Chapter 4 and 5 Test (SEXTON)

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Social Darwinism

The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle.

Besser process

The process of making high-quality steel, efficiently and cheaply

What do Monet and Van Gogh have in common?

They painted using new forms of expression.

What was the main motive for universal education?

To create better educated voters

In the United States, the second Industrial Revolution produced wealth that was ______________________________

Transferred from the elite to the working class

Proletariat

working class

Steam Engine

An engine running on steam; eliminated need for factories to be near water

What was the method of making high quality steel efficiently and cheaply called?

Bessemer Process

Which caused both migration to the cities and higher survival rates of city dwellers?

Factories were emerging and the improvement of public sanitation

Enclosure Movement

Fencing of common lands in England, which contributed to the increase in population and the rise of industrialization.

Leisure

Free time/ freedom for hobbies and rest

Albert Einstein

German physicist who developed the theory of relativity, which states that time, space, and mass are relative to each other and not fixed.

In the 19th century, peoples lives became more clearly divided into period of work and leisure as a result of _______________

Industrialization

The Wright Brothers

Invented the airplane

Thomas Edison

Invented the light bulb

Alexander Graham Bell

Invented the telephone

Why did artists in the 1900s abandon visual reality in favor of individual expression?

Photogrphy

Henry Ford

Pioneered the assembly line and started Ford motor company

Assembly line

Production method that breaks down a complex job into a series of smaller tasks; pioneered by Henry Ford

By 1887, the United States controlled the sugar industry in ___________.

Puerto Rico

Duma

Russian legislative assembly

Claude Monet

a French painter who used a impressionism called "super-realism,"

Monroe Doctrine

an American foreign policy opposing interference in the Americas from outside powers

Industrial Capitalism

an economic system based on industrial production or manufacturing

What did the middle class people in the 19th century Europe believe was most important?

hard work and proper etiquette

Karl Benz

invented the automobile

According to Freud, Human experience was strongly determined by _______

past experiences

What was Einstein's theory of relativity?

space and time are relative to the observer

In the second Industrial Revolution what innovations opened up new industrial frontiers?

steel, chemicals, electricity, and petroleum

What were some problems associated with rapid urbanization?

substandard housing and poor sanitation

Feminism

the movement for women's rights

Suffrage

the right to vote


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