chapter 39

A client with renal disease requires IV fluids. It is important for the nurse to

An IV electronic infusion device usefully and accurately regulates the infusion rate, especially if fluid administration must be watched very carefully, such as when infusing fluid to a renal client or when administering certain medications

A nurse is caring for a client who is on total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following clients are candidates for TPN? Select all that apply.

Clients with major trauma or burns • Clients with liver and renal failure • Clients with inflammatory bowel disease

A dialysis unit nurse caring for a client with renal failure will expect the client to exhibit which fluid and electrolyte imbalances

Fluid volume excess can be caused by malfunction of the kidneys (i.e., renal failure). The kidneys are also responsible for acid-base balance, and in the presence of renal failure, the kidneys cannot regulate hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions, so the client develops metabolic acidosis.

What is the rate of administration for packed red blood cells?

Packed red blood cells are administered 1 unit over 2 to 3 hours for no longer than 4 hours

Upon assessment of a client's peripheral intravenous site, the nurse notices the area is red and warm. The client complains of pain when the nurse gently palpates the area. These signs and symptoms indicative of what?

Phlebitis is a local infection at the site of an intravenous catheter. Signs and symptoms include redness, pus, warmth, induration, and pain.

The nurse is caring for elderly patients in a long-term care facility. What age-related alteration should the nurse consider when planning care for these patients?

The elderly patient is more likely to experience cardiac volume intolerance related to the heart having less efficient pumping ability.

An intravenous hypertonic solution containing dextrose, proteins, vitamins, and minerals is known as

Total parenteral nutrition is a hypertonic solution containing 20% to 50% dextrose, proteins, vitamins, and minerals that is administered into the venous system.

A nurse is caring for an obese client with lung cancer who needs intermittent infusion of IV solution and medication for several months. Which of the following central venous catheters is most suitable for long-term access in a cancer client without the catheter protruding from the skin? Select all that apply.

Tunneled catheters • Peripherally inserted central catheter • Implanted access device

A decrease in arterial blood pressure will result in the release of:

renin

Calcium is important for which functions? Select all that apply.

wound healing • synaptic transmission in nervous tissue • membrane excitability • blood clotting