Chapter 4

Resemblance between two organisms can occur because of shared ancestry. Structures that are similar because of shared ancestry are said to be A. Homologous B. Analogous C. Convergent D. Adaptive

A. Homologous

A heritable change that increases an animal's chance of successful reproduction. A. Is adaptation B. Prevents evolutionary change C. Always results in the evolution of a new species D. Is called genetic drift

A. Is adaptation

The evolution of a number of new characteristics from an ancestral form is called ____________ and results from ______________. A. Natural Selection; the opening of new habitats B. Adaptive Radiation; The opening of new habitats C. Punctuated equilibrium; Loss of genetic variation in a species D. Micoevolution; Extinction of one of two closely related species.

B. Adaptive Radiation; The opening of new habitats

Millions of years ago two populations of a species were separated as a result of two continents drifting apart. Members of these two populations adapted to different environments and today are very different from one another and classified as different species. Accounts like this that explain how geographical barriers help account for the evolution of groups of animals is the work of A. Paleontologists B. Molecular biologists C. comparative anatomists D. Bio-geographers

D. Bio-geographers

Charles Lyell's Principles of Geology influenced Charles Darwin's ideas of evolutionary change in which of the following ways? A. His description of fossils of south America convinced Darwin that species that were present in the past became extinct, thus reinforcing ideas of change. B. Lyell developed the ideas of another geologist, James Hutton, who advocated that uniformitarianism, not catastrophic change, was responsible for shaping the face of the earth. C Lyell's work convinced Darwin that the earth must be much older than 6,000 years. D. Lyell described the volcanic origin of the Galapagos Islands, providing Darwin with ideas of how the islands might have been colonized with tortoises and finches E. Both B and C are correct F. All of the above are correct

F. All of the above are correct