Chapter 4 Programs and Apps

Define these terms: operating system, tools, and system software.

- Operating system: Serves as the interface between the user, the applications and other programs, and the computer's or mobile device's hardware. - Tools: programs that enable you to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing devices, media, and programs used by computers and mobile devices. - System software: the operating system and other tools are collectively known as system software because they consist of the programs that control or maintain the operation of the computer and its devices.

List steps to uninstall a program or remove an app.

1. Open the Control Panel. 2. Click the option to uninstall a program. 3. Click to select the program to uninstall. 4. Click the Uninstall button and then follow the prompts on the screen.

List ways to edit digital photos. Identify issues surrounding altered digital photos.

1. Removes unwanted areas of a photo. 2. Removes the appearance of red eyes caused by the camera flash. 3. Changes the physical dimensions of the photo. 4. Decreases the photo's file size. 5. Increases or decreases crispness of objects in the photo. 6. Adjusts lightness or darkness in the photo. 7. Adjusts the difference in appearance between light and dark areas of the photo. Ex. One school received criticism when it altered necklines on yearbook photos to be more modest.

Describe ways a virus infects programs or apps.

1. virus will replicate itself and attaches to program files. 2. conceal themselves to avoid detection. hides in fake code sections 3. watch for a certain condition or event and activate when that condition occurs

List storage media for backups.

A backup tool allows users to copy, or back up, selected files or the contents of an entire storage medium to another storage location, such as another hard drive, optical disk, USB flash drive, or the cloud. Many backup programs compress files during the backup process so they require less storage space than the original files.

Define the terms, folder and index.

A specific named location on a storage medium that contains related files. Most operating systems typically include a filer manager. An index is a folder with a main page that allows developers to aggregate data from the collections and pages contained within it.

Identify types of communications applications.

Blog, Browser, Chat, Online Discussion, Email, File Transfer, Internet Phone, Internet Messaging, Mobile Text Messaging, Video-conference.

List categories of programs and apps. ___ is another word for program

CATEGORIES: Productivity (Business and Personal)> Graphics and Media> Personal Interest> Communications> Security> File, Disk, and System Management Software

Applications often include a(n) __ gallery, which is a collection of clip art and photos.

Clip Art/Image

__ software programs functions specific to a business or industry.

Custom

List examples of desktop and mobile operating systems.

Desktop - macOS, Windows, Linux, Chrome OS Mobile - Android, iOS, Windows

Describe ways to use voice command personal assistant apps.

Dial a number, set an alarm, run an app, obtain information.

Identify ways to avoid malware when using a mobile device.

Lock your phone with a password or fingerprint detection. ... If it's not already the default on your phone, consider encrypting your data. ... Set up remote wipe. ... Back up phone data. ... Avoid third-party apps. ... Avoid jail-breaking your iPhone or rooting your Android. ... Update operating systems often.

Identify functions of the following apps: media sharing, streaming audio and video, gaming, news, sports, and weather, mapping, health and fitness, and academic.

Media Sharing - You use the digital camera on your mobile device to take quality photos and/or videos and then instantly can share the photos or videos online. SAAV - Media from different platforms that are streamed on the web/internet. Gaming - Chat with other people online while playing a game. News - Get updated on currents events around the world. Weather - Check how cold/hot, sunny/raining it is. Local Temperature. Mapping - Use GPS on phone to navigate your way around. Health and Fitness - Use an app to track your status. Academic - Educational purposes used on the students to learn a subject.

Differentiate among mobile apps, native apps, cloud apps, and public-domain software.

Mobile App - A web app that runs on a mobile device. Mobile web apps often have a responsive web design, which means the app is optimized for display in a browser on a mobile device, regardless of screen size or orientation. Native App - An app written for a specific platform and installed on a computer or mobile device. Native apps can take advantage of specific features of the devices on which they are installed, such as a smartphone's camera or contacts list. Cloud App - Makes use of software and data that are not stored on your computer or mobile device.

Identify functions of the following tools: personal firewalls, hardware firewalls, antivirus programs, malware removers, and Internet filters.

Personal firewall: security tool that detects and protects a personal computer and its data from unauthorized intrusions; constantly monitoring everything. antivirus program: protects computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory. malware removers: spyware (placed on computer without someone knowing), adware (displays online advertisement in pop up window) internet filters: anti spam programs: attempts to remove spam before it reaches your inbox-web filters: restricts access to certain material on the web-phishing filters: warns/blocks you from potentially fraudulent or suspicious websites

List issues surrounding an email provider scanning users' email messages.

