Chapter 3: Human Resource Management

Executive Order 11246 applies to discrimination among federal contractors receiving more than ______ from the government.

$10,000

For nonserious OSHA violations, a company may be assessed a penalty of up to ______ for each incident.

$7,000

Which of the following were traditional forms of affirmative action to attract and hire minority employees? (Select all that apply.) (A. posting open positions within the organization rather than publicly B. providing training opportunities C. recruiting on college campuses D. advertising in minority-oriented publications)

(providing training opportunities. recruiting on college campuses. advertising in minority-oriented publications.)

On an annual basis, organizations with ______ or more employees must file a report with the EEOC listing the number of women and minorities employed in nine job categories.

100

Individuals who believe they have experienced discrimination and wish to file a complaint with the EEOC must do so within

180 days

Complaints of workplace discrimination under equal employment opportunity laws should be filed with the

EEOC

What actions can the EEOC take if it cannot come to an agreement with an organization that has discriminated against a person who has filed a discrimination complaint? (Select all that apply.) (A. It can sue the organization in state court. B. It can aid the person in bringing suit in federal court. C. It can issue the person a "right to sue" letter. D. It can fine the organization up to $1,000 a day.)

It can aid the person in bringing suit in federal court. It can issue the person a "right to sue" letter.

Which of the following is an effect of OSHA? (A. It has succeeded in directly regulating employee behavior. B. It has raised awareness of occupational safety. C. It guarantees safety for anyone who follows the OSHA guidelines. D. It has virtually eliminated occupational injury.)

It has raised awareness of occupational safety.

Which of the following statements are true about LGBT issues in employment? (Select all that apply.) (A. Most large business have developed inclusive attitudes toward LGBT individuals. B. Many large companies make benefits available to same-sex partners of employees. C. Most large companies state that they do not discriminate based on sexual orientation. D. Employment law has been thoroughly revised to account for the U.S. Supreme Court decision legalizing same-sex marriage.)

Most large business have developed inclusive attitudes toward LGBT individuals. Many large companies make benefits available to same-sex partners of employees. Most large companies state that they do not discriminate based on sexual orientation

The Thirteenth Amendment

No slavery

Which of the following statements are true concerning a complaint of discrimination filed with the EEOC? (A. The EEOC may take up to 1 year to investigate the complaint. B. The EEOC takes responsibility for investigating the complaint. C. If the EEOC determines that discrimination has occurred, it sends the case to the justice department for trial. D. If the EEOC does not believe the complaint is valid, the complainant may not pursue the matter with a lawsuit.)

The EEOC takes responsibility for investigating the complaint.

Which of the following statements are correct for a situation in which an OSHA compliance officer believes that a company has violated an OSHA regulation and issues the company a citation? (Select all that apply.) (A. The company must post the citation in a prominent place. B. The company must post an apology with the citation. C. The company may wait to post the citation if it plans to contest it. D. The company must post the citation near the location of the violation.)

The company must post the citation in a prominent place. The company must post the citation near the location of the violation.

Which of the statements are true concerning the outcomes of the Americans with Disabilities Act? (Select all that apply.) (A. The kinds of cases being filed are not based on the rights that the act was originally intended to protect. B. As a result of the act, about one-half of people with disabilities in the United States are now employed. C. About one-half of the complaints filed under the act have been found to be without reasonable cause. D. The act has resulted in increased litigation.)

The kinds of cases being filed are not based on the rights that the act was originally intended to protect. About one-half of the complaints filed under the act have been found to be without reasonable cause. The act has resulted in increased litigation.

Which of the following are among the points the plaintiff needs to prove to win a disparate-treatment discrimination case? (Select all that apply.) (A. Before rejecting the plaintiff, the employer failed to interview him or her. B. The plaintiff belongs to a protected group. C. The plaintiff applied for and was qualified for the position. D. After the plaintiff was rejected, the employer hired someone with similar qualifications. E. The plaintiff was rejected, despite being qualified.)

