Chapter 4 PE MEGA

If a sample of blood is deoxygenated, where is it likely to be found in the circulatory system of the human body?

At the beginning of the pulmonary circuit.

You see a donut on a plate displayed at your local bakery, and your mouth starts watering. Which nervous system allows this to happen?

Autonomic

circulatory system

Blood, Heart, Blood vessels

a true statement about bones?

Bones are used as lever arms to facilitate body movements.

What is the smallest

Bronchioles

What differentiates cardiac muscle from smooth muscle?

Cardiac muscle is only found in the heart, and smooth muscle is found elsewhere.

Connective tissue is crucial and connects throughout the body where muscle meets bone and aids in movement. What is connective tissue mainly composed of?

Collagen

Which of the following is not a function of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice?

Digest the mucous layer covering the epithelium.

Which of the following is an example of a parasympathetic response?

Heart rate slowing

Which body system deals the LEAST with movement?

Integumentary System

The Command Center of the human body that gives the orders is the:

Nervous system

How is digesting food moved along the small intestine?

Peristalsis contracts the smooth muscle to push it forward

The muscular valve at the bottom of the stomach that controls the flow of partially digested food into the small intestine is known as the:

Pyloric sphincter

When you touch a hot stove, which neurons tell your brain it's hot?

Sensory

Which of the following are part of the Central Nervous System?

Spinal cord and brain

Which of the following BEST explains how a muscle cell exerts force?

The muscle cell shortens or contracts and exerts a pulling force on whatever is attached to both ends.

The circulation of blood from the right side of the human heart to the lungs and back to the heart completes which circuit?

The pulmonary circuit

Which of the following explains how a person straightens his arm at the elbow?

The triceps muscle contracts, pulling the ulna away from the upper arm while the biceps muscle is relaxed.

Features of alveoil

Their inner surface is coated with a thin film of water, They have thin walls, They are surrounded by capillaries.

What problem would be caused by a lack of cartilage in someone's body?

Their movement would be hindered, and their bones rub together.

Which of the following explains why humans are unable to absorb enough oxygen through their skin?

There is not enough surface area.

What do amylase and pepsin have in common?

They are both digestive enzymes.

What is the purpose of the systemic circuit of the human body?

To supply blood rich in oxygen and nutrients to the body.

In the lungs, after oxygen leaves the air, where does it travel next?

To the film of water that coats the alveoli

Which of the following does the large intestine most likely absorb in digestion?

Water

An inactive precursor of an enzyme that must go through a change to be activated is known as a(n) _____.

Zymogen

The two main branches of the trachea that lead to the lobes of the lung are known as _____.

bronchi

Which two systems are responsible for the movement of blood and clear fluid throughout the body, along with nutrients?

circulatory and lymphatic

Secretions from the _____, called _____, neutralize acid from the stomach in the small intestine.

pancreas, bicarbonate

What is one reason that enzymes are present in the small intestine?

to break down protein to amino acids