Chapter 4-Job Analysis

Critical incident Methods

a job analysis method by which important job tasks are identified for job success.

Functional job analysis (FJA)

a job-analysis approach that utilizes an inventory of the various types of work activities that constitute any job.

Job enrichment

Enhancing a job by adding more meaningful tasks and duties to make the work more rewarding or satisfying.

Employee empowerment

Granting employees power to initiate change, thereby encourage them to take charge of what they do.

employee team

Group of employees working together toward a common purpose, in which members have complementary skills, members work is mutually dependent, and the group has discretion over tasks performed.

Job enlargement

Process of adding a greater variety of tasks to a job.

Dejobbing

Refers to a process of structuring organizations not around jobs but around projects that are constantly changing.

Virtual teams

Teams that utilize telecommunications technology to link team members who are geographically dispersed

Job sharing

The arrangement whereby two part time employees perform a hob that otherwise would be held by one full time employee

Flextime

Working hours that permit employees the option of choosing daily starting and quitting times, provided they work a set number of hours.

job description

Written document that describes the overall purpose of the job, tasks, responsibly, and qualifications needed to do it.

Industrial engineering

a field of study concerned with analyzing work methods and establishing time standards.

job specifications

a statement of the specific knowledge, skills, and abilities of a person who is to perform a job needs.

Job Characteristics Model

A job design theory that purports that three psychological states (experiencing meaningfulness of the work performed, responsibility for work, outcomes, and knowledge of the results of the work performed) of a jobholder result in improved work performance, internal motivation, and lower absenteeism and turnover.

Job crafting

A naturally occurring phenomenon whereby employees mold their tasks to fit their individual strengths, passions, and motives better.

Job rotation

A process whereby employees rotate in and out of different jobs

Position Analysis Questionnaire(PAQ)

A questionnaire identifying approximately 200 different tasks that, by means of a five-point scale, seeks to determine the degree to which different tasks are involved in performing a job.

Employee engagement

A situation in which workers are enthusiastic and immersed in their work to the degree that it improves the performance of their companies.

Job

An activity people do for which they get paid, particularly as part of the trade or occupation they occupy.

Task inventory analysis

An organization-specific list of tasks and their descriptions used as a basis to identify components of jobs.

Job design

An outgrowth of job analysis that improves jobs through technological and human considerations in order to enhance organization efficiency and employee job satisfaction.

Telecommuting

The use of personal commuters, networks, and other communications technology such as fax machines to do work in the home that is traditionally done in the workplace.

Job analysis

the process of obtaining information about jobs by determining their duties, tasks, or activities.

Ergonomics

the process of studying and designing equipment and systems that are easy and efficient for employees to use.