Set up an antivirus program on your computer.

List any restrictions for shareware, freeware, open source, and public-domain software.

Shareware is copyrighted software that is distributed at no cost for a trial period. Freeware is copyrighted software provided at no cost by an individual or a company that retains all rights to the software. Open source software is software provided for use, modification, and redistribution. This software may have restrictions from the copyright holder regarding modification of the software's internal instructions and its redistribution.

A virus ___ is a known specific pattern of virus code. Differentiate between spyware and adware.

Signature

Explain the risk of and how to avoid computer virus hoaxes.

Sometimes they might even advise you to download a virus scanner in order to repair the files, but these scanners would simply add more viruses instead of repairing. This is the actual trick of a virus hoax.

List and describe five types of Internet Filters.

Spam is a unsolicited email message or posting sent to many recipients or forums at once. Web Filtering software is a program that restricts access to certain material on the web. Phishing is a scam in which a perpetrator sends an official looking email message that attempts to obtain your personal/financial information. A pop-up blocker or pop-under blocker is a filtering program that stops pop-up or pop-under ads from displaying on webpages.

Describe how an operating system interacts with the computer.

Step 1: An operating system user interface is displayed on the screen when a user turns on a computer. Step 2: The users instructs the operating system to run an application, such as a word processing application, which appears on the user's screen. The user then instructs the application to print a document. Step 3: The application sends the print instruction to the computer's operating system (software), which is running on the computer. Step 4: The operating system sends the print instruction to the printer (hardware), which prints the document.

Explain the impact of the Internet on plagiarism.

The internet offers many ways for students to cheat intentionally, including websites that allow you to purchase a research paper.

Explain the purpose of a license agreement.

The license agreement provides specific conditions for use of the software, which a user typically must accept before using the software.

List types of malware. Identify signs of a virus infection.

Types of malware: -worm: replicates itself over a network to infect computers, using up system resources -trojan horse: destructive program disguised as program. can capture info and enable someone to remote control your computer -rootkit: can hide and allow someone to take full control of your computer from a remote locationSigns of Virus Infection: unusual message, sound, file doesn't work, etc.

Define these terms: CBT, WBT, and MOOC.

WBT (Web Based Training) - a type of CBT that uses Internet technology to deliver the training. CBT (Computer Based Training) - a type of education in which students learn by using and completing exercises with instructional software. MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) - Offers access to quality education anywhere the internet is available through a combination of video instruction and interaction with an instructor and students in an online classroom.

__ authoring software allows users to combine text, graphics, audio, video, and animation in an interactive application.

Website

Describe the disk defragmentation process.

When an operating system stores data on a hard disk, it places the data in the first available sector (a storage location on a disk in the shape of an arc). The operating system attempts to place data in sectors that are contiguous (next to each other), but this is not always possible. When the contents of a file are scattered across two or more noncontiguous sectors, the file is fragmented.

Identify tools word processing programs provide that can assist you when writing.

Word processing software has many features to create professional and visually appealing documents. For example, you can change the font, size, and color of characters.

Define the following terms: worksheet and function.

Worksheet - An application that allows users to organize data in columns and rows and perform calculations on the data. Function - A predefined formula that performs a calculation, such as adding the values in a group of cells or generating a value, such as the current time or date.

Compressed files sometimes are called ___ files.

Zipped

Identify functions of the following apps: calendar and email, travel, financial, reference, retail, scanning, and online social networks.

c and e: keep track of appointments scanning: use camera to scan QR code or bar code financial: access bank accounts or investments ref: offer voice input for dictionaries retail: research products, product reviews, make purchases Travel: display available options osn: connect fam and friends

List advantages of using a software suite.

cost less, easy to use, share info with other apps

Describe the activities that occur during project development.

create, edit, format, save, distribute

Describe when you should use a database and when to use a spreadsheet.

database: forms and reports spreadsheet: visuals, charts

Differentiate among font, font size, and font style.

font: specific design of charactersfont size: size of charactersfont style: emphasis on font

Name the types of software used by various functional units in an enterprise.

human resources, accounting, finance, engineering, product development, manufacturing, marketing, distribution, customer service

Identify risks when using payment apps.

people like waiters take card away

Explain considerations for safely downloading software and apps.

search for popular, compatible, read ratings and reviews

List safety considerations used by various functional units in an enterprise.

strong passwords, guard, verify transactions

Describe steps to register and activate software.

submit name and personal info

Identify ways you can manage a project using project management software.

understand steps, determine date, verify good resources, verify feasibility, change

List types of productivity applications.

work processor, presentation, spreadsheet