Chapter 34 quiz

46) Which of the following is a diploblastic phylum of aquatic predators? A) Cnidaria B) Annelida C) Mollusca D) Arthropoda E) Echinodermata

A) Cnidaria

A In a tide pool, a student encounters an organism with a hard outer covering that contains much calcium carbonate, an open circulatory system, and gills. The organism could potentially be a crab, a shrimp, a barnacle, or a bivalve. Which structure below would allow for the most certain identification? A) a mantle B) a heart C) a body cavity D) a lophophore E) eyes

A) a mantle

5) A land snail, a clam, and an octopus all share A) a mantle. B) a radula. C) gills. D) embryonic torsion. E) distinct cephalization.

A) a mantle.

52) A shared derived characteristic for members of the arthropod subgroup that includes spiders would be the presence of A) chelicerae. B) an open circulatory system. C) an exoskeleton. D) a cuticle. E) a cephalothorax.

A) chelicerae.

20) If a lung were to be found in a mollusc, where would it be located? A) mantle cavity B) coelom C) incurrent siphon D) visceral mass E) excurrent siphon

A) mantle cavity

15) Planarians lack dedicated respiratory and circulatory systems because A) none of their cells are far removed from the gastrovascular cavity or from the external environment. B) they lack mesoderm as embryos and, therefore, lack the adult tissues derived from mesoderm. C) their flame bulbs can carry out respiratory and circulatory functions. D) their body cavity, a pseudocoelom, carries out these functions.

A) none of their cells are far removed from the gastrovascular cavity or from the external environment.

49) Which of the following is a characteristic of adult echinoderms? A) secondary radial symmetry B) spiral cleavage during early embryonic development C) gastrovascular cavity D) exoskeleton E) a lophophore

A) secondary radial symmetry

28) Nematode worms and annelid worms share which of the following features? A) use of fluid in the body cavity as a hydrostatic skeleton B) ecdysis C) presence of a circulatory system D) presence of segmentation E) absence of species with parasitic lifestyles

A) use of fluid in the body cavity as a hydrostatic skeleton

19) What would be the most effective method of reducing the incidence of blood flukes in a human population? A) Reduce the mosquito population. B) Reduce the freshwater snail population. C) Purify all drinking water. D) Avoid contact with rodent droppings. E) Carefully wash all raw fruits and vegetables.

B) Reduce the freshwater snail population.

9) Which clade in the phylum Cnidaria includes "jellies" with rounded (as opposed to boxlike) medusae? A) Hydrozoa B) Scyphozoa C) Anthozoa D) Cubozoa

B) Scyphozoa

25) Which of the following is a characteristic of nematodes? A) All species can be characterized as scavengers. B) They have only longitudinal muscles. C) They have a true coelom. D) They have a gastrovascular cavity. E) Many species are diploblastic.

B) They have only longitudinal muscles.

4) In terms of food capture, which sponge cell is most similar to the cnidocyte of a cnidarian? A) amoebocyte B) choanocyte C) epidermal cell D) pore cell

B) choanocyte

32) Which of the following are entirely, or partly, composed of calcium carbonate? A) spicules of siliceous sponges B) coral animals' exoskeletons C) molluscs' mantles D) insects' cuticles E) nematodes' cuticles

B) coral animals' exoskeletons

The possession of two pairs of antennae is a characteristic of A) spiders. B) crustaceans. C) insects. D) centipedes. E) millipedes.

B) crustaceans.

20) The larvae of many common tapeworms affecting humans are usually found A) encysted in human muscle. B) encysted in the muscle of an animal such as a cow or pig. C) in the abdominal blood vessels of humans. D) in the human brain. E) in the intestines of cows and pigs.

B) encysted in the muscle of an animal such as a cow or pig.

8) The members of which clade in the phylum Cnidaria occur only as polyps? A) Hydrozoa B) Scyphozoa C) Anthozoa D) Cubozoa

C) Anthozoa

44) Which of the following animal groups is entirely aquatic? A) Mollusca B) Crustacea C) Echinodermata D) Nematoda E) Platyhelminthes

C) Echinodermata

24) Which of the following is found only among annelids? A) a hydrostatic skeleton B) segmentation C) a clitellum D) a closed circulatory system E) a cuticle made of chitin

C) a clitellum

25) A brachiopod can be distinguished from a bivalve by the presence of A) two hinged shells. B) a digestive system with separate mouth and anus. C) a lophophore. D) suspension feeding. E) a distinct head.

C) a lophophore.

22) A terrestrial mollusc without a shell belongs to which clade? A) chitons B) bivalves C) gastropods D) cephalopods

C) gastropods

14) The excretory organs of annelids are A) protonephridia. B) flame bulbs. C) metanephridia. D) skin gills. E) malpighian tubules.

C) metanephridia.

18) While sampling marine plankton in a lab, a student encounters large numbers of fertilized eggs. The student rears some of the eggs in the laboratory for further study and finds that the blastopore becomes the mouth. The embryo develops into a trochophore larva and eventually has a true coelom. These eggs probably belonged to a(n) A) chordate. B) echinoderm. C) mollusc. D) nematode. E) arthropod.

C) mollusc.

