Chapter 3
The pitot system provides impact pressure for which instrument?
Airspeed indicator
Which instrument(s) will become inoperative if the static vents become clogged?
Airspeed, altimeter, and vertical speed.
Deviation
Compass errors due to disturbances from magnetic fields produced by metals
Ands is only on
East and west headings
compass correction card
Fixes deviation
360 to 90
Goes wrong way then fixes itself with no errors roll on 90
Under what condition will true altitude be lower than indicated altitude
In colder than standard air temperature
Low to high
In the sky
Color arcs are
Indicated
North — south —-
Lags leads
270 to 330
Lags undershoot
High to low
Look out below
(Refer to figure 4.) which color identifies the power-off stalling speed in a specified configuration
Lower limit of the green arc
(Figure 4.) Which color identifies the power-off stalling speed with wing flaps and landing gear in the landing configuration
Lower limit of the white arc
If a flight is made from an area of low pressure into an area of high pressure without the altimeter setting being adjusted, the altimeter will indicate
Lower than the actual altitude above sea level
Instruments are
Magnetic
Variation
Magnetic vs true
What is an important airspeed limitation that is not color coded on airspeed indicators
Maneuvering speed
Vno is defined as the...
Maximum structural cruising speed
(Figure 7.) The proper adjustment to make on the altitude indicator during level flight is to align the
Miniature airplane to the horizon bar
What does the red line on an airspeed indicator represent?
Never exceed speed
Turning errors
North and south
During flight, when are the indications of a magnetic compass accurate?
Only in straight-and-level unaccelerated flight.
360 to 270
Opposite way switch lag but catch up
How do variations in temperature affect the altimeter?
Pressure levels are raised on warm days and the indicated altitude is lower than true altitude
Vso is defined as the
Stalling speed or minimum steady flight speed in the landing configuration.
Under what condition is pressure altitude and density altitude the same value
Standard temperature
Fix slip and skid
Step on the ball
If the pitot tube and outside static vents become clogged, which instruments would be affected?
The altimeter, airspeed indicator, and vertical speed indicator
In the Northern Hemisphere, a magnetic compass will normally indicate a turn toward the north if
an aircraft is accelerated while on an east or west heading
Which instrument will become inoperative if the pitot tube becomes clogged?
Airspeed
Which V-speed represents maximum landing gear extended speed?
Vle
Which condition would cause the altimeter to indicate a lower than true altitude
Air temperature warmer than standard
210 to 270
Ahead no turning errors
090 to 210
Ahead of you roll out on 220
(Figure 82.) Altimeter 3 is indicating a VFR cruising altitude for which direction?
080 degrees magnetic
(Figure 3.) Which altimeter(s) indicate(s) more than 10,000 feet?
1 and 2 only
(Figure 3) Altimeter 1 indicates
10,500 feet
(Refer to Figure 4.) What is the maximum flaps-extended speed?
100 knots
(Figure 3.) Altimeter 2 indicates
14,500 feet
(Refer to figure 4.) what is the maximum structural cruising speed
165 knots
(Figure 4.) what is the caution range of the airplane
165 to 208 knots
At what altitude shall the altimeter be set to 29.92 when climbing to cruising flight level?
18,000 feet MSL.
Standard rate turn (360)
2 minutes
(Figure 4.) The maximum speed at which the airplane can be operated in smooth air is
208 knots
(Figure 4.) What is the full flap operating range for the airplane?
55 to 100 knots
If it is necessary to set the altimeter from 29.15 to 29.85, what change occurs?
700-foot increase in indicated altitude
(Figure 3.) Altimeter 3 indicates
9,500 feet
Overshoot or undershoot not on
90 and 270
In the Northern Hemisphere, a magnetic compass will normally indicate a turn toward the west if
A right turn is entered from a north heading
ANDS
Accelerate North Decelerate South
If a pilot changes the altimeter setting from 30.11 to 29.96, what is the approximate change in indication?
Altimeter will indicate 150 feet lower.
Slip
Ball inside same
skid
Ball outside (directly under)
(Figure 7.) How should a pilot determine the direction of bank from an attitude indicator such as the one illustrated?
By the relationship of the miniature airplane (C) to the deflected horizon bar (B).
What is pressure altitude
The altitude indicated when the barometric pressure scale is set to 29.92.
What should be the indication on the magnetic compass as you roll into a standard rate turn to the right from a south heading in the northern hemisphere
The compass will indicate a turn to the right, but at a faster rate than is actually occurring.
Prior to takeoff, the altimeter should be set to which altitude or altimeter setting?
The current local altimeter setting, if available, or the departure airport elevation.
If an altimeter setting is not available before flight, to which altitude should the pilot adjust the altimeter?
The elevation of the departure area
What is density altitude
The pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature.
(Refer to figure 4.) Which color identifies the never-exceed speed
The red radial line
What is true altitude?
The vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level.
What is absolute altitude
The vertical distance of the aircraft above the surface.
(Refer to Figure 4.) Which color identifies the normal flap operating range?
The white arc
Sectionals are
True
Not engine driven
Turn coordinator
UNOS
Undershoot north overshoot south
Standard rate turns
Use them to keep instruments accurately
Which V-speed represents maneuvering speed?
V/A
Which would provide the greatest gain in altitude in the shortest distance during climb after takeoff?
VX
Which V-speed represents maximum flap extended speed?
Vfe
After takeoff, which airspeed would the pilot use to gain the most altitude in a given period of time?
Vy
Under what condition is indicated altitude the same as true altitude
When at sea level under standard conditions.
Under which condition will pressure altitude be equal to true altitude?
When standard atmospheric conditions exist.
Adverse Yaw
Yawing tendency toward the outside of a turn.
In the Northern Hemisphere, a magnetic compass will normally indicate a turn toward the east if
a left turn is entered from a north heading
Deviation error of the magnetic compass is caused by
certain metals and electrical systems within the aircraft
In the Northern Hemisphere, if an aircraft is accelerated or decelerated, the magnetic compass will normally indicate
correctly when on a north or south heading
If a flight is made from an area of high pressure into an area of lower pressure without the altimeter setting being adjusted, the altimeter will indicate
higher than the actual altitude above sea level
Deviation in a magnetic compass is caused by the
magnetic fields within the aircraft distorting the lines of magnetic force
The angular difference between true north and magnetic north is
magnetic variation
(Figure 5.) A turn coordinator provides an indication of the
movement of the aircraft about the yaw and roll axes
(Figure 6.) To receive accurate indications during flight from a heading indicator, the instrument must be
periodically realigned with the magnetic compass as the gyro precesses
In the Northern Hemisphere, a magnetic compass will normally indicate a turn toward the south when
the aircraft is decelerated while on a west heading
Altimeter setting is the value to which the barometric pressure scale of the altimeter is set so the altimeter indicates
true altitude at field elevation