The plaintiff belongs to a protected group. The plaintiff applied for and was qualified for the position. After the plaintiff was rejected, the employer hired someone with similar qualifications. The plaintiff was rejected, despite being qualified.

Which of following are examples of the executive branch's power to impact the legislative branch and the laws it passes? ( A. The regulatory agencies can make new laws. B. The regulatory agencies have responsibility for enforcing laws. C. The president can propose bills to Congress. D. The president has the power to veto any law passed by Congress.)

The regulatory agencies have responsibility for enforcing laws. The president can propose bills to Congress. The president has the power to veto any law passed by Congress.

Equal employment opportunity in the United States is regulated by ______ of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Title VII

TRUE/FALSE. A federal circuit court has interpreted Title VII's prohibition against sex discrimination to include sexual orientation.

True

An employment practice that lacks discriminatory content but still leads to discrimination is known as

a disparate impact practice

Though Congress is motivated by a variety of factors, most of the laws it passes are a response to

a perceived societal need

When presented with evidence of discrimination, an employer in a disparate impact case needs to show that the employment practice is a(n)

business necessity

In which of the following ways does the U.S. Constitution affect HRM? (Select all that apply.) A. by delineating citizens' rights. B. by allowing business to practice without regulation. C. by establishing three primary governing bodies. D. by ensuring employers can control employees.

by delineating citizens' rights. by establishing three primary governing bodies.

As a result of the Civil Rights Act, those who discriminate based on race, age, and other factors can be

charged punitive damages

OSHA inspections are performed by government agents known as ______.

compliance officers

Over the past few years, the number of religious discrimination charges filed in court

consistently decreased, but then began to increase

Unlike other theories of discrimination, reasonable accommodation places a special obligation on employers to accommodate which of the following? (Select all that apply.) (A.gender B. disability C. ethnicity D. religion)

disability religion

When an employment practice disproportionately excludes a protected group from employment opportunities, a company can be accused of

disparate impact

Which of the following are among scholars' legal theories of discrimination? (Select all that apply.) A. disparate impact B. statistical disparity C. disparate treatment D. reasonable accommodation

disparate impact. disparate treatment. reasonable accommodation.

When people are treated differently because of their race, gender, sex, disability status, or religion, they are subject to

disparate treatment

Gender equity within organizations focuses on which areas? (Select all that apply.) (A. equity in experience B. equity in representation C. equity in education D. equity in pay)

equity in representation. equity in pay.

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 protects employees from employer retaliation for ______ illegal employment practice.

expressing through proper channels a perceived

True or false: Equity in representation means that men and women are paid the same for equal work.

false

Discrimination based on Executive Order 11246 applies only to

federal contractors and subcontractors.

Complaints over which of the following account for most of the cases filed with the EEOC under the Americans with Disabilities Act?

firings

describes equal employment opportunity?

governmental action to give the same chance for employment to everyone

Reviewing annual EEO-1 reports from organizations allows the EEOC to

identify patterns of hiring discrimination

OSHA assigned the Department of Labor with which of the following responsibilities? (Select all that apply.) (A. inspecting employers B. applying health standards C. training employers to comply with OSHA D. levying fines)

inspecting employers. applying health standards. levying fines.

OSHA assigned the Department of Labor with which of the following responsibilities? (Select all that apply.) (A. nspecting employers B. levying fines C. training employers to comply with OSHA D. applying health standards)

inspecting employers. levying fines. applying health standards.

U.S. Supreme Court decisions can only be overturned by

legislation

Which of the following has the federal government used to achieve equal employment opportunity? (A. United Nations decrees B. legislation C. constitutional amendments D. executive orders)

legislation. constitutional amendments. executive orders.

When hearing a disparate treatment case, the court first tries to rule out the

most obvious reasons for rejecting the plaintiff's claim

Businesses with more than $50,000 in contracts with the federal government are required to do What?

not discriminate in employee hirings. keep a written affirmative action plan on file.