15) Corals are most closely related to which group? A) jellies B) freshwater hydras C) sea anemones D) sponges E) barnacles

C) sea anemones

12) The organ(s) of respiratory gas exchange in oligochaetes is (are) A) parapodia. B) gills. C) the skin. D) book lungs. E) pairs of hollow bristles.

C) the skin

27) How many of the following can be used to distinguish a nematode worm from an annelid worm? 1. type of body cavity 2. number of muscle layers in the body wall 3. presence of segmentation 4. number of embryonic tissue layers 5. shape of worm in cross-sectional view A) one of these B) two of these C) three of these D) four of these E) five of these

C) three of these

91) Which phylum is characterized by animals that have a segmented body? A) Cnidaria B) Platyhelminthes C) Porifera D) Arthropoda E) Mollusca

D) Arthropoda

7) Which of the following is true of members of the phylum Cnidaria? A) They are not capable of locomotion because they lack true muscle tissue. B) They are primarily filter feeders. C) They have either, or both, of two body forms: mobile polyps and sessile medusae. D) They may use a gastrovascular cavity as a hydrostatic skeleton. E) They are the simplest organisms with a complete alimentary canal (two openings).

D) They may use a gastrovascular cavity as a hydrostatic skeleton

16) Which characteristic is shared by both cnidarians and flatworms? A) dorsoventrally flattened bodies B) flame cells C) radial symmetry D) a digestive system with a single opening E) both A and D

D) a digestive system with a single opening

43) A stalked, sessile marine organism has several feathery feeding structures surrounding an opening through which food enters. The organism could potentially be a cnidarian, a lophophorate, a tube-dwelling worm, a crustacean, or an echinoderm. Which of the following traits, if found in this organism, would allow the greatest certainty of identification? A) the presence of what seems to be radial symmetry B) a hard covering made partly of calcium carbonate C) a digestive system with mouth and anus separate from each other D) a water vascular system E) a nervous system

D) a water vascular system

1) A sponge's structural materials (spicules, spongin) are manufactured by the A) pore cells. B) epidermal cells. C) choanocytes. D) amoebocytes.

D) amoebocytes.

42) A terrestrial animal species is discovered with the following larval characteristics: exoskeleton, tracheal system for gas exchange, and modified segmentation. A knowledgeable zoologist would predict that its adults probably also would have A) eight legs. B) two pairs of antennae. C) a sessile lifestyle. D) an open circulatory system. E) parapodia.

D) an open circulatory system.

Among the invertebrate phyla, phylum Arthropoda is unique in possessing members that have A) segmented bodies. B) a cuticle. C) a ventral nerve cord. D) wings. E) open circulation.

D) wings.

53) You find a small animal with eight legs crawling up your bedroom wall. Closer examination will probably reveal that this animal has A) antennae. B) no antennae. C) chelicerae. D) A and C E) B and C

E) B and C B) no antennae. C) chelicerae.

30) Which of the following combinations of phylum and description is incorrect? A) Echinodermata-branch of Bilateria, coelom forms from archenteron B) Nematoda-roundworms, pseudocoelomate C) Cnidaria-radial symmetry, diploblastic D) Platyhelminthes-flatworms, acoelomates E) Porifera-coelomates, mouth from blastopore

E) Porifera-coelomates, mouth from blastopore

Which of the following describe(s) echinoderms? A) Hemolymph circulates in the water vascular system. B) They have an exoskeleton of hard calcareous plates. C) Digestion occurs completely outside of the organism. D) They are found in both freshwater and saltwater environments. E) Tubefeet provide motility in most species.

E) Tubefeet provide motility in most species.

23) A radula is present in members of which clade(s)? A) chitons B) bivalves C) gastropods D) cephalopods E) both chitons and gastropods

E) both chitons and gastropods

3) Which chemical is synthesized by some sponges and acts as an antibiotic? A) streptomycin B) spongin C) calcium carbonate D) silica E) cribrostatin

E) cribrostatin

7) The last common ancestor of all animals was probably a A) unicellular chytrid. B) unicellular yeast. C) multicellular algae. D) multicellular fungus. E) flagellated protist.

E) flagellated protist.

Sponges are most accurately described a marine filter feeders marine predators aquatic filter feeders freshwater scavengers aquatic predators

aquatic filter feeders

35) Which of the following describe(s) echinoderms? a. They have an endoskeleton of hard calcareous plates. b. Tube feet provide motility in most species. c. They have a pseudocoelom. d. Only A and B are true. e. A, B, and C are true.

d. Only A and B are true.

Humans most frequently acquire trichinosis by___.

eating undercooked pork.

The water vascular system of echinoderms ___ is analogous to the gastrovascular cavity of flatworms functions as a circulatory system that distributes nutrients to body cells functions in locomotion and feeding is bilateral in organization, even though the adult animal is not bilaterally symmetrical moves water through the animal's body during suspension feeding

functions in locomotion and feeding

You find a small animal with eight legs crawling up your bedroom wall. Closer examination will probably reveal that this animal has A) two pairs of antennae. B) simple, but not compound, eyes. C) a head, thorax, and abdomen. D) tracheae and spiracles. E) more than one of these.

simple, but not compound, eyes.