Chapter 32 test practice questions (oral)

16. The maxillary anterior teeth are supplied by which branch of the maxillary artery?

a. Anterior superior alveolar b. Posterior superior alveolar c. Descending palatine d. Pterygopalatine e. None of the above ANS: A The anterior superior alveolar artery (ASA), a branch of the infraorbital artery, supplies the maxillary anterior teeth after traveling into bone in front of the maxillary sinus.

7. The common carotid artery divides into the external and internal arteries. The division occurs at the hyoid bone

a. Both statements are true. b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. d. Both statements are false. ANS: B At about the level of the larynx the common carotid divides into external and internal arteries.

3. The pterygopalatine artery supplies the soft palate area.

ANS: F The lesser palatine artery supplies the soft palate. The pterygopalatine artery supplies the nasal pharynx, portions of the palate including the anterior portion, the nasal cavity, and the maxillary tuberosity.

5. The external jugular vein empties into the subclavian vein.

ANS: T After descending and crossing the lateral surface of the sternomastoid muscle, the external jugular vein empties into the subclavian vein. The subclavian drains parts of the temporal, maxillary, and posterior auricular areas.

1. The right atrioventricular valve is also known as the tricuspid valve.

ANS: T Blood enters the heart through the right atrium. When passing to the right ventricle, blood flows through the right atrioventricular valve, also called the tricuspid valve.

4. The blood supply to the tongue comes from the lingual artery.

ANS: T The lingual artery supplies the tongue and the floor of the mouth. This artery branches off the carotid below the facial artery then travels beneath the hyoglossus muscle of the tongue.

2. The inferior alveolar artery is a branch of the maxillary artery

ANS: T The more important branches of the maxillary artery in the infratemporal fossa are the inferior alveolar, temporal, masseteric, pterygoid, middle meningeal, and buccal branches.

4. Which branch of the retromandibular vein may be missing (Select all that apply.)?

a. Anterior b. Posterior c. Superior d. Inferior ANS: A, B Often either the posterior or anterior branch of the retromandibular vein is missing, which causes a maldistribution of blood between the external and internal jugular veins. This causes differences in sizes of these two veins.

20. The retromandibular vein connects the internal and external jugular veins. Sometimes a branch of the retromandibular vein is missing, which will affect the size of the jugular vein.

a. Both statements are true. b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. d. Both statements are false. ANS: A When the posterior or anterior branch of the retromandibular vein is missing, more blood is shunted to either the external or internal jugular vein. This causes differences in the sizes of these veins.

1. From the aorta, blood flows through the thorax. In the thorax, the aorta ends as common paired iliac arteries.

a. Both statements are true. b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. d. Both statements are false. ANS: B The aorta ends in the pelvis as common paired iliac arteries. Note that from the thorax blood flows to the abdomen.

9. The common carotid artery runs within the carotid sheath along with the internal jugular vein. The vagus nerve lies immediately beneath the carotid sheath.

a. Both statements are true. b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. d. Both statements are false. ANS: B The common carotid artery runs within the carotid sheath along with the internal jugular vein and the vagus nerve.

14. The maxillary artery has branches that supply all of the maxillary and mandibular teeth. It also supplies the tongue and floor of the mouth.

a. Both statements are true. b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. d. Both statements are false. ANS: B The maxillary artery diverges from the external carotid at the level of the neck of the condyle. Branches of the maxillary artery supply all of the maxillary and mandibular teeth as well as many gingival areas. The tongue and floor of the mouth are supplied by the lingual artery, which is not a branch of the maxiIlary

13. The buccal gingiva of the posterior maxillary teeth is supplied by the infraorbital artery. This artery is a division of the maxillary artery.

a. Both statements are true. b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. d. Both statements are false. ANS: B The posterior superior alveolar artery, a division of the maxillary artery, supplies the buccal gingiva of the posterior maxillary teeth.

15. The pterygopalatine artery supplies most of the nasal cavity. At the sphenopalatine foramen, it emerges as the nasopalatine artery to anastomose with the greater palatine artery.

a. Both statements are true. b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. d. Both statements are false. ANS: B The pterygopalatine artery emerges from the incisive papilla, where it connects (anastomoses) with the greater palatine artery.

2. The external carotid artery has numerous branches that supply the head and neck area with blood. The ascending pharyngeal artery is a branch within the anterior branch.

a. Both statements are true. b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. d. Both statements are false. ANS: B Unlike the internal carotid, the external carotid has numerous branches. They are the anterior, medial, and posterior. The ascending pharyngeal artery is the only branch of the medial branch.

4. The external jugular vein drains most of the facial area. Blood from the facial area passes out of the skull through the mental foramen.

a. Both statements are true. b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. d. Both statements are false. ANS: D The internal jugular vein drains most of the facial area as well as much of the brain area. Blood from these areas exits the skull through the jugular foramen

17. The superficial temporal vein and the mandibular vein form the retromandibular vein. The retromandibular vein divides into an inferior and a superior retromandibular vein.

a. Both statements are true. b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false. c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true. d. Both statements are false. ANS: D The maxillary vein and the superficial temporal vein form the retromandibular vein, which divides into anterior and posterior retromandibular veins.

