Chapter 29 Over-the-Counter Medications

Oxytrol

What OTC product is available to women for overactive bladder?

budesonide

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Rhinocort Allergy Spray Drug Class: Allergic rhinitis medication; nasal steroid Note: Rx to OTC

Circadian rhythms

24-hour cycles of regular biological changes. In pharmacology, this often involves medications affecting sleep/wake cyles

A. Drowsiness

A common side effect of first-generation antihistamines is: A. Drowsiness B. Diarrhea C. Agitation D. Constipation

True

True or False: Diphenhydramine regularly causes next day drowsiness in older adults.

A. Ibuprofen

Advil and Motrin carry the generic name: A. Ibuprofen B. Doxylamine C. Acetaminophen D. Diphenhydramine

A. Guaifenesin

An expectorant like _______________ thins mucous. A. Guaifenesin B. Diphenhydramine C. Naphazoline D. Cetirizine

B. Reye's syndrome

Children and teenagers should not take aspirin for chickenpox or flu because it has been associated with: A. Toxic shock syndrome B. Reye's syndrome C. Sudden infant death syndrome D. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

phenylephrine

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Neo-Synephrine Drug Class: Nasal decongestant Note: Can cause rebound nasal congestion if used for longer than 3 consecutive days

esomeprazole

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Nexium 24HR Drug Class: Proton pump inhibitor Note: Rx to OTC

ibuprofen

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Advil, Motrin Drug Class: NSAID

oxymetazoline

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Afrin Drug Class: Nasal decongestant Note: Can cause rebound nasal congestion if used for longer than 3 consecutive days

naproxen

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Aleve Drug Class: NSAID

fexofenadine

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Allegra Drug Class: Nonsedating antihistamine Note: Rx to OTC

diphenhydramine

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Benadryl Drug Class: Antihistamine, sedating

loratadine

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Claritin Drug Class: Nonsedating antihistamines Note: Rx to OTC

benzoyl peroxide

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Clearskin, Clearplex, Acne medication, Zaclir Cleansing Drug Class: Topical agents used to treat acne Note: Is the most common among teenagers

dextromethorphan

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Delsym Drug Class: Cough suppressant (antitussive) Note: Products containing this may feature a "DM"

aspirin

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Ecotrin, Bayer Drug Class: NSAID

fluticasone

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Flonase Allergy Relief Drug Class: Allergic rhinitis medication; nasal steroid Note: Rx to OTC

psyllium

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Metamucil Drug Class: Fiber/Bulk laxative Note: Can be called a "bowel stabilizer" because it can be used to treat diarrhea and constipation

polyethylene glycol

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: MiraLax Drug Class: Laxative Note: Rx to OTC

guaifenesin

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Mucinex Drug Class: Expectorant

triamcinolone

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Nasacort Allergy 24HR Drug Class: Allergic rhinitis medication; nasal steroid Note: Rx to OTC

pseudoephedrine

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Sudafed Drug Class: Oral/Systemic decongestant Note: -Products containing this may feature a "D" -Log book or electronic record containing customer's name, address, identification, and signature; date and time of sale; and name and quantity of product sold. Keep records for at least 2 yr. Limited purchase amounts for 1-day and 1-mo intervals

acetaminophen

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Tylenol Drug Class: NSAID

cetirizine

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Zyrtec Drug Class: Nonsedating antihistamine Note: Rx to OTC

pseudophedrine (Sudafed) and Plan B

Give 2 examples of an OTC product that is kept behind the pharmacy counter

D. All of the above

Ibuprofen can reduce: A. Fever B. Inflammation C. Pain D. All of the above

diphenhydramine and doxylamine

List 2 examples of sleep aid products

elderly and infants/young children

List 2 examples of special population groups that are at particular risk for recieving an inappropriate medication, the wrong dose, or the wrong drug product.

Accessibility, affordability, trust, and empowerment

List 4 reasons why consumers use OTC products

B. Is an endogenous hormone

Melatonin: A. Stops diarrhea B. Is an endogenous hormone C. Comes as a topical agent D. Effectively treats athlete's foot

D. A and B

OTC agents such as Tums and Milk of Magnesia can reduce the effectiveness of: A. Quinolones B. Tetracyclines C. Insulin D. A and B

D. Tylenol (acetaminophen)

Taking too much _______________ on a daily basis can lead to liver toxicity. A. Benadryl (diphenhydramine) B. Mucinex (guaifenesin) C. Motrin (ibuprofen) D. Tylenol (acetaminophen)

C. Diphenhydramine

The OTC product most commonly used as an antihistamine is: A. Aspirin B. Ibuprofen C. Diphenhydramine D. Polyethylene glycol

B. 2 years

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends that children under the age of _______________ should not use OTC cough and cold products. A. 1 year B. 2 years C. 4 years D. 5 years

manufacturer

The _______________ must also show that consumers can independently read, understand, and follow the product's labeling.

counsel

Unless the prescriber writes a script for an OTC item, the pharmacist is not required to _______________ patients on those products.

benzoyl peroxide

What is a common OTC product for acne?

B. Omeprazole

What is the generic name for the active ingredient of Prilosec OTC? A. Clotrimazole B. Omeprazole C. Esomeprazole D. Lansoprazole

Behind-the-counter (BTC) drug

a nonprescription medication kept "behind the [prescription] counter" that patients must buy at the pharmacy

adverse

When trying a new OTC medication, individuals should watch carefully for any _______________ reactions that may occur.

pseudophedrine (Sudafed)

Which decongestant does not cause drowsiness?

A. NSAIDs

Which drug class has an association with increased blood pressure? A. NSAIDs B. Stimulant laxatives C. Topical steroid creams D. Allergic rhinitis nasal inhalers

C. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

Which drug does not have antiinflammatory properties? A. Aspirin B. Ibuprofen (Advil) C. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) D. Naproxen (Aleve)

Antitussive

a drug that can decrease a coughing reflex

Antiinflammatory

a drug that reduces swelling

Nutraceutical

a food or supplement with added health benefits

Pruritus

an itch

Expectorants

chemicals that loosen and thin sputum and bronchial secretions

Antipyretics

drugs that reduce fever

Analgesics

drugs that relieve pain

Legend drugs

medications that need a prescription

Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs

nonprescription medicines generally found outside the secure part of the pharmacy

oxybutynin

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Oxytrol (for women) Drug Class: Patch for overactive bladder Note: Rx to OTC

lansoprazole

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Prevacid 24HR Drug Class: Proton pump inhibitor Note: Rx to OTC

omeprazole

Generic Name: _______________ Brand Name: Prilosec OTC Drug Class: Proton pump inhibitor Note: Rx to OTC

C. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug

NSAID stands for: A. Nonsafety caps for AIDS patients B. Not safe as an IUD service C. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug D. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory disease

therapeutic

Only pharmacists can provide _______________ advice about OTC medications.

True

True or False: The recommended duration for nonprescription sleep aids is 2 weeks maximum.

B. Aspirin

Which analgesic works to prevent heart attacks? A. Acetaminophen B. Aspirin C. Ibuprofen D. Naproxen