Chapter 3 - How Data is Transported Over Networks

Routing Loop

Manually modifying a routing table can cause messages to get stuck hopping between a limited number of routers. What is the problem called?

TCP

Which protocol's header would a Layer 4 device read and process?

BGP

Which routing protocol does an exterior router use to collect data to build its routing tables?

Administrative Distance (AD)

A routing protocol's reliability and priority are rated by what measurement?

Network layer

At which OSI layer does IP operate?

(Any three) Hop count, theoretical bandwidth, actual throughput, path latency (or delay), path load, MTU, cost, reliability

Give three examples of routing metrics used by routers to determine the best various available routing paths.

RIP/RIPv2, IS-IS, OSPF

List three interior gateway protocols (IGPs)

IGMP, ARP

Which two protocols are essential to IPv4 networks, but whose functions are performed by ICMPv6 on IPv6 networks?

Its routing table

What database does a router consult before determining the most efficient path for delivering a message?

Checksum

What field in a TCP segment is used to determine if an arriving data unit exactly matches the data unit sent by the source?

1. Connect dissimilar networks. 2. Interpret Layers 3 and 4 addressing and other information. 3. Determine the best path for data to follow. 4. Reroute traffic if a primary path is down but another path is available.

What four functions do all routers perform?

Dynamic ARP table entries are created when a client makes an ARP request, whereas static ARP tables entries are entered manually using the ARP utility.

What is the difference between dynamic ARP table entries and static ARP table entries?

Looking glass site

What kind of Web site allows you to remotely collect network routing information back to your actual location?

Static Route

What kind of route is created when a network administrator configures a router to use a specific path between nodes?

Port number

What number does a host use to identify the application involved in a transmission

Three-way handshake

What process is used to establish a TCP connection?

TCP is connection-oriented, uses sequencing and checksums, and provides flow control

What three characteristics distinguish TCP from UDP?

Gateway of last resort

When a router can't determine a path to a message's destination, where does it send the message?

Ping

When messages to a remote Web server are being lost form no apparent reason and you suspect the problem might be a path MTU black hole, which TCP/IP utility can you use to diagnose the problem?

Network Layer

Which OSI layer is responsible for directing data fro one LAN to another?