab has had an unknown chemical splashed into her eye. After assessing the airway, breathing, and circulation, the EMT should immediately:

damage to pain receptors in the dermis.

A 20-year-old waitress spilled hot coffee and burned her right forearm. When assessing the burn, you note a full-thickness burn surrounded by partial-thickness burns. In addition, she complains of pain in the surrounding partial-thickness burn, but not in the center where the full-thickness burn is located. As an EMT, you recognize that the patient is not localizing pain to the center of the burn because of:

Partial thickness burn completely encircles the knee.

A 21-year-old male has experienced a severe burn to the left leg while working on an industrial furnace. His coworkers immediately douse his flaming pants and remove them. Your primary assessment reveals no threats to the airway, breathing, or circulation. When conducting the secondary assessment of the leg, which finding would be the most critical?

"It would be best to let the emergency physician check you out. Electrical shocks can damage the heart."

A 24-year-old man was shocked while working on his house's electrical system. Assessment reveals him to have a minor burn to the fingers on his left hand. Aside from being slightly shaky, he states he feels fine and does not see the need to be treated further or transported to the hospital. Which one of the following statements should you make to him before allowing him to refuse additional care and transport?

Ventilate with a bag-valve mask at 12 breaths per minute.

A 44-year-old electrician has been shocked. He is responsive to verbal stimuli and has garbled speech. His airway is open and he is breathing shallowly at a rate of 8 times per minute. His pulse is slow and irregular. Which one of the following actions should the EMT perform next?

fluid has collected between the layers of skin.

A burn patient has blisters to his left arm. The EMT should recognize that:

27%

A burn patient has full thickness burns to the fronts of both legs and the entire left arm. The front of the patient's right arm has superficial thickness burns. Using the rule of nines, the EMT should estimate what percentage of the patient's body has been burned?

epidermal

A fair-skinned patient was exposed to the sun and has a painful superficial thickness burn to her upper back. As a knowledgeable EMT, you would recognize that the ________ layer(s) of the skin has been affected.

"Since only the outer layer of skin was burned, there is little chance of scarring."

A female who had hot coffee thrown at her has a superficial burn to the right side of her face. After transferring the patient to the hospital emergency department for continued care, a new EMT asks you if the patient will have a permanent scar on her face. Which one of the following is your best reply?

"It is sort of hard to breathe."

A male patient was injured when a steam valve opened, causing hot steam to contact his face. Which one of the following statements made by the patient would be of most concern to the EMT and require immediate assessment or treatment?

Absence of blisters

A male patient who works in a steel fabricating plant has suffered a flash burn to his right arm and hand. Which one of the following assessment findings would assist the EMT in deciding the burn is superficial and not partial thickness?

check for motor, sensory, and pulse in the right upper extremity.

A patient has a burn that completely encircles his right forearm and upper arm. After performing the primary assessment, the EMT's next action should be to:

Provide positive pressure ventilation with a bag-valve mask.

A patient has been pulled from a house fire. Assessment reveals him to be lethargic with stridorous respirations and a rapid but strong radial pulse. Firefighters are dousing his body with water to cool him. Which one of the following actions should the EMT perform immediately?

Painful skin that is moist and contains blisters to the abdomen

A patient was burned when he accidentally ignited gasoline while working on his car. When performing the secondary assessment, which one of the following findings would indicate that the patient has suffered a partial thickness burn?

Decide whether to administer oxygen with a nonrebreather face mask or with bag-valve mask.

A patient was entrapped in a burning apartment before being rescued by firefighters. As you approach him, you note that his legs and arms appear to be burned. He is screaming in pain, but is not actively burning. Given this information, which one of the following interventions would you perform first?

Irregular heartbeat

You are transporting a patient who was shocked by an electrical current while installing a residential electrical service panel. He has partial thickness burns to the hand and foot where the electricity entered and exited his body respectively. During the reassessment, which one of the following signs or symptoms would be of most concern to the EMT?

Cover the burns with a clean, white, dry sheet.

An intoxicated 28-year-old female has suffered burns to both legs after passing out next to a space heater and having her pants ignite. Emergency Medical Responders have removed her clothing and cooled the burns. Which one of the following actions is most appropriate in the continued care of this patient?

The inner portion of the burn is full thickness and the outer portion partial thickness.

