Chapter 4 Learnsmart

Which of the following statements are true concerning the right of assembly?

1) Regulations of public assemblies must be applied fairly to all groups. 2) Individuals cannot hold an assembly at a busy intersection during rush hour. 3) Public officials can regulate the time and place of assemblies.

In which decade did the election of "tough on crime" candidates lead to state legislatures enacting stiffer penalties for crime while also limiting judges' abilities to reduce sentences for nonviolent crimes of first-time offenders?

1990s

England's ______ gave members of Protestant sects the right to worship freely and publicly. The first Amendment reflects this tradition.

Act of Toleration

What is the question at the heart of the debate over the Second Amendment?

Does the amendment give individuals the right to possess weapons?

Which amendment to the United States Constitution protects individuals from testifying against themselves in a court of law?

Fifth

What constitutional amendment is of special significance for the Supreme Court when considering how to best protect individual rights from action by state local governments?

Fourteenth

Which amendment to the United States Constitution protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures?

Fourth

The Supreme Court upheld the forced relocation of tens of thousands of Japanese Americans during World War 2 in which of the following cases?

Korematsu v. United States

The Sedition Act of 1798

Made it a crime to publish stories that were harshly critical of the president

Which of the following established that law enforcement officers must advise detainees of their rights, including the right to remain silent the right to attorney, before beginning questioning in a criminal investigation?

Miranda v. Arizona

Second Amendment

Right to bear arms

The right to legal counsel is a ______ Amendment protection .

Sixth

In case involving protester Gregory Johnson, the Supreme Court ruled that burning the American flag was protected specifically as ____ speech.

Symbolic

The law passed by Congress, soon after the 9/11 attacks, that allows the FBI and other intelligence agencies to access personal information and records without consent from targeted individuals is known as the

USA Patriot Act.

The importance of listing individual rights in the Constitution is that it gives individuals who feel that their rights have been violated

a basis for taking the alleged violation into a court of law for a ruling by a judge.

In the case of Korematsu v. United States, the courts

allowed government polices during wartime that would not be allowed in times of peace.

Concerning symbolic speech the Supreme Court has generally held that government regulation of the ____ of a message is unconstitutional. (This was illustrated by a Texas flag-burning case; the state of Texas actually burns old flags to dispose of them.)

content

In Engle Vitale (1962) , the Supreme Court ruled against the reciting of prayers in public schools on grounds it violates the

establishment clause

The ____ clause of the First Amendment bans the state from helping religious institutions, whereas the _____ clause bans the state from restricting the free practice of religion by individuals.

establishment; free-exercise

As a result of changes in sentencing policies, the U.S. prison population, per capita,

is the largest in the world.

Which of these groups is typically more protective of individual rights?

judges

Which term describes the set of procedures authorities must follow before a person can be lawfully punished for an offense?

procedural due process

free-exercise clause

prohibits the government from interfering with individuals' practice of their religion.

Eighth Amendment

protection aganist cruel and unusual punishment.

Fifth Amendment

protection aganist self-incrimination and double jeopardy

Fourth Amendment

protection aganist unreasonable search and seizure

establishment clause

requires government neutrality toward religious institutions

Sixth Amendment

right to a jury trial, an attorney, and to confront witnesses.

First Amendment

right to speech, press, assembly, and religon

The Supreme Court has ruled that the right of free assembly

takes precedence over the possibility that the exercise of the right might have undesirable consequences.

what was the name of the 1798 law that criminalized any speech or writings of the government, Congress, or the president?

the Sedition Act

The Second Amendment of the U.S. Constitution protects

the right of the people to keep and bear arms.

Which of the following is NOT considered a Sixth Amendment protection?

the right to bear arms

Griswold v. Connecticut was a case dealing with

the right to privacy

Griswold v. Connecticur is the landmark case that established the right to privacy. The case involved the question of whether a state can prohibit

the use of contraceptives by a married couple.

The USA Patriot Act was passed

to combat terrorism.

Which of the following are considered Civil Liberties?

1) Right to fair trial 2) Freedom of speech 3) Freedom of religion

Why was the Nation Security Agency's wiretapping of phone calls and e-mail messages originating in the United States, first revealed by the New York Times in 2005, controversial (Select all that apply.)

1) The NSA had collected data on nearly every call made by Americans. 2) The wiretapping had been authorized by President George W. Bush without approval from the courts.

The establishment clause of the Constitution restricts which of the following?

1) government from favoring one religion over another 2) government from supporting religion over no religion

The free-exercise clause

1) is part of the First Amendment. 2) has been interpreted to mean Americans can hold any religious belief of their choosing. 3) has been interpreted to mean that Americans can not always act on their religious beliefs if they conflict with other laws.

The Bill of Rights protects some civil liberties, including freedom

1) of the press 2) of assembly 3) of speech