Chapter 4-5 Medieval Europe

Apprentice

A person who works for a master in a trade or craft

Hundred Years' War

A series of battles fought by France and England from 1337- 1453

Common law

A body of rulings made by judges or very old traditional laws that become part of a nations legal system

Bubonic plague

A deadly contagious disease caused by bacteria and spread by fleas; also called the Black Death

Charter

A written grant of rights and privileges by a ruler to a community

How did the nobles feel about the decline of feudalism

Angry because military technology made the castles useless

Habeas corpus

Bring the body to court for a fair and speedy trial. A legal concept that an accused person cannot be jailed indefinitely without being charged with a crime.

What was difficult about growing up in a medieval town?

If you were poor you had to live in a small house with many families

What were punishments in medieval Europe?

Depending on how bad the crime was it would be from being put in the stocks to being hanged or burned at the stake

The House of Lords=

The senate

Heretic

A person who holds beliefs that are contrary to a set of religious teachings

How were Jews often mistreated in medieval Europe? What opportunity was open to them?

An opportunity that opened to the Jews was to become bankers and money lenders.

How did merchants become the most wealthy and powerful citizens of the towns?

With the growth of trade, merchants grew powerful and wealthy because more people bought things

Why was the plague called the Black Death! What were common syptons

Called the Black Death because of the black and blue bumps of the skin of the victims. Symptoms are fever, vomiting, coughing, sneezing, and swellings called buboes

What did the bubonic plague effect

Come on wades every decade, affected trade routes, population decrease, trade and commerce slowed, shifted power, rebellions

What changes to the court system helped protect individual rights in the early 1100s in England?

The common law became an important safeguard of individual rights

House of Commons=

House of representatives

What were some common diseases in medieval Europe?

1. Leprosy when the skin and nerves have open sores 2. Scarlet fever 3. Measles 4. Cholera 5. Small pox 6. Black Death

Three conditions that led to the spread of disease

1. No running water in homes so they only bathe 1 a week 2. garbage was tossed onto streets, rivers, canals, streams 3. People live together in small spaces

Describe the typical home in a medieval town?

A medieval town was typically small and crowded. Most of the houses were built of wood and were narrow and could be up to four stories high.

What was the Model parliament and why was it created?

A model parliament is a governing body created by King Edward the first of England that included some commoners, church officials, and nobles

How was a town able to become independent of a feudal lord?

A town was able to become independent of a feudal lord if they became an independent by purchasing a royal charter

Magna carta

A written legal agreement signed in 1215 that limited the English monarchs power. It established the idea of rights and liberties that even a monarch could not violate.

How did trade change from the beginning of the Middle Ages to the high Middle Ages?

At the beginning of the Middle Ages most trade was in luxury goods which only the wealthy could afford. at the high Middle Ages more local people could trade.

What games did they play

Badminton

How do the nobles feel about the decline of feudalism

Because the Kings don't need as many Knights they loose money

How did the commoners feel about the decline of feudalism

Because the nobles want more land the commoners have to pay high taxes

What were guilds? Why were they established

Both trade and the production of goods were overseen by organizations which are guilds to provide help and protection for the people doing a certain kind of work.

Where does the plague originate? Where does it travel? What ship does is go on?

Central Asia travels along trade route to the Black Sea along the Silk Road carried on a ship to Italy spreads north and west to continent of Europe and to england

Model parliament=

Congress. A governing body created by King Edward I of England that included some commoners, church officials, and nobles.

How was the plague spread?

Dirty conditions people lived in Bacteria that cause the disease carried by fleas that feed on the blood of infected rodents

What were common medical treatments?

Prayer, herbs, bleed patients, and consulting the positions of the planets

How did the Hundred Years' War start?

English monarchs had claimed the lands in France because earlier English Kings had been feudal lords over these French fiefs French kings now disputed the claims and when Phillip VI declared that french fiefs were part of his realm, war broke out in France

How did guilds help their members and the families of their members?

Guilds help their me webers and the families of there members by using their money to take care of them.

What changes did Henley the second make to the English legal system and how did these changes affect feudalism

Henry the second insisted a jury formally accuse a person so a serious crime. There also had to be a court trial

What did the Hundred Years' War affect

Land claims, changes in military technology, less use in castles, and national identity and unity

How were the lives of medieval girls different from those of modern girls?

Medieval girls usually married young around 15, and were soon raising children of their own. They learned skills like cooking, clothe making, and other skills, boys went to school and learned a profession.

The English and the Catholic Church put Joan on trial and Roan for which craft and for spreading beliefs from god

REMEMBER

Who was Joan of arc? What did she do for the French during the Hundred Years' War

She was their inspiration because she claimed that she heard the voices of saints urging her to save France. She led the French army to victory in the battle of Orleans

Why were the English able to defeat the French in early battles, such ad the one at Crecy?

The French army relied on horse mounted Knights, short distance arrows, and heavy, hard to move in armor. The English wore lighter armor, used long bows which could be fired quicker, flew faster, farther, and more accurately.

What changes did the Magna Carta bring about in English government

The Magna Carta brought common law and traditional rights

Where were towns in medieval Europe often located and why?

Towns in medieval Europe were located near trade because towns grew wealthier because local people specialized in making specific types of goods

What contributed to the growth of towns in medieval Europe?

Trade contributed to the growth of towns because it attracted residents that eventually stayed

Two methods for deciding the guilt or innocence of accused criminals in the early Middle Ages?

Trial by ordeal is where you get thrown in the well and if you survive you are guilty if you drown you are not guilty. Trial by combat.