An intoxicated patient has suffered a burn to his left lateral thigh after passing out with his leg touching the side of a kerosene heater. Close examination of the burn reveals tough leathery tissue in the center of the burn and surrounding it, red skin with blisters. Regarding the burn, which one of the following is true?

"After reassessing the ABCs, let's do a secondary assessment and look for signs of injuries that are causing shock."

You have arrived on the scene of a large structure fire. Emergency Medical Responders (EMRs) are by the side of a patient who is responsive to verbal stimuli and has suffered significant burns to his body. They report that the patient fell down a flight of stairs while trying to escape and was entrapped for several minutes. Their assessment findings include partial and full thickness burns to his right arm, right leg, and right side of the face. The EMRs also report that the patient's unburned skin is cool, clammy, and pale, with a delayed capillary refill. His pulse is 144, respirations are 22, and blood pressure is 88/50 mmHg. Which one of the following instructions would be most appropriate?

Intense pain and blister formation

You have been called for a 44-year-old male who was burned on the right hand and arm after falling against the hot door of an industrial incinerator. As you arrive on the scene, a nurse employed by the company informs you that he sustained a partial thickness burn. Based on this information, the EMT should expect what characteristics at the burn site?

Brush as much of the lime off his legs as possible.

You have been called for a patient who had a large bag of lime powder tear as he was unloading it from a truck. On arrival you notice that the patient is wearing shorts and has lime dust covering both lower legs. He is complaining of leg pain from the chemical powder. Which one of the following should be the EMT's next immediate action?

wrap the burn with a dry sterile dressing.

You have been called for an intoxicated patient who sustained a full thickness burn to his leg when he passed out against a kerosene heater. After ensuring that the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation are intact, you should cool the burn with water and then:

Burns on the face

Your patient is a 27-year-old male who fell down a full flight of stairs while escaping his burning apartment. Which one of the following findings should be your most immediate concern?

Cool the burn with water.

Firefighters have just pulled a young woman from a house fire and have laid her on the lawn. She is conscious and badly burned to the chest, abdomen, and legs. Her clothes are smoldering. Which one of the following actions should the EMT take immediately?

Assess the patient's carotid pulse

Firefighters have pulled a middle-age male from a burning bedroom. The patient is unresponsive and has obvious deformity to his left ankle. His respirations are rapid, stridorous and shallow. Your partner inserts an oropharyngeal airway and begins ventilating the patient with a bag-valve-mask. Which one of the following actions would you perform next?

49-year-old with a partial thickness burn to the inner thigh

For which patient would the palm method be best to estimate the body surface area affected by a burn?

Check the patient's blood glucose level.

Your patient is a diabetic male who spilled a pot of hot water on himself while he was cooking. He has a partial thickness burn of the right anterior leg. He is awake but confused. Following the primary survey, which one of the following actions is the highest priority?

Coughing of black sputum

You are assessing an elderly patient who was entrapped in a burning trailer. Which one of the following findings would be most indicative of a patient suffering an inhalation injury?

Superficial

You are called by the owner of a restaurant for a female patron who spilled hot tea onto her right thigh. The secondary assessment reveals the burn area to be soft, but red and painful. The skin is intact with no blister formation noted, although slight edema is present. Based on these assessment findings, the EMT should recognize what category of burn?

The head of a child is considered to be 18% of the total body.

When applying the rule of nines to a 10-month-old child, the EMT should recognize which one of the following?

depth of the burn.

When classifying a burn as superficial, partial, or full thickness, the EMT should determine the:

Dry skin with little pain

Which one of the following assessment findings would best indicate that a patient has suffered a full thickness burn to his leg?

22-year-old with a partial-thickness burn to the right hand

Which one of the following patients should the EMT recognize as suffering the most critical burn?

"I use the patient's palm to estimate the size of the burn area."

Which one of the following statements shows that the EMT understands the palm method of estimating the BSA burned?

"Most burn patients who die before getting to the hospital die of airway or bleeding problems, not the burn itself."

Which statement made by an EMT shows that he understands the major cause of death in the prehospital setting for a burn patient?

"Determining the BSA is an estimation and should never delay transport of the burn patient to the hospital."

Which statement made by the EMT indicates an understanding of calculating the body surface area (BSA) burned?

Contact burn

You are assessing a patient who was burned when she dropped a hot iron on her bare foot. Her foot is red and has a small partial thickness burn near the ankle. When completing the prehospital care report, what cause should you document?