chapter 30

Compression injury is most likely due to which of the following? Select one: A. Hollow-organ rupture B. Improperly placed lab belt C. Stabbing D. Ejection of unrestrained driver

B

Placing a pregnant patient in a supine position during the third trimester of pregnancy: Select one: A. results in spontaneous urinary incontinence if the bladder is full. B. is recommended if the patient has severe abdominal discomfort. C. may decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart. D. often causes hypotension secondary to cardiac compression.

C

the abdominal cavity

peritoneal cavity

In pediatric patients, the liver and spleen are _______. Select one: A. larger in proportion to the abdomen B. more protected by the thorax compared to adults C. less likely to bleed when injured D. smaller in proportion to the abdomen

A

When should you visually inspect the external genitalia on your patient? Select one: A. Only when there is a complaint of severe pain or other injury B. Only when ordered by medical direction C. Anytime the patient agrees to treatment and transport D. Always during the secondary assessment

A

A 54-year-old male experienced an avulsion to his penis when his foreskin got caught in the zipper of his pants. He was able to unzip his pants and remove the foreskin prior to your arrival. Your assessment reveals that he is in severe pain and that the avulsion is bleeding moderately. The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes: Select one: A. covering the avulsion with moist, sterile dressings. B. applying direct pressure with a dry, sterile dressing. C. administering 100% oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. D. requesting a paramedic to administer pain medication.

B

Abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever are most likely due to _______. Select one: A. evisceration B. infection C. hypovolemia D. hemorrhage

B

All of the following are hollow abdominal organs, EXCEPT the: Select one: A. stomach. B. spleen. C. bladder. D. ureters.

B

You are transporting a 42-year-old male who experienced blunt abdominal trauma. He is receiving oxygen at 12 L/min via a nonrebreathing mask and full spinal precautions have been applied. During your reassessment, you note his level of consciousness has decreased and his respirations have become shallow. You should: Select one: A. reassess his vital signs and then notify the receiving hospital of the change in his clinical status. B. insert an airway adjunct if he will tolerate it and begin assisting his ventilations with a BVM. C. perform a comprehensive secondary assessment to determine why his clinical status has changed. D. suction his oropharynx to ensure it is clear of secretions and then increase the oxygen flow rate to 15 L/min.

B

You are transporting a patient with blunt abdominal trauma. The patient is unstable and is experiencing obvious signs and symptoms of shock. Your estimated time of arrival at the hospital is less than 10 minutes. After treating the patient appropriately, you should: Select one: A. perform a comprehensive secondary assessment. B. closely monitor him and reassess him frequently. C. begin documenting the call on the patient care form. D. forgo the hospital radio report because of his condition.

B

Because the depth of an open abdominal wound is often difficult to determine: Select one: A. the abdomen must be vigorously palpated. B. vital signs should be monitored frequently. C. the EMT must perform a thorough exam. D. prompt transport to the hospital is essential.

D

an injury in which there is soft-tissue damage inside the body but the skin remains intact

closed abdominal injury

the region below the rib cage and above the hip

flank

contacting the stomach muscles to minimize the pain the abdominal movement; a sign of peritonitis

guarding

structures through which material pass, such as the stomach, small intestines, large intestines, ureters, and urinary bladder

hollow organs

black tarry stools

melena

an injury in which there is a break in the surface of the skin or mucous membrane, exposing deeper tissue to potential contamination

open abdominal injury

solid masses of tissue where much of the chemical work of the body takes place

solid organs