In the discrimination case Dukes v. Walmart, lawyers for the plaintiff demonstrated that the ratio of women to men in the company's managerial group was much lower than what it was for their top 20 competitors. This statistic was part of a class-action ______ lawsuit.

pattern and practice

A plaintiff who is able to demonstrate that a defendant's explanation for a discriminatory hiring decision is simply a ploy to mask actual discriminatory intent has exposed the defendant's reasoning as a

pretext

Which of the following were traditional forms of affirmative action to attract and hire minority employees? (Select all that apply.) (A. providing training opportunities B. posting open positions within the organization rather than publicly C. recruiting on college campuses D. advertising in minority-oriented publications)

providing training opportunities. recruiting on college campuses. advertising in minority-oriented publications.

Differences in which of the following allow for legally permissible differences in pay? (Select all that apply.) (A. quality of production B. merit C. seniority D. an employee's sex)

quality of production. merit. seniority.

Opponents of quota-like hiring systems argue that such systems limit the hiring of nonminority groups, namely whites and males, and therefore are a form of

reverse discrimination

Differences in which of the following allow for legally permissible differences in pay?

seniority. merit. quality of production.

A compliance officer takes which of the following steps as part of the OSHA inspection process? (Select all that apply.) (A. shows up unannounced B. discusses findings and violations with employer C. reviews employer records for deaths, injuries, and illnesses D. interviews employees F. remains in a designated area of the workplace)

shows up unannounced. discusses findings and violations with employer. reviews employer records for deaths, injuries, and illnesses. interviews employees.

Which of the following are appropriate subjects for company safety programs? (Select all that apply.) (A. specific disabilities B. benefit programs C. specific injuries D. job safety)

specific disabilities. specific injuries. job safety.

What three things does a plaintiff attempt to establish in a class-action pattern and practice lawsuit filed for discrimination by an employer? (Select all that apply.) (A. that procedures for pay and for promotions leave too much discretion to managers. B. that statistical differences exist between the composition of a given group in the company compared to some other relevant group C. that top management was likely aware of the existence of a hostile environment in the workplace D. that individual acts of intentional discrimination suggest that discrimination is part of the larger company culture)

that procedures for pay and for promotions leave too much discretion to managers. that statistical differences exist between the composition of a given group in the company compared to some other relevant group. that individual acts of intentional discrimination suggest that discrimination is part of the larger company culture.

Which of the following were amended as a result of the Civil Rights Act of 1991? (Select all that apply.) (A. the Pregnancy Discrimination Act B. the Americans with Disabilities Act C. the Civil Rights Act of 1964 D. the Age Discrimination in Employment Act)

the Americans with Disabilities Act. the Civil Rights Act of 1964. the Age Discrimination in Employment Act.

The Pregnancy Discrimination Act was passed as an amendment to

the Civil Rights Act

Which law gave all citizens the right to sue in federal court over alleged civil rights violations?

the Civil Rights Act of 1871

Which of the following protects employees from retaliatory acts, such as being fired, if they testify in a hearing and provide evidence that the employer has engaged in an illegal employment act, such as discrimination in hiring?

the Civil Rights Act of 1964

An agency is responsible for enforcing executive orders covering companies that do business with the federal government

the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs

What uses actual probability distributions to determine if hiring decisions have had adverse impact on minority groups?

the standard deviation rule

When attempting to demonstrate that a hiring practice is related to a legitimate goal, an employer often cites which of the following job performance measures in its defense? (Select all that apply.) (A. training success B. job performance ratings C. subjective measures of output D. appraisals from coworkers)

training success. job performance ratings.

true/false. Congress amended Title VII in 2017 to include sexual orientation and gender identity as protected categories.

true.

The National Labor Relations Board hears disputes between which parties?

unions and management