Chapter 31: Orthopedic Injuries (Quiz)

What is the primary goal of in-line traction? Minimize pain Avoid further neurovascular compromise Reduce swelling Prevent permanent disability

Avoid further neurovascular

An open fracture is MOST accurately defined as a fracture in which: Select one: A. a large laceration overlies the fracture. B. a bullet shatters the underlying bone. C. bone ends protrude through the skin. D. the overlying skin is no longer intact.

D. the overlying skin is no longer intact.

In which of the following situations should the EMT splint an injured limb in the position of deformity? A. When distal circulation and neurological functions are absent B. If transport time to the hospital is greater than 20 to 30 minutes C. If a traction splint will be used to immobilize the injured extremity D. If resistance is encountered or the patient experiences severe pain

If resistance is encountered or the patient experiences severe pain

Which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would pose the greatest threat to a patient's life? Select one: A. Bilateral femur fractures B. Pelvic fracture with hypotension C. Nondisplaced long bone fractures D. An amputated extremity

Pelvic fracture with hypotension

You are attending to a patient with a nondisplaced elbow fracture. She has a strong pulse and good capillary refill. How should you address this type of injury? Splint from the shoulder joint to the wrist joint to stabilize the entire arm. Apply a Sager traction splint to stabilize the joint. Apply a sling and swathe to reduce pain. Apply ice to reduce swelling.

Splint from the shoulder joint to the wrist joint to stabilize the entire arm.

Which of the following would you use to stabilize an AC separation? Zippered air splint Rigid splint Sling and swathe Traction splint

Swing and swathe

Which of the following is a drawback of an air splint? Temperature changes affect air pressure in the splint. It does not provide uniform contact, so bone movement is possible. It restricts distal blood flow. It is complicated to use and requires multiple EMTs.

Temperature changes affect air

The musculoskeletal system refers to the: . connective tissue that supports the skeleton. B. bones and voluntary muscles of the body. C. involuntary muscles of the nervous system. D. nervous system's control over the muscles.

bones and voluntary muscles of the body

When caring for a patient with a possible fracture of the scapula, the EMT should: A. carefully assess the patient for breathing problems. B. assume that minimal force was applied to the back. C. apply rigid board splints across the chest and back. D. recognize that scapular fractures are life threatening.

carefully assess the patient for breathing problems

A 54-year-old male accidentally shot himself in the leg while cleaning his gun. Your assessment reveals a small entrance wound to the medial aspect of his right leg. The exit wound is on the opposite side of the leg and is actively bleeding. The patient complains of numbness and tingling in his right foot. You should: A. control the bleeding and cover the wound with a sterile dressing. B. gently manipulate the injured leg until the numbness dissipates. C. assess distal pulses as well as sensory and motor functions. D. manually stabilize the leg above and below the site of injury.

control the bleeding and cover the wound with a sterile dressing.

A supracondylar or intercondylar fracture is also known as a fracture of the: A. olecranon process. B. proximal radius. C. distal humerus. D. radial head.

distal humerus

Which MOI causes a fracture or dislocation at a distant point? Direct blow Indirect force Twisting force High-impact injury

indirect force

Crepitus and false motion are: A. indicators of a severe sprain. B. positive indicators of a fracture. C. most common with dislocations. D. only seen with open fractures.

positive indicators of a fracture.

A "hip" fracture is actually a fracture of the

proximal femur

A 22-year-old female was ejected from her car after striking a tree head-on. As you approach her, you note obvious closed deformities to both of her femurs. She is not moving and does not appear to be conscious. You should: A. apply manual stabilization to both of her femurs. B. administer oxygen and perform a rapid assessment. C. stabilize her head and perform a primary assessment. D. assess for a carotid pulse and assist her ventilations.

stabilize her head and perform a primary assessment.

Skeletal muscle is attached to the bone by tough, ropelike, fibrous structures called: Select one: lect one: A. tendons. B. cartilage. C. ligaments. D. fascia.

tendons

An open fracture is MOST accurately defined as a fracture in which:

the overlying skin is no longer intact

Which of the following statements regarding compartment syndrome is correct? A. Most cases of compartment syndrome occur following a severe fracture of the pelvis. B. Compartment syndrome typically develops within 6 to 12 hours after an injury. C. In most cases, compartment syndrome develops within a few minutes after an injury. D. Compartment syndrome occurs because of increased pressure within the bone cavity.

Compartment syndrome typically develops within 6 to 12 hours after an injury.

Which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would MOST likely result in deformity? A. Moderate sprain B. Hairline fracture C. Displaced fracture D. Severe strain

Displaced fracture

Which sign/symptom would give you a high index of suspicion that a patient may have compartment syndrome? Referred pain Limb deformity Disproportionate pain Hypersensation

Disproportionate pain

During your assessment of a 29-year-old female with significant deformity to her left elbow, you are unable to palpate a radial pulse. Your transport time to the hospital is approximately 40 minutes. You should: A. apply gentle manual traction in line with the limb and reassess for a pulse. B. make two or three attempts to restore distal circulation by manipulating the elbow. C. carefully straighten the injured arm and secure it with padded board splints. D. splint the elbow in the position of deformity and transport immediately.

apply gentle manual traction in line with the limb and reassess for a pulse

With regard to musculoskeletal injuries, the zone of injury is defined as the: A. area of obvious deformity over the site of impact. B. exact part of the bone or joint that was disrupted. C. part of the body that sustained secondary injury. D. area of soft-tissue damage surrounding the injury.

area of soft-tissue damage surrounding the injury.

A fracture is MOST accurately defined as a(n): A. disruption in the midshaft of a bone. B. break in the continuity of the bone. C. total loss of function in a bone. D. abnormality in the structure of a bone.

break in the continuity of the bone

The MOST significant hazard associated with splinting is:

delaying transport of a critically injured patient.

A disruption of a joint in which the bone ends are no longer in contact is known as what? Dislocation Fracture Sprain Strain

dislocation

A 17-year-old female dislocated her patella while playing soccer. Her knee is flexed and she complains of severe pain. You should: A. flex her knee slightly more and assess for distal circulation. B. keep her knee flexed and secure it with padded board splints. C. gently straighten her knee and apply a padded board splint. D. make one attempt to return the patella to its normal position.

keep her knee flexed and secure it with padded board splints

What is the most reliable indicator of an underlying fracture? Deformity Guarding Point tenderness Crepitus

point tenders

When assessing distal circulation in a patient's lower extremities, which pulse should you palpate? Femoral Dorsalis pedis Popliteal Iliac

popliteal

In the musculoskeletal injury grading system, under which category would you place a laceration of a major nerve or blood vessel? Moderate Serious Severe Critical

serious

During your secondary assessment of a 30-year-old male who fell 25 feet, you note crepitus when palpating his pelvis. Your partner advises you that the patient's blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg and his heart rate is 120 beats/min and weak. After completing your assessment, you should: A. defer spinal immobilization and transport to a trauma center. B. perform a focused physical exam with emphasis on the pelvis. C. stabilize the pelvis with a pelvic binder and protect the spine. D. log roll the patient onto a long backboard and transport at once.

stabilize the pelvis with a pelvic binder and protect the spine.

In general, musculoskeletal injuries should be splinted before moving the patient unless: ect one: A. the patient is in severe pain. B. the patient is clinically unstable. C. deformity and swelling are present. D. transport time is less than 15 minutes.

the patient is clinically unstable