19. An untreated infection at the bridge of the nose may cause serious damage because such infections can spread into a venous sinus near the base of the brain.

a. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. b. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related. c. The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct. d. The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct. e. NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct. ANS: A Such infections may spread through the superior ophthalmic veins into the cavernous sinus, a venous sinus near the base of the brain. Left untreated in this location, the infection may stagnate, causing serious infection and/or death.

5. Following a superior alveolar nerve block, a hematoma near maxillary molars can occur because the buccal artery is very close to the maxillary tuberosity.

a. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. b. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related. c. The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct. d. The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct. e. NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct. ANS: C Hematomas can form near maxillary molars because the pterygoid plexus of veins is very close to the maxillary tuberosity. There is a high risk of piercing these veins with incorrect

6. Each of the following structures is supplied by branches of the internal carotid artery EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

a. Eyes b. Brain c. Coverings of the brain d. Cheek ANS: D The internal carotid artery has no branches in the neck but goes up to enter the skull. It supplies the eyes, the brain, and some limited regions of covering of the brain. The buccal branch of the external carotid supplies the mucosa of the cheek.

3. Each of the following statements is true of the maxillary artery EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

a. It is a terminal branch of the external carotid artery. b. It diverges from the external carotid at the level of the neck of the condyle. c. The maxillary artery has about 5 branches. d. This artery supplies teeth and muscles of mastication. e. The maxillary artery enters the pterygopalatine fossa behind and below the eye. ANS: C There are about 15 branches of the maxillary artery. Note that branches pertinent to dentistry supply muscles of mastication, teeth, the oral and nasal cavities, and the coverings of the brain. Prior to entering the pterygopalatine fossa, this artery travels forward in an area known as the infratemporal fossa.

12. The medial and lateral pterygoid muscles are supplied by which artery?

a. Maxillary b. Facial c. Lingual d. None of the above ANS: A The ptygeroid branches of the maxillary artery supply the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. The courses of the pterygoid branches vary.

10. The facial artery is the blood supply for all of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

a. Muscles of facial expression b. Upper and lower lips c. Skin of facial expression d. Sides of the nose e. Oral and nasal cavities ANS: E The maxillary artery supplies the oral and nasal cavities, as well as coverings of the brain, muscles of mastication, and teeth.

3. Which of the following are characteristics of a hematoma (Select all that apply.)?

a. Superficial bleeding on skin b. Bruising c. Swelling d. Throbbing, severe pain e. Discoloration ANS: B, C, E Hematomas, caused by blood escaping into tissue spaces, can be upsetting to patients. Swelling, bruising, and discoloration are classic symptoms. Hematomas do not bleed because the surface tissue remains intact. There generally is not severe pain or throbbing

1. Which of the following accurately describe the common carotid artery (Select all that apply.)?

a. The common carotid artery runs within the carotid sheath. b. The common carotid runs with the vagus nerve and the internal jugular vein. c. The common carotid lies lateral to the sternothyroid muscle. d. At about the level of the thyroid the common carotid artery divides. e. The common carotid artery divides into the external carotid and the internal carotid. ANS: A, B, E The common carotid artery lies beneath the sternocleidomastoid muscle, which runs along the side of the neck. Note that the sternothyroid muscle arises from the sternum and pulls the larynx down upon contraction. Also, the common carotid divides at about the level of the larynx.

2. Which of the following correctly describe venous drainage from the external jugular veins (Select all that apply.)?

a. The external jugular veins empty into the subclavian veins. b. The subclavian veins are in the neck. c. The brachiocephalic veins flow into the superior vena cava. d. From the superior vena cava blood flows into the heart. ANS: A, C, D Subclavian veins are in the arm. Note that after the external jugular empties into the subclavian, these veins join the internal jugular and form the brachiocephalic veins

18. Blood from the brachiocephalic vein flows into the vena cava and into the

a. external jugular vein b. internal jugular c. superior vena cava d. heart ANS: D The brachiocephalic veins, formed by junctions of the external jugular, subclavian, and internal jugular, flow into the superior vena cava and on into the heart.

11. The lingual and the facial arteries

a. supply the tongue b. travel the same path, parallel to each other c. often join together before branching separately d. supply labial gingival of mandibular teeth ANS: C Quite frequently, the lingual and facial arteries come off the external carotid as one branch and then split. This branch is referred to as the linguofacial trunk

8. A pressure point on the mandible for control of facial bleeding is located

a. where the lingual artery and vein cross the inferior border of the mandible b. where the facial artery and vein cross the inferior border of the mandible c. between the mental artery and retromandibular vein d. at the linguofacial trunk ANS: B After giving off a submental branch, the facial artery and vein crosses the inferior border of the mandible. Clinically, this point is considered a pressure point. Compression can be applied to stop facial bleeding.