Chapter 4- Minerals

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What is an ore?

a mineral that contains a useful substance

Specific gravity

the most common measure of density used by geologists

Ore

which contains a useful substance that can be mined at a profit

Dully, silky, waxy, and pearly are descriptive terms that best describe which property of minerals?

Luster

Oxides

are compounds of oxygen and a metal

Carbonates

are minerals composed of one or more metallic elements with the carbonate compound CO3

Gems

are valuable minerals that are prized for their rarity and beauty

Texture

describes how a mineral feels to the touch

What would you use the Mohs scale of hardness for?

identifying a mineral

Which of the following is part of the definition of a mineral?

inorganic

Hardness

is a measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched

Mineral

is a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a specific chemical composition and a definite crystalline structure.

Crystal

is a solid in which the atoms are arranged repeating patterns

Magma

is molten material found beneath Earth's surface

Streak

is the color powdered streak on the surface of the plate

Fracture

minerals that break with rough or jagged edges

Silicates

minerals that contain silicon and oxygen and usually one or more other elements

The streak of which mineral is different from its external color?

pyrite

A student rubs a mineral across an unglazed porcelain plate. What mineral property is the student testing?

streak

Luster

the way that a mineral reflects light from its surface

What property causes the mineral galena to break in to tiny cubes?

the way the atoms are arranged

How many minerals are found in Earth's crust?

3,000 minerals

What mineral fizzes when it comes in contact with hydrochloric acid?

Calcite

A mineral has a mass of 100 g and a volume of 50 cm cubed. What is the density?

2 g/cm3

What element is the most abundant in Earth's crust?

Oxygen


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